Returning and Restoring

שׁוּב1056 vb. turn back, return (NH id.; Hiph. in MI 8 f. 12; Sab. תֿוב, התֿב, especially requite Os ZMG xix (1865), 198 SabDenkm No. 20, l. 1 HomChrest. 122 CIS iv. 81, 1. 9, etc.; Arabic ثَابَ return, so Aramaic תּוּב, ܬܒ );— Qal685 Pf. 3 ms. שָׁב Gn 18:33 +, 3 fs. שָׁ֫בָה Ru 1:15 +, וְשָׁבַת consec. †Ez 46:17 (Ges§ 72 o, but Co Toy Krae וְשָׁבָה), 2 ms. שַׁבְתָּ ψ 85:2, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָשׁוּב Ho 11:5 + often, יָשֻׁב ψ 146:4; La 3:3, juss. יָשֹׁב Ju 7:3 +, וַיָּ֫שָׁב Gn 26:18 +; 3 fpl. תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ez 16:55(×2), תְּשֻׁבֶינָה v 55, etc.; Imv. ms. שׁוּב Gn 31:3 +, שֻׁב Ex 4:19; 1 K 18:43, שׁוּ֫בָה Ho 14:2 +, fpl. שֹׁבְנָה Ru 1:8, 11, 12, etc.; Inf. abs. שׁוֹב Gn 8:3 +, cstr. שׁוּב Ex 4:21 +, שֹׁב Jos 2:16 (Ges§ 72 q), etc.; Pt. שָׁב Gn 43:18 +, fs. שָׁבָ֫ה Ru 1:22 +, etc.; pass. cstr. שׁוּבֵי Mi 2:8;—turn back, return: 1. turn back, c. מִן loc. Ju 3:19; 8:13, cf. 7:3, c. מֵאַחֲרֵי pers., i.e. from following 2 S 11:15; 1 K 19:21; Ru 1:16, from pursuing 2 S 2:26, 30; 1 K 22:33 = 2 Ch 18:32; c. מִן of pursuit 1 S 17:53; 23:28, cf. 2 Ch 11:4; c. אַחֲרֵי pers., i.e. so as to follow 1 S 15:31 2 S 23:10; turn back in fear, מִן rei Jb 39:22 (of horse), מִפְנֵי כֹל Pr 30:30 (of lion), so abs. (of foes) ψ 6:11; 56:10; 70:4, in shame La 1:8; turn back and do so and so: Gn 14:7; Ex 14:2, cf. Nu 33:7 (עַל loc., both P), Jos 8:21 (E), 11:10 (J), 1 Ch 21:20, sq. inf. 2 Ch 20:27; abs. turn back (face about) Ct 7:1(×4) (+ vb.); = be repulsed, defeated ψ 9:4 (+ אָחוֹר), 74:21; fig. turn back, viz. from promise or vow Ju 11:35; c. מִן of service Nu 8:25 (P), i.e. be exempt. 2. return, come or go back, c. מֵעַל pers. 1 S 17:15 (opp. הלך), 2 S 10:14; 2 K 18:14, מִן pers. Jos 10:31 (+ בְּשָׁלוֹם), מִן loc., especially from foreign land 2 K 8:3; 2 Ch 10:2; Ru 1:6, 22; 2:6; 4:3; Je 31:16; 40:12; 43:5; 44:28; Ezr 6:21; Ne 8:17, מֵהַכּוֹת Gn 14:17 (JE?), 1 S 17:57; 18:6; 2 S 1:1; 8:13, מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing 1 S 24:2 (Gi v 1); fig., לֹא שׁ׳ מִנִּי חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 15:22 (v. חֹשֶׁךְ 3 a); עִבְרוּ וָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר Ex 32:27 (J), i.e. go back and forth from gate to gate, cf. (abs.) pt. as subst. עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zc 7:14; 9:8 and (= all persons) Ez 35:7; also וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב Gn 8:7 (J), רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב Ez 1:14 (del. Hi Co Toy al.; yet v. Krae); Gn 8:3 (J) v. הָלַךְ" dir="rtl" >הלך 4 c (4). 3. especially return unto: a. go back, אֶל pers. Nu 23:5, 16 (JE), 2 K 1:6 (‖ הָלַךְ, as often), Ex 5:22 (J; אֶל־י׳, 32:31 (E; id.), Nu 17:15 (P), 2 S 20:22 (+ acc. loc.), Je 46:16 (both + אֶל loc.), + 17 times; אֶל loc. also Gn 21:32; 28:21 (both E), 2 S 11:4; Ho 5:15 (of י׳), 2 Ch 19:1 (+ בְּשָׁלוֹם, + ל pers.), Est 2:14 (opp. בּוֹא), 7:8 (+ מִן loc.), + 27 times; of a dog שׁ׳ עַל־קֵאוֹ Pr 26:11; ל loc. Gn 18:33 (J), 1 S 26:25; 29:4; 1 K 19:15 (+ -ה loc.), Gn 33:16 (J; לְדַרְכּוֹ, + id.), ψ 7:8 (of י׳), + 25 times; ל pers. †Ru 1:10 (לְעַמֵּךְ); -ה loc. also Gn 44:13 (J), Ex 4:20, 21 (R), 13:17 (E), + 5 times; שָׁם (= שָׁ֫מָּה) Je 22:27; acc. loc. also Ho 8:13; 9:3; 1 S 18:2; 2 S 3:27; 15:27 (+ בְּ��ָׁלוֹם), 2 K 2:25 (+ מִן loc.), + 15 times; acc. דֶּרֶךָ Ez 46:9; acc. pers. †Nu 10:36; אַחֲרֵי pers. Ru 1:15; abs. 2 S 3:16; 19:16 (+ בּוֹא), 1 K 18:43; Je 40:5 (Ez 7:13b (del. 