Number Four

I. אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה n.m. et f. four (NH = BH; MI8 ארבען = 40; Ph. ארבע, Pun. ארבעת, four; so Assyrian arbaʾu (rarely irbaʾ), irbitti; Arabic أَرْبَعٌ, أَرْبَعَةٌ; Sab. ארבעת CISiv, no. 232. 2 HomChrest. 47; Ethiopic አርባዕ, አርባዕቱ Aramaic אַרְבַּע, אַרְבְּעָה, ܐܰܪܒܰܥ, ܐܰܪܒܥܳܐ; Nab. ארבע, Palm. ארבע, ארבעא, Lzb367);—m.148 (c. n.f.) אַרְבַּע (abs. vel cstr.) Ex 21:37 +; also אַרְבַּ֑ע Lv 11:20 +; note (Baer Gi) Jos 21:18 + 6 times Jos 21 (van d. H. אַרְבָּ֑ע); in Pr 30:18 read f. with Qr; f. (c. n.m.) abs. אַרְבָּעָה Gn 2:10 + 125 times + Pr 30:18 (v. supr.); cstr. אַרְבַּעַת 1 S 4:2 + 29 times, incl. Ez 7:2 (but read m. Kt); sf. אַרְבַּעְתָּם Ez 1:8 + 5 times Ez, אַרְבַּעְתָּן 1:10, 10 (but read prob. -תָּם, Krae), v 16, 18; du. אַרְּבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2 S 12:6, v. 1 d; pl. אַרְבָּעִים = 40, v. infr.;—four (in Hex 108 times, chiefly P, 98 times; Ez 52 times, Ch 47 times):— 1. without other num.: a. אַרְבַּע (1) before n.fpl. Je 15:3; Ex 25:12 (P) + 101 times, incl. א׳ אַמּוֹת Dt 3:11 + 5 times (but also †א׳ בַּאַמָּה four (in) cubit(s) Ex 26:2, 8; 36:9 1 K 7:27(×2), 38), and א׳ מֵאוֹת = 400 Gn 11:13 + 55 times (2) א׳ bef. du. רַנְלָ֑יִם Lv 11:23, רַגְלָיו Ex 25:26. †(3) bef. collective, א׳ צֹאן Ex 21:37 (E); א׳ רִבּוֹא = 40,000 Ezr 2:64 = Ne 7:66. †(4) rare and late, after n.fpl. עָרִים א׳ Jos 19:7 (P); after n. fs. cstr. בִּשְׁנַת א׳ לְ 1 K 22:41; Zc 7:1; 2 Ch 3:2.—קִרְיַת א׳, v. this, and ii. אַרְבַּע infr. †(5) n. om. Ez 43:15b Pr 30:15, 18 (Kt, v. supr.), v 21 Dn 8:8, 22; עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע (sc. רגלים) = on all fours Lv 11:20, 21, 27, 42. b. אַרְבַּעַה (1) bef. n. mpl. Gn 2:10 (J), 14:9 Ex 25:34 + 21 times, + יָמִים (וְ)א׳ חֳדשִׁים Ju 19:2; 1 S 27:7; also א׳ א׳ פָנִים distrib. Ez 10:21. †(2) late, after n. mpl. 1 Ch 23:10. (3) n. om., Am 1:3, 6, 9 + 15 times, + (as pred. of n. mpl.) †Ex 27:16(×2); 38:19(×2); also בְּא׳, (sc. יוֹם) †Zc 7:1 = ordinal, on the fourth (day). c. אַרְבַּ֫עַת (1) bef. n. mpl. Ju 11:40 1 K 7:32 + 11 times (not Ez 7:2, v. supr.), + א׳ אֲלָפִים = 4000, 1 S 4:2 + 14 times †(2) bef. coll. הַבָּקָר Nu 7:7. †(3) n. om. 2 S 21:22. †(4) c. sf., after n. pl., = the four of them, Ez 1:8, 10(×3) + 6 times Ez, Dn 1:17 these boys, the four of them. d. adv. אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2 S 12:6 = four-fold Ges§ 97 h Köii. 1, 227, but read שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr Kmp Bu HPS. 2. with other num.: a. (I) אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה = 14, (α) before n. fs., א׳ ע׳ שָׁנָה Gn 31:41, + (as ordinal, = 14th) 14:5; 2 K 18:13 = Is 36:1, Ez 40:1. (β) after n. fpl. עָרִים א׳ ע׳ Jos 15:36 + 8 times, נָשִׁים א׳ ע׳ 2 Ch 13:21. (2) אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר = 14, (α) before n. ms. Nu 17:14 (14 × 1000), Jb 42:12; especially. (as ord.) א׳ ע׳ יוֹם 14th day Ex 12:6, 18 + 7 times (β) bef. n. mpl. Nu 29:15. (γ) after n. mpl. Nu 29:13, 17 + 6 times (δ) after n. ms. Est 9:15, 19, 21, all = 14th. (ε) א׳ ע׳ pred. of נֶפֶשׁ Gn 46:22. (ζ) א׳ ע׳ = 14th (sc. day) Lv 23:15; 2 Ch 30:15 + 6 times b. 20 + (וְ) 4 + n. s. 1 K 15:33; 1 Ch 23:4 + 13 times 1 Ch 27; + n. pl. †Nu 7:88; n. om. 2 S 21:20, pred. ‖ 1 Ch 20:6; Ne 7:23; 4 + 20 + n. s. Nu 25:9; = 24th, יוֹם ע׳ וְא׳ Hg 1:15; 2:18; Zc 1:7; Ne 9:1; Dn 10:4, יוֹם om. Hg 2:10, 20, and (א׳ וְע׳) 1 Ch 24:18; 25:31†. c. other tens + 4, 1 Ch 7:7; 5:18 (+ n. s.), Ezr 2:15 + 7 times; 4 + tens + שָׁנָה Gn 11:16, + אֶלֶף 1000 Nu 1:27, 29; 2:4, 6; 26:25, 43.—Vid. Köii. 1, § 106.

