ἄνθραξ G0440
charcoal, burning coals
This noun denotes charcoal or burning coals used for heating and cooking. Paul quotes Proverbs 25:22 in Romans 12:20: 'If your enemy is hungry, feed him... in so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.' Classical usage distinguished charcoal (for metalworking and slow fires) from wood coals. The plural typically meant charcoal pieces or burning coals. The metaphor about 'heaping coals on the head' likely refers to bringing shame and prompting repentance rather than vengeance. All four languages maintain clear words for 'coals' or 'charcoal.'
Sentidos
1. sense 1 — Burning coals, charcoal (Rom 12:20). Paul quotes Proverbs about heaping 'burning coals' on your enemy's head through acts of kindness. Scholars debate whether this means shame leading to repentance (Egyptian ritual of carrying coals as penance) or increasing judgment. The context of Romans 12:17-21 favors the former—kindness that shames the enemy into reconciliation. The universal translation consensus on 'coals/charcoal' shows clear identification of the image, even if its precise metaphorical force remains debated. 1×
AR["جَمْرَ"]·ben["কয়লা"]·DE["Kohlen"]·EN["coals"]·FR["charbon"]·heb["גֶּחָלִים"]·HI["अंगारे"]·ID["bara"]·IT["carbone"]·jav["mawa"]·KO["숫들을"]·PT["brasas"]·RU["огня"]·ES["carbones"]·SW["makaa"]·TR["kömürler"]·urd["کوئلے"]
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H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
ἄνθραξ, ᾰκος, ὁ, charcoal, Refs 4th c.BC+: mostly in plural ἄνθρακεςRefs 5th c.BC+; their vapour produced stupor, Refs 4th c.BC+ of a glutton, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 coal, οἷς καὶ οἱ χαλκεῖς χρῶνταιRefs 4th c.BC+; ἐπὶ ἀνθράκων μαλακῶν on a slow fire, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II a precious stone of dark-red colour, including the carbuncle, ruby, and garnet LXX+4th c.BC+ __II.2 hence, carbuncle, malignant pustule (accusative to some, small-pox), Refs 5th c.BC+ __III ={ἰσάτις}, woad, Refs