𝔊 Co Krae al.) +; sq. vb., go back and do so and so, Gn 43:2; 1 S 1:19; 29:7 (שׁוּב וְלֵךְ בְּשָׁלוֹם), 1 K 13:22; 2 Ch 18:16 (+ בְּשָׁלוֹם) +, (Je 42:10 read יָשׁוֹב Vrss and mod.); sq. inf. purpose Ju 14:8; 2 S 6:20 + 10 times b. come back, אֶל pers. Gn 8:9 (J; + אֶל loc.), Ex 24:14 (J), 1 S 23:23 + 2 S 17:3 (𝔊 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu), 1 K 12:15 (opp. הָלַךְ) + 9 times + (in hostility) Ju 20:48; אֶל loc. also Zc 8:3 (subj. י׳); Jos 22:32 (P) has מֵאֵת pers. + מִן loc. + אֶל loc. + אֶל pers.; אֶל rei Ez 7:13; עַל pers. †Ne 4:6 Mi 5:2 (be reunited to); עַל loc. †1 K 17:21, 22; ל loc. Jos 1:15 (R), Zc 1:16 (subj. י׳), 2 Ch 30:9 + (from exile) 5 times; ל animal., Jb 39:4; -ה loc. †Gn 15:16 (E), 50:14 (J); acc. loc. †2 Ch 19:8; שָׁם Je 22:11 (opp. יָצָא), שָׁ֫מָּה v 27, הֵ֫נָּה 31:8; abs. Gn 43:10 (J), 2 S 10:5; 2 K 1:5; Is 21:12 (‖ אָתָה), Jb 39:12 (Kt, so Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; + בְּשָׁלוֹם Ju 8:9; 1 K 22:28 (שׁוֹב תָּשׁוּב) = 2 Ch 18:27; 2 Ch 18:26; + vb., come back and do so and so, †Dt 1:45; 30:8; Je 37:8; 1 K 19:7; 20:5; 2 K 9:36 ψ 60:2 (title), cf. Zc 4:1; Dn 11:10, שׁ׳ לָשֶׁבֶת Nu 35:32 (P), שׁ׳ לָלֶכֶת Ec 5:14. †4. a. of dying, שׁ׳ אֶל־(הֶ)עָפָר Gn 3:19(×2) (J), ψ 104:29; Ec 3:20, עַל־עָפָר Jb 34:15; שׁ׳ לְאַדְמָתוֹ ψ 146:4, cf. אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֹ) Jb 1:21 (v. Di Bu, also Ec 5:14); שׁ׳ לִשְׁא֑וֹלָה ψ 9:18; so prob. abs. ψ 90:3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, שׁ׳ עַל־הָאָרֶץ Ec 12:7; breath, שׁ׳ אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים v 7. b. of revival from death, שׁ׳ לְבֵיתוֹ Jb 7:10, abs. 10:21 (opp. הָלַךְ), 16:22 (id.), Pr 2:19; also c. אֶל pers. 2 S 12:23. †5. fig. of human relations: a. return to leader, king, אֶל pers., Ju 11:8; 1 K 12:27(×2); to divorced wife Je 3:1 (opp. הלך). b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire), אֶל־ pers. Je 15:19(×2). c. turn, i.e. resort to, ל pers. ψ 119:79. d. return to a physical condition Jb 33:25 (ל rei); to a state or course of life, ל rei Is 23:17; Ez 16:55(×3); Ne 9:17 ψ 85:9 עַל rei Je 11:10, הֲלוֹם ψ 73:10 (but crpt.); ב Je 8:6 (Du reads שָׁט for שָׁב). e. abs. = change course of action; from good to bad, וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּמְרָד־בּוֹ 2 K 24:1; Je 34:11, 16; bad to good v 15; so שׁ׳ alone Jb 6:29(×2) (prob.; read וְשׁוּבוּ, so Di Da Bu al.; other interpr. De Du al.). f. pt. pass. = averse, שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Mi 2:8 (> We Now שׁבִי spoil of war). 6. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: a. turn back from God, = apostatize, מֵאַחֲרֵי י׳ Nu 14:43 (J), 1 S 15:11; 1 K 9:6 (שׁוֹב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן), Je 3:19; Nu 32:15; Jos 22:16, 18, 23, 29 (all P); abs. (usually + vb.) Ju 2:19; 8:33; Jos 23:12 (RD), Je 8:4 ψ 78:41; 2 Ch 7:19. b. of י׳, turn away, מֵאַחֲרֵי pers. Dt 23:15. c. turn back to God (= seek penitently), אֶל־י׳ Ho 6:1; 7:10; 14:3; Je 3:7; 1 K 8:33, 48 (בְּכָל־לֵבָב), + 18 times; אֶל־אֱלֹהִים †Ho 5:4 ψ 51:15, cf. Is 10:21; עַל־י׳ †2 Ch 15:4; 30:9; עַד־י׳ Am 4:6, 8, 9, 10, 11; Ho 14:2; Is 9:12 + 5 times; עַד־שַׁדַּי †Jb 22:23; לי׳ Is 31:6, שׁ׳ נַפְשִׁי לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכִי ψ 116:7; cf. לַבַּעַל Ho 7:16 (for לֹא עַל, Now, cf. Marti); לְתוֹכַחְתִּי Pr 1:23 (prob. del., v. Toy). d. abs. repent, Ho 3:5; 11:5; Is 6:10; 10:22; Je 3:7, 12, 14, 22; 4:1; 5:3 + 14 times, + pt. as subst. Is 1:27. e. turn back from evil, c. מִן (especially Je Ez) 1 K 8:35; 13:33; Je 15:7; 18:8 + 8 times Je, Ez 3:19; 13:22 + 12 times Ez, + 9 times; cf. שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Is 59:20; שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ez 18:30, so c. מֵעַל 14:6; from good, c. מִן, †Ez 3:20; 18:24, 26; 33:18. f. of י׳, שׁ׳ מֵחֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ Ex 32:12 (JE), Dt 13:18; Jos 7:26 (J), 2 K 23:26; Jon 3:9; שׁ׳ מִמֶּנּוּ אַף־י׳ Ho 14:5; Je 2:35; 4:8; Nu 25:4 (P), 2 Ch 12:12; 29:10; 30:8, so (man’s anger) Gn 27:45 (J) and (abs.) v 44 (E); abs. of אַף־י׳ Is 5:25; 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4; 12:1; Je 23:20 (opp. יָצָא v 19), 30:24 Jb 14:13; Dn 9:16. g. of י׳, return (to shew favour), אֶל pers. †Gn 18:10 (+ inf. abs.), v 14 Zc 1:3; Mal 3:7; 2 Ch 30:6, abs. Is 63:17 ψ 80:15 (‖ הִבִּיט, פָּקַד), 90:13, + vb. Je 12:15 ψ 6:5 Jo 2:14 Jon 3:9; also in hostility, + vb. Jos 24:20 (E), c. inf. purpose Ho 11:9. h. of י׳, turn back from (מִן) judgment Je 4:28, אֱמֶת ψ 132:11; מֵאַחֲרֵי pers., i.e. cease to bless, Je 32:40. 