τέσσᾰρες, οἱ, αἱ, τέσσαρα, τά, genitive ων: dative τέσσαρσι (ν) NT+5th c.BC+; poetry τέτρᾰσι Refs 8th c.BC+, and in late Prose, as LXX+1st c.BC+, variant in NT, and in good codices of Refs 4th c.BC+:—Attic dialect τέττᾰρες, τέττᾰρα, dative τέτταρσιν Refs 5th c.BC+; also τάρων (see. τάρες) for τεττάρω; Phocian dative τεττάροις Refs 2nd c.BC+:—Ionic dialect and later Gr. τέσσερες, τέσσερα, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc. (dative τέσσερσι LXX+8th c.BC+; since however τέσσερα(ς) and τεσσεράκοντα, apart from Ionic dialect, are not common in Papyri before 2nd c.AD, the LXX autographs probably had τέσσαρα(ς) and τεσσαράκοντ; the form τέσσερα(ς) is here due to avoidance by the copyists of the sequence ε-α-α:—Doric dialect τέτορες, τέτορα, Refs 8th c.BC+ —Epic dialect (probably _Aeolic dialect_) πίσῠρες [ῐ] Refs 8th c.BC+; genitive πισύρων Refs 5th c.AD+; dative πισύρεσσι, πισύροισι, -ῃσι, -αις, Refs 4th c.AD+: Aeolic dialect also πέσῠρες, neuter πέσῠρα Refs; and πέσσῠρες, πέσσῠρα, Refs 5th c.AD+:—Boeotian dialect πέττᾰρες, α (which see):—four, Refs 8th c.BC+; διὰ τεττάρων the musical interval of the fourth, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ τέσσαρα the four simple bodies of Empedocles, Refs 3rd c.AD+; the four kinds of quality or four Aristotelian senses of ποιόν, Refs; the four cardinal principles of Epicurus (compare τετραφάρμακος), Refs 1st c.BC+. (Cf. Sanskrit catvā´ras (accusative catúras), Latin quattuor, Lithuanian keturì, etc.: I.-Refs 5th c.BC+ q[uglide]et[uglide]or-.)

† [רָבַע] vb.denom., only Pt. pass. squared, square;— Qal Pt. pass. רָבוּעַ square, of altar Ex 27:1; 30:2; 37:25; 38:1, cf. Ez 43:16; breastplate 30:2; 39:9; pl. רְבֻעִים, of doorways, etc. [on text v. Kit Benz] 1 K 7:5; fs. רְבֻעָה as subst. = a square Ez 41:21 (acc. Co Toy, om. מְזוּזַה, and joining ר׳ to v 20; Krae reads מְזוּזֹת רְבֻעֹת, cf. 1 K 6:33, רְבִיעִי 2). Pu. Pt. square, מְרֻבַּע Ez 45:2, of piece of land; fs. מְרֻבָּ֑עַת 40:47, of court; fpl. מְרֻבָּעוֹת 1 K 7:31 (opp. עֲגֻלּוֹת), of borders of bases (cf. Sab. רבעתם, a kind of square building, Sab-Denkm 31).

