1. unclean, impure — All three clusters denote the single adjectival concept of ritual or moral uncleanness/impurity. The multilingual evidence is consistent throughout: English 'unclean / unclean things / impure person', Spanish 'inmundo / inmundas / impuro' (all 'unclean/impure'), Arabic 'نجس / نجاسات / نجس' (unclean / uncleannesses / unclean), Korean '더러운 / 더러운 것들을 / 더러운 자나' (unclean / unclean things / unclean person), Hindi 'अशुद्ध' across all three clusters, and Swahili 'mchafu / uchafu / mchafu' (dirty/unclean / dirtiness / dirty). The differences are purely morphological (singular, plural neuter substantive, singular masculine substantive) and do not represent distinct lexicographic senses. 32×
AR["أَرواحَ","النَّجِسَ","النَّجِسَةَ","النَّجِسَةُ","النَّجِسَةِ","النَّجِسُ","نَجِسٌ","نَجِسٍ","نَجِسَةٍ","نَجِسُ"]·ben["অশুচি","অশুচি,","অশুচির"]·DE["unrein"]·EN["unclean"]·FR["impur"]·heb["הַטָּמֵא","טְמֵאִים","טְמֵאָה","טְמֵאוֹת","טָמֵא"]·HI["अशुद्ध","अशुध","और","की","के","जब","प्रवेश-किए"]·ID["itu","jahat","jahat,","najis","najis,"]·IT["impuro"]·jav["kotor","najis","najis,","najis.","najis;"]·KO["더러운","부정한","부정한,","부정한."]·PT["impuro","impuros","imundo","imundo,","imundos","imundos,"]·RU["нечистого","нечистого;","нечистом","нечистому","нечистые","нечистый","нечистым","нечистыми","нечистых"]·ES["inmundo","inmundos"]·SW["mchafu","mchafu,","roho","wachafu","wachafu,"]·TR["kirli","kirli,","kirli-üzerinde"]·urd["ناپاک","ناپاک-کو","ناپاک؛"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀκᾰθαρ-τος, ον, (καθαίρω) uncleansed, foul, ἀήρRefs 5th c.BC+ of the body, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a woman, quae menstrua non habet, Refs 4th c.BC+; of ceremonial impurity, LXX __b unpurified, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 morally unclean, impure, Refs 5th c.BC+thou beast! Refs 3rd c.BC+; ={μανιώδης}, NT+5th c.BC+. adverb ἀκαθάρτως, ἔχεινRefs 5th c.BC+ __3 ofthings, notpurgedaway, unpurged, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b…