7. of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life): a. as perceptibly moving, water Gn 8:3 (J; מֵעַל loc.), Jos 4:18 (J; ל loc.), Ex 14:26 (P; עַל pers.), v 28 (P; + vb.), ψ 104:9 (ל inf.), sea Ex 14:27 (J; לְאֵיתָנוֹ); wind ψ 78:39 (opp. הלך), Ec 1:6 (עַל loc.); shadow 2 K 20:9, 10 (+ אֲחֹרַנִּית), ‖ Is 38:8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive) Ju 15:19; 1 S 30:12 (אֶל pers.); clouds Ec 12:2 (מִן temp.); rain and snow Is 55:10 (ה loc.); rolling stone Pr 26:27; sword 2 S 1:22 (מִן rei), Ez 21:10, arrow Je 50:9; of plague-spot = re-appear, Lv 14:43 (P). b. = be brought back, Gn 43:18 (J), 1 S 5:11 (ל loc.), hence be restored, ל pers. Ez 46:17, so of kingdom 1 K 12:26, city 1 S 7:14 (Ez 35:9 v. ישׁב 4), field Lv 27:24 (P); of animal Dt 28:31. c. = be turned into, ל rei, Is 29:17; = be turned back into, עַד rei, Mi 1:7. d. return, fig. of word, (1) Is 45:23, c. אֶל pers. 55:11 (both opp. יָצָא); (2) ψ 35:13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du). e. turn away, depart, of infamy Pr 25:10. f. return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., c. בְּרֹאשׁ 1 K 2:33; Ob 15 ψ 7:17, עַל־רֹאשׁ Est 9:25, ל pers. ψ 54:7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph.), Pr 12:14. g. ψ 94:15 judgment (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith). h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), -ה loc. Jos 19:12 (+ מִן loc.), v 34 (+ acc. loc.), acc. loc. also v 27, 29 (+ עַד loc.), v 29. i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1 K 13:6(×2) (אֶל pers.), leprous hand Ex 4:7 (J; c. כ comp.), flesh 2 K 5:10 (ל pers.), v 14; Lv 13:16 (‖ נֶהְפַּךְ לְלָבָן). †8. denoting repetition, etc. (Ges§ 120 d g): + vb., return (and) do = do again, Gn 26:18; 30:31; Nu 11:4 (all J), Ju 19:7; 1 S 3:5, 6; 1 K 13:33; 19:6; 2 K 1:11, 13; 19:9; 21:3 = 2 Ch 33:3; Je 18:4; 36:28; Zc 5:1; 6:1; Mal 1:4; Jb 10:16; 17:10 ψ 7:13; Dn 9:25, perhaps also 2 Ch 19:4; cf. Is 6:13 = it, in turn, shall be destroyed (destruction shall be repeated in its case), La 3:3 appar. = do repeatedly; שׁ׳ + Inf. abs. Ec 4:1, 7; 9:11; in compar. עוֹד תָּשׁוּב תִּרְאֶה Ez 8:6 thou shalt see yet greater abominations, so v 13 and (מִן comp.) v 15; שׁ׳ + Inf. cstr. Dt 24:4; 30:9; Jos 5:2 (RD), Je 36:28; Ez 8:17; Ezr 9:14; Ne 9:28; Jb 7:7; Ec 1:7: = reverse one’s action, + vb. Jos 2:23 (E), Ho 2:11; 2 K 13:25; Dt 30:3; Mi 7:19; Zc 8:15 ψ 71:20(×2); 85:7; = restore to original condition by doing, + vb. Dt 23:14. 9. trans., peculiarly, in phr. שׁ׳ שְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., c. 21 times (v. שְׁבוּת sub שָׁבָה); שׁ׳ י׳ צִיּוֹן Is 52:8, שׁ׳ c. sf. pers. ψ 85:5; elsewhere only וְשָׁב י׳ אֶת־גְּאוֹן יַעֲקֹב וגו׳ Na 2:3, cf. Hiph. 9. †Pōʿl. 1. bring back, Pf. 1 s. וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, c. acc. pers. + אֶל loc. Je 50:19 (י׳ subj.), Inf. cstr. sf. בְּשׁוֹבְבִי, c. מִן loc. Ez 39:27 and (fig.) לְשׁוֹבֵב, c. אֶל pers. Is 49:5; Impf. 2 ms. תְּשׁוֹבֵב לָנוּ ψ 60:3 = take us back into power. 2. a. fig. restore, refresh, 3 ms. נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֹבֵב ψ 23:3 (י׳ subj.); cf. Hiph. 2 b. b. restore, repair, Pt. מְשׁוֹבֵב נְתִיבוֹח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Is 58:12. 3. lead away (enticingly), Pf. 1 s. sf. (of Gog), י׳ subj., וְשׁוֹבַבְתִּיךָ Ez 38:4 (del. Co), וְשֹׁ׳ 39:2; so fig. 3 fs. sf. וְדַעְתֵּךְ הִיא שׁוֹבְבָ֑תֶךְ Is 47:10 (of Bab.);—Je 50:6 v. Qal. 4. shew turning = apostatize (cf. Hiph. 8), Pf. 3 fs. שׁוֹבְבָה Je 8:5 (read שׁוֹבֵב, and del. ירושׁלם, c. 𝔊).—Vid. also שׁוֹבֵב infra. †Puʿl. Pt. f. מְשׁוֹבֶ֫בֶת Ez 38:8 a land restored + מִן rei.