† אַרְבַּע, אַרְבְּעָה n.m. et f. four;— 1. m.: bef. n.fpl. Dn 7:2, 3; n.fs. א׳ מְאָה Ezr 6:17; after n.fpl. Dn 7:6; as pred. אַרְבַּ֑ע v 17. 2. f.: bef. n.m.pl. Dn 7:6, 17; after n.m.pl. 3:25.

Related to: δέκᾰ, οἱ, αἱ, τά, indeclinable, ten, Refs 8th c.BC+the Ten, Refs 5th c.BC+; also οἱ δ. the Attic dialect Orators, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὰ δέκα [ἔτη] ἀφ᾽ ἥβης those who are ten years past Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. ἄνδρες, = Latin decemviri, Refs 2nd c.AD+ δεκᾰ-είς, NT+4th c.BC+; Thess. δεκαπέμπε Refs 1st c.BC+

τεσσᾰρεσκαιδέκᾰτος, Ionic dialect τεσσερ-, η, ον, fourteenth, Refs 5th c.BC+: also τεσσᾰρασκαιδέκατος, Refs 1st c.BC+; τεττ-, Refs 2nd c.BC+; compare τεσσαρακαιδέκατος.

τετράγων-ος [ᾰ], ον, with four angles, but usually square, Refs 5th c.BC+; δοκοὶ τ. squared, Refs 5th c.BC+; ξύλα τ. Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. ἐργασία, of the Hermes-statues, Refs 5th c.BC+; κύκλος τετράγωνος ταῖς ἐπιφανείαις a ring with four surfaces, the breadth of the outer and inner equal to the depth of the two sides, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 τὸ τ. a square, Refs 5th c.BC+, and frequently in Geometry texts, but sometimes of any quadrilateral, Refs 4th c.BC+ “*Deff.” 100, Refs 5th c.AD+ __2.b in Tactics, a body of men drawn up in square, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 τ. ἀριθμός a square number, i.e. a number made up of two equal factors, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in quartile aspect, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II metaphorically, square, i.e. perfect as a square, χερσί τε καὶ ποσὶ καὶ νόῳ τετράγωνος τετυγμένος Refs 4th c.BC+ __III ἱμάτιον τ., of the χλαῖνα which hung square, while the χλαμύς took a circular form, Refs; contrasted with the ἡμικύκλιον formed by the Roman toga, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III.2 οἱ ἔμποροι καὶ οἱ τὴν τ. ἐργαζόμενοι perhaps those who trade in the ἀγορὰ τετράγωνος, Durrbach Choix d'Inscrr. de Délos Refs __IV adverb -νωςRefs 2nd c.AD+

τετρᾰ-πλόος, η, ον, contraction τετρᾰ-πλοῦς, ῆ, οῦν, fourfold, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὸ τ., ={τετραμοιρία}, NT+5th c.BC+. adverb -πλῶςLXX

I. אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה n.m. et f. four (NH = BH; MI8 ארבען = 40; Ph. ארבע, Pun. ארבעת, four; so Assyrian arbaʾu (rarely irbaʾ), irbitti; Arabic أَرْبَعٌ, أَرْبَعَةٌ; Sab. ארבעת CISiv, no. 232. 2 HomChrest. 47; Ethiopic አርባዕ, አርባዕቱ Aramaic אַרְבַּע, אַרְבְּעָה, ܐܰܪܒܰܥ, ܐܰܪܒܥܳܐ; Nab. ארבע, Palm. ארבע, ארבעא, Lzb367);—m.148 (c. n.f.) אַרְבַּע (abs. vel cstr.) Ex 21:37 +; also אַרְבַּ֑ע Lv 11:20 +; note (Baer Gi) Jos 21:18 + 6 times Jos 21 (van d. H. אַרְבָּ֑ע); in Pr 30:18 read f. with Qr; f. (c. n.m.) abs. אַרְבָּעָה Gn 2:10 + 125 times + Pr 30:18 (v. supr.); cstr. אַרְבַּעַת 1 S 4:2 + 29 times, incl. Ez 7:2 (but read m. Kt); sf. אַרְבַּעְתָּם Ez 1:8 + 5 times Ez, אַרְבַּעְתָּן 1:10, 10 (but read prob. -תָּם, Krae), v 16, 18; du. אַרְּבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2 S 12:6, v. 1 d; pl. אַרְבָּעִים = 40, v. infr.;—four (in Hex 108 times, chiefly P, 98 times; Ez 52 times, Ch 47 times):— 1. without other num.: a. אַרְבַּע (1) before n.fpl. Je 15:3; Ex 25:12 (P) + 101 times, incl. א׳ אַמּוֹת Dt 3:11 + 5 times (but also †א׳ בַּאַמָּה four (in) cubit(s) Ex 26:2, 8; 36:9 1 K 7:27(×2), 38), and א׳ מֵאוֹת = 400 Gn 11:13 + 55 times (2) א׳ bef. du. רַנְלָ֑יִם Lv 11:23, רַגְלָיו Ex 25:26. †(3) bef. collective, א׳ צֹאן Ex 21:37 (E); א׳ רִבּוֹא = 40,000 Ezr 2:64 = Ne 7:66. †(4) rare and late, after n.fpl. עָרִים א׳ Jos 19:7 (P); after n. fs. cstr. בִּשְׁנַת א׳ לְ 1 K 22:41; Zc 7:1; 2 Ch 3:2.—קִרְיַת א׳, v. this, and ii. אַרְבַּע infr. †(5) n. om. Ez 43:15b Pr 30:15, 18 (Kt, v. supr.), v 21 Dn 8:8, 22; עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע (sc. רגלים) = on all fours Lv 11:20, 21, 27, 42. b. אַרְבַּעַה (1) bef. n. mpl. Gn 2:10 (J), 14:9 Ex 25:34 + 21 times, + יָמִים (וְ)א׳ חֳדשִׁים Ju 19:2; 1 S 27:7; also א׳ א׳ פָנִים distrib. Ez 10:21. †(2) late, after n. mpl. 1 Ch 23:10. (3) n. om., Am 1:3, 6, 9 + 15 times, + (as pred. of n. mpl.) †Ex 27:16(×2); 38:19(×2); also בְּא׳, (sc. יוֹם) †Zc 7:1 = ordinal, on the fourth (day). c. אַרְבַּ֫עַת (1) bef. n. mpl. Ju 11:40 1 K 7:32 + 11 times (not Ez 7:2, v. supr.), + א׳ אֲלָפִים = 4000, 1 S 4:2 + 14 times †(2) bef. coll. הַבָּקָר Nu 7:7. †(3) n. om. 2 S 21:22. †(4) c. sf., after n. pl., = the four of them, Ez 1:8, 10(×3) + 6 times Ez, Dn 1:17 these boys, the four of them. d. adv. אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2 S 12:6 = four-fold Ges§ 97 h Köii. 1, 227, but read שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr Kmp Bu HPS. 2. with other num.: a. (I) אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה = 14, (α) before n. fs., א׳ ע׳ שָׁנָה Gn 31:41, + (as ordinal, = 14th) 14:5; 2 K 18:13 = Is 36:1, Ez 40:1. (β) after n. fpl. עָרִים א׳ ע׳ Jos 15:36 + 8 times, נָשִׁים א׳ ע׳ 2 Ch 13:21. (2) אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר = 14, (α) before n. ms. Nu 17:14 (14 × 1000), Jb 42:12; especially. (as ord.) א׳ ע׳ יוֹם 14th day Ex 12:6, 18 + 7 times (β) bef. n. mpl. Nu 29:15. (γ) after n. mpl. Nu 29:13, 17 + 6 times (δ) after n. ms. Est 9:15, 19, 21, all = 14th. (ε) א׳ ע׳ pred. of נֶפֶשׁ Gn 46:22. (ζ) א׳ ע׳ = 14th (sc. day) Lv 23:15; 2 Ch 30:15 + 6 times b. 20 + (וְ) 4 + n. s. 1 K 15:33; 1 Ch 23:4 + 13 times 1 Ch 27; + n. pl. †Nu 7:88; n. om. 2 S 21:20, pred. ‖ 1 Ch 20:6; Ne 7:23; 4 + 20 + n. s. Nu 25:9; = 24th, יוֹם ע׳ וְא׳ Hg 1:15; 2:18; Zc 1:7; Ne 9:1; Dn 10:4, יוֹם om. Hg 2:10, 20, and (א׳ וְע׳) 1 Ch 24:18; 25:31†. c. other tens + 4, 1 Ch 7:7; 5:18 (+ n. s.), Ezr 2:15 + 7 times; 4 + tens + שָׁנָה Gn 11:16, + אֶלֶף 1000 Nu 1:27, 29; 2:4, 6; 26:25, 43.—Vid. Köii. 1, § 106.