1. sin, failure, transgression — A failure to meet a standard, a missing of the mark, moral transgression against God's law or will. Covers both singular and plural inflections (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative in both numbers) as purely grammatical variants of the same lexical meaning. Multilingual evidence is strikingly uniform across number: Spanish 'pecado/pecados,' Hindi 'पाप/पापों' (pāp singular and plural), Arabic 'الخَطيئَةِ/خَطايا' (khaṭīʾa singular / khaṭāyā broken plural — same root خ-ط-أ), Korean '죄/죄들' (joe / joe-deul), Swahili 'dhambi' (invariant for singular and plural). The concept encompasses personal sins, the abstract power of sin, and the state of sinfulness throughout the NT (Romans 3-8; John 1:29; 1 John 1:8-9; Heb 9:26). 173×
AR["-خَطِيَّةِ","الخَطيئَةُ","الخَطيئَةِ","خَطيئَة","خَطيئَةً","خَطِيئَةً","خَطِيئَةٍ","خَطِيئَةَ","خَطِيَّةً"]·ben["পাপ","পাপ।","পাপে","পাপের","পাপের,"]·DE["Suende","Sünde"]·EN["sin"]·FR["péché"]·heb["הַחֲטָאָה","חֵטְא","חַטָּאת"]·HI["पअप","पाप","पाप?","पाप।"]·ID["dosa","dosa,","dosa."]·IT["peccato"]·jav["dosa","dosa,","dosa.","dosa;","dosa?","dosanipun."]·KO["죄","죄-를","죄가","죄를","죄에-대하여","죄에서","죄와","죄의"]·PT["pecado"]·RU["-так","в-","грех","греха","греха;","грехе","грехе,","грехом"]·ES["pecado"]·SW["dhambi"]·TR["bunu","günah","günahları","günahı","günahın","günahını","günahınız","günahınızda"]·urd["گناہ"]
Matt 12:31, John 1:29, John 8:21, John 8:34, John 8:34, John 8:46, John 9:41, John 9:41, John 15:22, John 15:22, John 15:24, John 16:8 (+38 more)
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἁμαρτ-ία, ἡ, a failure, fault, τῶνδ᾽ ἁ. δόμωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἁ. δόξης error of judgement, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 in Philos. and Religion, guilt, sin, NT+5th c.BC+