—Vid. also שׁוֹבָב infra. Hiph.353 Pf. 3 ms. Gn 41:13 +; sf. וַהֲשִׁיבְךָ 40:13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ Dt 28:68; 2 ms. הֱשִׁיבוֹתָ ψ 85:4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ Dt 4:39; 30:1, sf. וַהֲשֵׁיבוֹתָם 2 Ch 6:25; 1 s. consec. וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֹתִי Am 1:8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י Nu 22:8 +, sf. וְהוֹשְׁבוֹתִים Zc 10:6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֹתִים, v. ישׁב Hiph.), etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָשִׁיב Ex 21:34 +, (read יָשִׁב Dn 11:18, 19 > Qr v 18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב Gn 20:14 +; sf. יְשִׁבֵנִי 2 S 15:8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2 Ch 19:4 + 1 S 12:8 Vrss We Dr al.; 3 fpl. תָּשֵׁבְנָה Jb 20:10, etc.; Imv. ms. הָשֵׁב Gn 20:7 +, הָשֵׁיב 2 K 8:6, הָשַׁ֑ב Is 42:22, so הָשַׁ֖ב Ez 21:35 (v. Ke and still Toy; Ew Sm Krae Inf. abs. הָשֵׁב), הָשִׁיבָה Ju 11:13 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הָשֵׁב Ex 23:4 +; cstr. הָשִׁיב Gn 42:35 +, etc.; Pt. מֵשִׁיב 20:7 +, etc.;—cause to return, bring back: 1. a. c. acc. pers. + אֶל loc. Gn 24:5 (J; הֶהָשֵׁב אָשִׁיב), 28:15 (J), 42:37 (E), 48:21 (E), +; especially from exile 1 K 8:34 = 2 Ch 6:25; Je 27:22 + 5 times Je; + אֶל pers. 1 K 22:26 = 2 Ch 18:25; + עַל loc. Je 16:15; 23:3; 24:6; + ל loc. 12:15; + acc. loc. 2 S 15:8 (read הָשֵׁב יְשִׁבֵנִי Vrss Th We Dr al.), Dt 28:68; Ez 29:14; 47:6; 2 Ch 33:13, etc.; + מִן loc. Je 41:16; Zc 10:10, מֵאֵת pers. Je 41:16, מִן inf. 2 Ch 25:13; acc. pers. only Ju 19:3; 1 K 13:20, 23 +; bring back into bondage, etc., Je 34:11, 16; = allow to return 15:19; acc. pers. + rei (= recover, recapture), 28:6 (+ אֶל loc., מִן loc.); = recover, rescue, Gn 14:16 (acc. pers. + rei), ψ 35:17 (acc. נַפְשִׁי, מִן rei); acc. rei + אֶל pers. Gn 44:8 (J), + עַל pers. Ex 15:9 (song), Pr 20:26; + אֶל loc. 1 K 14:28 = 2 Ch 12:11; Je 28:3; 2 Ch 24:11; acc. of hand, אֶל־פֶּה 1 S 14:27; Pr 19:24 26:15; especially of י׳’s hand, in judgment, sq. עַל Am 1:8; Is 1:25; Zc 13:7 ψ 81:15, also of man’s hand Je 6:9; Ez 38:12; + acc. loc. 2 S 15:25, 29; + שָׁם Ne 13:9; acc. rei alone Gn 43:12, 21 (both בְּיֶדְכֶם), 14:16 (= recapture), 1 S 6:21; 30:19; 1 K 13:29 (corpse), Lv 26:26 (H); c. acc. animal. 1 S 6:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי), Ez 34:4, 16 (fig.); shadow on dial 2 K 20:11 = Is 38:8.—Jb 39:12 v. Qal 3 b. b. put back: acc. rei, stone, עַל־פִּי הַבְּאֵר Gn 29:3 (J), veil עַל־פָּנָיו Ex 34:35 (P), Dagon לִמְקוֹמוֹ 1 S 5:3, rod לִפְנֵי הָעֵדוּת Nu 17:25 (P), sword, + אֶל of sheath, 1 Ch 21:27; Ez 21:35 (acc. om.); hand אֶל־חֵיק Ex 4:7(×2) (J; opp. הוֹצִיא). c. = draw back, hand Gn 38:29 (J), 1 K 13:4 (opp. שָׁלַח; + אֶל reflex.), Jos 8:26 (E; opp. נטה), so fig., י׳ subj. La 2:3 (מִפְּנֵי, אָחוֹר), ψ 74:11; c. מִן = refrain from La 2:8; Ex 18:8, 17 (i.e. from oppressing), 20:22 (מִן om.); foot, c. מִן Is 58:13 (fig.); draw in breath Jb 9:18. d. = give back, restore, acc. pers. vel rei: + ל pers. Gn 20:14 (E), v 7 (E; acc. om.), Ex 23:4 (E; הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב), Dt 22:1 (id.; both acc. animal.), 24:13 (id.), Ex 22:25 (E), Ju 17:3(×2), 4; 1 S 12:3; 2 S 9:7; Dt 22:2 (P), Ne 5:11, so 2 S 16:3; 1 K 12:21 = 2 Ch 11:1 (all acc. of kingdom), c. acc. צְדָקָה Jb 33:26; + אֶל pers. Gn 37:22 (E; acc. pers.); + אֶל loc. 42:25 (E); acc. rei only, 2 K 8:6; Ez 18:7 (read Inf. abs. שׁוֹב for חוֹב, Co Toy Krae), 18:12; 33:15; Lv 5:23 (P), Nu 5:7 (P; + בְּרֹאשׁוֹ = in full), ψ 69:5 (opp. גָּזַל), so of land (or city) Ju 11:13; 1 K 20:34; Ne 5:12, cf. 2 K 14:28 (+ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל), 16:6 (+ לַאֲרָם); = win back 2 K 13:25; 14:22 (+ ל terr.) = 2 Ch 26:2, boundary (i.e. re-establish it) 2 K 14:25; restore ruined city Dn 9:25 (+ לִבְנוֹת), conquered nation ψ 80:4, 8, 20; joy, acc. + ל pers. ψ 51:14.—2 S 8:3 v. יָד 2.—Acc. pers. only, Gn 20:7 (E), Is 42:22; restore to office, acc. pers. + עַל Gn 40:13, 21 (E), אֶל loc. 2 S 19:12, acc. pers. only, 2 S 19:11, 13, 44, cf. Is 1:26; = pay back money, Lv 25:27 (ל pers.), v 51, 52. e. = relinquish, c. acc. rei, Jb 20:10. f. = give in payment, requital, c. acc. rei + appos. 1 S 6:8 (ל pers.), v 17 (id.; cf. טְחוֹר); also pay as tribute (in answer to demand), acc. rei 2 K 17:3 ψ 72:10, + ל pers. 2 K 3:4; 2 Ch 27:5; give in exchange Ez 27:15. g. bring one back (from dead) 2 S 12:23, so c. מִנִּי Jb 33:30; on other hand, אֶל־עָפָר Jb 10:9 = מָוֶת (acc.) 30:23, cf. עַד־דַּכָּא ψ 90:3. †2. a. bring back heart, לֵב, עַל pers. Mal 3:24; הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ י׳ אֵלֶיךָ La 5:21 (restore, del. אליך); הֵשִׁיב אֶל־י׳ Ne 9:26 (cf. v 29), 2 Ch 19:4; 24:19, also (מִן of evil) Je 23:22, abs. 31:18. b. acc. נֶפֶשׁ = refresh La 1:11, 16, 19 ψ 19:8 Pr 25:13; Ru 4:15. 3. bring back words of people, אֶל־י׳ Ex 19:8 (E); then, in gen., bring back word, דָּבָר, report to, + acc. pers. Gn 37:14; Nu 13:26; 22:8 (all E), Dt 1:22, 25; Jos 14:7 (RD), 22:32 (P), + 8 times; = answer 1 S 17:30; 2 S 3:11; 1 K 12:6 = 2 Ch 10:6 + 6 times, + (acc. מִלִּין) Jb 35:4; also (דָּבָר om.) Jb 13:22; 20:2; 33:5, 32; 2 Ch 10:16; Ne 6:4 (כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה); acc. אֲמָרִים + ל pers. Ju 5:29; Pr 22:21; later c. ל pers. alone 1 S 12:3; c. cl. orat. recta, אֶל pers. Est 4:13, 15; similar phrases, Ez 9:11; Pr 18:13; 24:26; 26:16; Hb 2:1; Jb 31:14; 32:14 (Gi v 15), 40:4. 4. a. bring back (in retribution), cf. Qal 7 f) upon, subj. often י׳, acc. of evil, Ju 9:56, בְּרֹאשׁ Ju 9:57; 1 S 25:39; 1 K 2:44; Jo 4:4, 7, עַל־רֹאשׁ 1 K 2:32, אֶל־רֹאשׁ Ne 3:36; ל pers. Gn 50:15 (E), 1 S 6:3 (הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיבוּ), v 4 25:21 (return evil for good), +, etc.; abs. = make requital, ל pers. 2 Ch 6:23 + (כ comp.) Ho 12:3; Pr 24:12, 29; †c. acc. of good, ל pers. 1 S 26:23; 2 S 16:12; Zc 9:12; c. כ comp. + ל pers. ψ 18:21, 25 = 2 S 22:21, 25, and (כ comp. only) 2 Ch 32:25; requite י׳’s benefits, acc. rei + לי׳ ψ 116:12, cf. Nu 18:9 (P). b. pay as recompense, כֶּסֶף יָשׁ׳ לִבְעָלָיו Ex 21:34 (E); so (fig.) of י׳, הֵשׁ׳ נָקָם לְ Dt 32:41, 43, לְהָשׁ׳ בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֹ Is 66:15. 5. turn back, backward = repel, defeat, c. אֶת־פְּנֵי 2 K 18:24 = Is 36:9, acc. מִלְחָמָה Is 28:6, acc. of sword ψ 89:44, acc. pers. + אָחוֹר ψ 44:11 (+ מִנִּי pers.), Is 44:25 (fig., = refute, confute), fig. of calamity La 1:13; = repulse, hinder Je 2:24, especially acc. Is 14:27 (יַד־י׳), cf. 43:13, Jb 9:12; 11:10; 23:13; = reject, refuse, (אֶת־)פְּנֵי פ׳ 1 K 2:16, 17, 20(×2) 2 Ch 6:42 ψ 132:10. †6. a. turn away face, fig., + מֵעַל rei Ez 14:6; acc. pers. + מִן rei Mal 2:6; anger of י׳ (acc.) + מֵעַל pers. Nu 25:11 (P), Pr 24:18, מִן pers. Je 18:20 Ezr 10:14; acc. only, Jb 9:13 ψ 78:38; 106:23; acc. of human anger Pr 15:1; 29:8. b. late, turn toward, acc. face, ל loc. Dn 11:18, 19, acc. foot, אֶל rei ψ 119:59 (fig.). †7. turn against, אֶל־אֵל, c. acc. רוּחֶ֑ךָ Jb 15:13. 8. לֵב, הֵשׁ׳ אֶל־לֵבָב bring back to mind, take into consideration, c. acc. La 3:21, sq. cl. with כִּ׳ Dt 4:39 (cf. Dr), obj. om. 30:1; 1 K 8:47 = 2 Ch 6:37, Is 44:19, + (עַל) 46:8. 9. הֵשִׁיב אֶת־שְׁבוּת פ׳ Je 32:44; 33:7, 11; 49:6; La 2:14; Ez 39:25 + (Qr Hiph., Kt Qal) Je 33:26; 49:39; Jo 4:1 (v. Qal 9). †10. Hiph. declar., הָשׁ׳ מֵעַל Ez 14:6 = shew a turning away from your idols (i.e. turn away), cf. (מִן) 18:30, abs. הָשׁ׳ וִחְיוּ v 32; of י׳, השׁ׳ מֵחֲרוֹן אַפֶּ֑ךָ ψ 85:4 (but read prob. הֲשִׁיבוֹתָה חֲרוֹן א׳ [6 a supra]); perhaps in physical sense Jon 1:13 (אֶל loc.; We Now sc. אֳנִיָּה, etc.). †11. reverse, revoke, acc. (sf.) rei, i.e. judgment, Am 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1, 4, 6; blessing Nu 23:20 (poem in E), edict Est 8:5, 8. †Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. הוּשֵׁב Gn 42:28 my money has been returned! cf. Pt. הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּשָׁב 43:12 (both J); הַמּ׳ לי׳ Nu 5:8 (P) the אָשָׁם which is restored to י׳; pl. מוּשָׁבִים Je 27:16 the vessels are about to be brought back, c. מִן" dir="rtl" >מִן loc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיּוּשַׁב אֶת־מֹשֶׁה Ex 10:8 (J; cf. Ges§ 121 a, b) Moses was brought back, c. אֶל pers.

ὑποστρέφω, turn round about or back, ἵππους Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ κισσὸς.. Βακχίαν ὑποστρέφων ἅμιλλαν bringing back the Bacchic struggle, i. e. the swift and eager dance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 roll up, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 passive, revolve beneath, τινι Refs 4th c.BC+ __II intransitive, turn about, especially of persons flying or retreating, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, αὖτις ὑποστρεφθείς Refs 8th c.BC+; -στρᾰφείς Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 generally, return, αὖτις ὑ. Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπὶ ζήτησινRefs 3rd c.AD+; in future middle, οὐ μὲν γάρ τί σ᾽ ὑποστρέψεσθαι ὀΐω Refs 8th c.BC+; of a disease, return, recur, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 turn away, and so elude an attack, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically in middle, with infinitive, refuse, τὸν ἀΐδιον ἐπιγινώσκειν Θεὸν ὑπεστρέφοντο (i.e. οἱ Βλέμυες) Refs 6th c.AD+ __II.4 ὑποστρέψαντες reversely, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 retract the accent, Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἀναστρέφω, poetry ἀνστρέφω, perfect ἀνέστροφα variant in Refs, 3rd.pers.plural ἀνέστροφανRefs 3rd c.BC+:—turn upside down, μήπως.. δίφρους ἀνστρέψειαν might upset them, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὴν ζοήν Cerc.[same place]; ἀ. καρδίαν upset the stomach, i.e. cause sickness, Refs 5th c.BC+; reverse, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future ἀναστραφήσεσθαι τὰ τῆς Ἑλλάδος πράγματαRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἀνεστράφθαι τῆς πολιτείαςRefs; ὄρος ἀνεστραμμένον ἐν τῇ ζητήσει turned up by digging, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 invert order of words or statements, Refs 4th c.BC+ —also in passive, with reference to ἐπαναστροφήRefs __3 ={ἀρνεῖσθαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II turn back, Refs; bring back, τινὰ ἐξ ἍιδουRefs 5th c.BC+; ὄμμ᾽ ἀ. κύκλῳ to roll it about, Refs __II.2 intransitive, turn back, retire, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in participle, ἀναστρέψας ἀπήλαυνεν Refs; but also, rally, of troops, Refs 5th c.BC+ —ἀναστρέφον, τό, see. a)nakukliko/s. __III in Grammars, write with anastrophe, as πέρι for περί, Refs,66:—passive, Refs __III.2 in Mathematics texts, ἀναστρέψαντι convertendo, Refs 3rd c.BC+; so in Logic, οἱ ἀντιστρέφοντες οὐχ οἱ ἀναστρέφοντες ἀλλήλοις λόγοι συναληθεύονταιRefs 2nd c.AD+ __B passive, see above Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II dwell in a place, ἀλλά τιν᾽ ἄλλην γαῖαν ἀναστρέφομαι go to a place and dwell there, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν φανερῷ, ἐν μέσῳ, go about in public, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἐν ξυμμαχίᾳ continue in an alliance, Refs 5th c.BC+to be engaged in.., Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἀ. ἔν τινι dwell upon, in writing, Refs 2nd c.AD+: generally, conduct oneself, behave, ὡς δεστότηςRefs 5th c.BC+; θρασέως, ἀχαρίστως καὶ ἀσεβῶς εἴς τινα, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὡς τὰ παιδίαNT+1st c.AD+ __B.II.2 revolve, like the sun in the heavens, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III of soldiers, face about, rally, Refs __B.III.2 to be reversed or inverted, ἐμοὶ τοῦτ᾽ ἀνέστραπταιRefs 4th c.BC+ __B.III.3 return, Refs 5th c.BC+; retreat, Refs 4th c.BC+

† [תּוּב] vb. return (𝔗 Syriac; BH שׁוּב);— Pe. Impf. 3 ms. יְתוּב, c. עַל pers., of brightness (זִיו) of face Dn 4:33b, of knowledge v 31, 33a. Haph. Pf. 3 ms. הֲתִיב Dn 2:14; 3 mpl. sf. הֲתִיבוּנָא Ezr 5:11; Impf. 3 mpl. יַהֲתִיבוּן 6:5, יְתִיבוּן (K§ 33, 2) 5:5; Inf. sf. לַהֲתָבוּתָךְ Dn 3:16;— 1. restore, acc. rei Ezr 6:5. 2. return (acc. of answer, etc.) 5:5, 11; Dn 3:16 (sf. pers.), הֲת׳ עֵטָא וּטְעֵם 2:14.

προβαίνω, future -βήσομαι: perfect -βέβηκα: aorist 2 προὔβην, imperative πρόβᾱ, Refs 5th c.BC+, plural πρόβᾱτε Refs 8th c.BC+perfect and present participle προβιβάς (as if from βίβημἰ, Refs 8th c.BC+; imperative προβιβάσθων Refs 5th c.AD+; participle προβάοντε, read by Refs 8th c.BC+:— step forward, advance, κραιπνά, κοῦφα ποσὶ προβιβάς, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸν δ᾽ ὦκα προβιβάντα (-βιβῶντα codices) πόδες φέρον Refs; ὑπασπίδια προβιβάντι (-βιβῶντι codices) Refs 8th c.BC+; μέγα π. take a big stride forward, Refs 5th c.BC+ __b of hair, grow, Refs 4th c.AD+ __2 as a mark of Time, ἄστρα προβέβηκε they are far gone in heaven, i.e. it is past midnight. Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡ νὺξ π. the night is wearing fast, Refs 5th c.BC+ as time went on, Refs 5th c.BC+; also τὰ μὲν προβέβηκεν the past, Refs 6th c.BC+; προβαίνοντος τοῦ ἔργου, τοῦ πολέμου, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκ τοῦ προβεβηκότος, e re nata, on the spur of the moment, Refs 5th c.BC+; of persons, οἱ προβεβηκότες τῇ ἡλικίᾳ advanced in age, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τῶν ἡμερῶν, ταῖς ἡμέραις, LXX+5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically of narrative, argument, action, events, μὴ πέρα προβῇς λόγου Refs 5th c.BC+; προβάς φησιν.. further on, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἐκ τῶν κνημέων ἐς τοὺς μηρούς went on.., Refs 5th c.BC+; προέβαινε τὸ ἔθνος ἄρχον καὶ ἐπιτροπεῦον the nation was organized in a series of overlordships and mandates, Refs 5th c.BC+ it has gone so far that..,Refs 5th c.BC+; π. πόρρω μοχθηρίας to be far gone in knavery, Refs 5th c.BC+: in good sense, make progress, τοσοῦτον προβεβήκαμεν ὥστε.. Refs 5th c.BC+; of an enterprise, prosper, succeed, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II go before, i.e. be superior to, another, πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων σῷ θάρσει Refs 8th c.BC+; δυνάμει τε καὶ αἰδοῖ Τρηχῖνος προβέβηκε by might and awe he is over, i.e. rules, Trachis, Refs 8th c.BC+ __III with accusative of things, overstep, τέρμα προβάς Refs __IV with accusative of the instrum. of motion, πόδα π. Refs 6th c.BC+; προβεβήκασι τὰ ἀριστερά have their left legs foremost (variant{προβεβλήκασι}, see at {προβάλλω} Refs 8th c.BC+ __V Causal, in future active, move forward, advance, τίς τρόπος ἄνδρα προβάσει [ᾱ]; Refs 5th c.BC+

ἀνακάμπ-τω, bend convexly, Refs 4th c.BC+; bend back, τῷ δ᾽ οὐ πάλιν θυμὸς ἀνεκάμπτετ᾽Refs 5th c.BC+ __II make to return, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 mostly intransitive, bend back, return, ταύτῃ λῆγον ἀ. ἐς τὰ εἴρηται τὸ ὄροςRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.b walk up and down, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2.c in Logic, of the terms of a proposition, to be converted, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2.d ἀνακάμπτων, name of a throw of the dice, Refs 4th c.BC+

ἐπαν-άγω [ᾰγ], bring up: hence, __1 stir up, excite, τὸν θυμόν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 exalt, elevate, εἰς ἡρωϊκὴν ἐπανῆκται τάξιν Refs 4th c.BC+ __II bring up, πρὸς τὸ φῶς Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 lead or draw back, τὸ στρατόπεδον ἐς τὴν εὐρυχωρίαν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 bring back, τινὰ εἰς τὸν περὶ τοῦ πράγματος λόγον Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἐλευθερίαν τὰ πράγματα variant in Refs 4th c.BC+; restore, τὰς αἱρέσεις τῶν ἱερέων εἰς τὸν δῆμον Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὰ ἀδικήματα εἰς τὰ κοινὰ δικαστήρια ἐ. refer them to.., Refs 5th c.BC+; but τῷ Δὶ ἐ. make acknowledgements to Zeus, Refs:—passive, to be referred back, ἐπαναγέσθω πάλιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας Refs 4th c.BC+; to be restored, ἐπὶ ἀρχὰς καὶ στρατηγίας Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 ἐ. ἐπί τι lead to, entail, ἐπ᾽ ἀλγοῦν Refs 4th c.BC+ __III intransitive, withdraw, retreat, Refs 5th c.BC+; revert, ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχήν Refs 2nd c.BC+; recur, in argument, ὅθεν ἐξέβην Refs 4th c.AD+; return, ἐπὶ ὕψιστον LXX; turn back, ἀπὸ δικαιοσύνης εἰς ἁμαρτίαν Refs __III.2 ἐ. τῷ σώματι recover one's health, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __IV put out to sea, τὸ κέρας ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, put to sea against, τινί Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπανάγεσθαι ταῖς ναυσί with one's ships, Refs 5th c.BC+; sail up the Nile, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __V passive, also, to be carried to a place, ἐπαναχθέντας Refs 5th c.BC+

ἑλίσσω or ἐλίσσω (the latter more frequently in codices of Refs 8th c.BC+, Attic dialect ἑλίττω, Epic dialect infinitive -έμενRefs 8th c.BC+; Ionic dialect εἰλίσσω or εἱλίσσω (εἱ. is found in codices of Refs 5th c.BC+: future ἑλίξω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist εἴλιξα Refs 5th c.BC+ codices, but κατ-ειλίξας Refs; participle ἑλίξας Refs 8th c.BC+, Ionic dialect εἰλίξας Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, Refs 8th c.BC+: future ἑλίξομαι Refs: aorist ἑλιξάμην Refs:—passive,future ἑλιγήσομαι LXX: aorist 1 εἱλίχθην Refs 5th c.BC+; participle ἑλιχθείς Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect εἵλιγμαι Refs 8th c.BC+: pluperfect εἵλικτο Refs 5th c.BC+; Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural εἱλίχατο Refs 5th c.BC+ —The _Ionic dialect_ form is found in Trag. (see. below, codices usually εἱλ-; but τ᾽ εἰ.Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπειλίξας is falsa lectio in Refs 4th c.BC+:—turn round or about: active in Refs 8th c.BC+ always of turning a chariot round the doublingpost, οἶσθα γὰρ εὖ περὶ τέρματ᾽ ἐλισσέμεν [ἵππους] Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 generally, roll, ἑ. βίου πόρον roll life's stream along, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the chariot of Day, αἰθὴρ κοινὸν φάος εἱλίσσων Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰ. κόνιν roll the eddying dust, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἑ. δίνας, of the Euripus, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑ. κόρας, βλέφαρα, Refs __3 of any rapid motion, ἅλιον.. ἑ. πλάταν ply it swiflly, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the dance, ἑ. πόδα move the swift foot, conjecture in Refs 5th c.BC+; εἱ. θιάσους lead the dancing bands, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, dance, Refs 5th c.BC+ dance in honour of.., Refs; ἑ. βωμόν dance round it, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 roll or wind round, πλόκαμον περὶ ἄτρακτον Refs 5th c.BC+; λίνον ἠλακάτᾳ δακτύλοις ἑ. Refs 5th c.BC+; χεῖρας ἀμφὶ γόνυ ἑ. clasp them round.., Refs __5 metaphorically, turn in one's mind, revolve, τοιαῦθ᾽ ἑ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑ. κακοὺς λόγους speak wily words, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 κόλπους ἑ. form winding reaches, of rivers, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II middle and passive, turn oneself round or about (but in Refs 8th c.BC+ rallied his comrades), ἑλιχθέντων ὑπ᾽ Ἀχαιῶν when they turned to face the foe, Refs; so of a wild boar, ἑλιξάμενος having turned to bay, Refs; of a serpent, coil himself, ἑλισσόμενος περὶ χειῇ Refs; ἡ δέ τ᾽ ἐλισσομένη πέτεται (i.e. καλαῦροψ) the shepherd's staff flies spinning through the air, Refs; κνίση.. ἑλισσομένη περὶ καπνῷ rolling with the smoke, Refs; ἑλισσόμενοι περὶ δίνας whirled round in the eddies, Refs; of a river, δίνῃς ἀργυρέῃς εἱλιγμένος Refs 8th c.BC+; of the waves, τὸ ἑλισσόμενον αἰεὶ κυμάτων Refs 5th c.BC+; of ocean, ἑλίσσεσθαι περὶ πᾶσαν χθόνα Refs 4th c.BC+; ὧραι ἑλισσόμεναι the circling hours, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 turn hither and thither, go about, ἀν᾽ ὅμιλον Refs 8th c.BC+; ἑλίσσετο ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα turned himself hither and thither, doubting what to do, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, to be constantly in or about a thing, περὶ φύσας Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔν τινι, εἴς τι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 whirl in the dance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 middle in active sense, ἧκε δέ μιν σφαιρηδὸν ἑλιξάμενος he threw it with a whirl like a ball, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.6 τὰς κεφαλὰς εἱλίχατο μίτρῃσι have their heads rolled round with turbans, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἐπαν-έρχομαι, go back, return, ἐκ ποταμοῦ Refs 6th c.BC+; ἐς τὴν ΚόρινθονRefs; in writing or speaking, go back or return to a point, ἐκεῖσε δὴ᾽ πάνελθε, πῶς.. Refs 5th c.BC+refer to.., Refs __b recur, of intermittent fevers, etc., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 with accusative of things, return to, recapitulate, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II go up, ascend, εἰς ὄρη Refsto have gone up, passed over, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 rise up Refs 5th c.BC+

† [אָבַךְ] vb. turn (?) (cf. Assyrian abâku DlW = הָפַךְ; Thes MV al. compare בוך) Hithp. וַיִּתְאַבְּכוּ Is 9:17, roll, roll up, as volume of smoke (of Isr. under fig. of thickets of forest) v. De & cf. הִתִהַפֵּךְ Ju 7:3.