Necessity and Need

χρεία (written χρέα Refs 3rd c.BC+, Ionic dialect χρείη Refs, ἡ: (χράομαι, κέχρημαι):— need, want, χρείας ὕπο Refs 4th c.BC+; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείας considering in what great need we are, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρείᾳ πολεμεῖν to war with necessity, Refs: with genitive, want of.., φαρμάκων χρείᾳ κατεσκέλλοντο Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐν χρείᾳ δορός in the need or stress of war, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἦ μὴν ἔτ᾽ ἐμοῦ χρείαν ἕξει will have need of my help, Refs 4th c.BC+, cf. Call.[same place]; ἀφίκοντο εἰς χρείαν τῆς πόλεως came to feel the need of its assistance, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰατρῶν ἐν χρείαις ἐσόμεθα, ἐν χρείᾳ ἡγεμόνος εἶναι, Refs 5th c.BC+; so τίς χ. σ᾽ ἐμοῦ [ἔχει]; Refs 5th c.BC+ with infinitive, NT (followed by (ίνα, NT+4th c.BC+ 'necessity is the mother of invention', Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 want, poverty, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 a request of necessity, opposed to ἀξίωσις (a claim of merit), Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, request, τὴν πρίν γε χ. ἠνύσασθ᾽ ἐμοῦ πάρα Refs 4th c.BC+; κἀγὼ.. τοιάνδε σου χ. ἔχω make such a request of or to thee, Refs __II business, ὡς πρὸς τί χρεία; for what purpose? Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b especially military or naval service, ἡ πολεμικὴ χ. καὶ ἡ εἰρηνική the employments of war and of peace, Refs 4th c.BC+; αἱ κατὰ θάλατταν [χ.], ἡ ἐν τῇ γῇ χ., Refs 2nd c.BC+; οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν χ.LXX+1st c.BC+; in military sense, action, engagement, αἱ κατὰ μέρος χ. Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.c generally, business, employment, function, Refs; ἡ ἐγκεχειρισμένη χ. the duty assigned, Refs 2nd c.BC+; οὓς καταστήσομεν ἐπὶ τῆς χ. ταύτης NT+1st c.AD+ __II.d a business, affair, matter, like{χρέος}, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τὴν ὑπὲρ τούτων χ. the study of these things, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.e χ. ἀναγκαία need of nature, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III use, __III.1 as a property, use, advantage, service, χρείης εἵνεκα μηδεμιῆς Refs 6th c.BC+; χρείαν ἔχειν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις to be of service to mankind, Refs; τὰ οὐδὲν εἰς χρείαν things of no use or service, Refs 4th c.BC+; χρείαν ἔχει εἴς τι is of service towards.., Refs 5th c.BC+ services rendered by them, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρείας παρέχεσθαι render services, Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; ἵνα σοι τὰς χ. παρέσχωμαι (sic) Refs 3rd c.BC+; μεγάλην παρεῖχε χ. τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Refs 2nd c.BC+; παρέχειν χ. to be serviceable, useful, Refs 1st c.AD+equipments, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 as an action, using, use, κτῆσις καὶ χ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν χρείᾳ εἶναι in use, Refs; κατὰ τὴν χ. for use, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ χ. τῶν λόγων the employment of words, Refs 5th c.BC+ is made bright by constant use, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV of persons, familiarity, intimacy, τινος with one, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, any relation of business or intercourse, ἐν χρείᾳ τινὶ τῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους Refs 5th c.BC+in the relationship, capacity, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __V Rhet., pregnant sentence, maxim, frequently illustrated by an anecdote, Sen.Refs 1st c.AD+: plural, title of works by Zeno Refs 5th c.BC+, a collection of sayings of courtesans, Refs 1st c.AD+

ἀνάγκη, Ionic dialect and Epic dialect ἀναγκαίη, ἡ, force, constraint, necessity, κρατερὴ δ᾽ ἐπικείσετ᾽ ἀ.Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγειRefs 8th c.BC+adverb, ἀνάγκῃ perforce, of necessity, ἀείδεινRefs 8th c.BC+: in active sense, forcibly, by force, ἴσχειν, ἄγειν, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to ἑκόντες, Refs 5th c.BC+ with infinitive, it must be that.., is necessary that..,Refs 8th c.BC+: with dative person, ἀ. μοι σχεθεῖνRefs 4th c.BC+ —in Trag. frequently in answers and arguments, πολλή γ᾽ ἀνάγκη, πολλή᾽ στ᾽ ἀνάγκη, or πολλή μ᾽ ἀνάγκη, with which an infinitive may always be supplied, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀνάγκη μεγάλη [ἐστίRefs 5th c.BC+ with infinitive, NT __2 necessity in the philosophical sense, Refs 4th c.BC+; logical necessity, MetaphoricalRefslaws of nature, τίσιν ἀνάγκαις ἕκαστα γίγνεται τῶν οὐρανίωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __2.b natural need, γαστρὸς ἀνάγκαιςRefs 5th c.BC+ __2.c ἡ ἀ. τοῦ τόπου the lie of the ground as a necessary condition, Refs __2.d ἀνάγκη δαιμόνων, αἱ ἐκ θεῶν ἀνάγκαι, fate, destiny, Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently personified in Poets, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 compulsion exerted by a superior, ἀ. προστιθέναι, ἐπιτιθέναι, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b violence, punishment, especially of torture, mostly plural, ἐς ἀνάγκας ἄγεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πρὸς ἀνάγκας ὄργανα instruments of torture, Refs 2nd c.BC+: later in singular, ἡ ἀ. τῶν βασάνωνRefs 1st c.AD+under torture, Refs 5th c.BC+; δολοποιὸς ἀ., i. e. the stratagem of Nessus, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.c duress, 'force majeure', ὅρκους οὓς ποιέονται ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ὄντεςRefs 3rd c.AD+; stress of circumstances, ἀκούσιοι ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.d treatment by mechanical force, τῶν ἀναγκῶν τινὰ προσφέρεινRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 bodily pain, anguish, κατ᾽ ἀνάγκην ἕρπειν painfully, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπ᾽ ἀνάγκης βοᾶνRefs 5th c.BC+: generally, distress, ἐν ἀνάγκαις γλυκὺ γίνεται καὶ τὸ σκληρόνNT+4th c.BC+ __II tie of blood, kindred, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III ={ἡ δικαστικὴ κλεψύδρα}, Refs 5th c.AD+

χρῄζω, Refs 6th c.BC+present and imperfect (but see below Refs: Epic dialect and Ionic dialect χρηΐζω, as always in Refs 8th c.BC+; written χρηιίζω, Refs 5th c.BC+; also χρεΐζω, Refs 3rd c.BC+; Doric dialect χρῄζω Refs 5th c.BC+; also χρήζω Refs 3rd c.BC+; χρείζω Refs 2nd c.BC+: sicil. Doric dialect χρῄσδω Refs 3rd c.BC+; Megarian dialect Doric dialect χρῄδδω Refs 5th c.BC+: future χρῄσω Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect χρηΐσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist Ionic dialect χρηΐσαι probably Refs; participle χρηΐσαςRefs: (χρή):—want, lack, have need of, with genitive, χρηΐζοντα.. ἰητῆρος Refs 8th c.BC+; δύο χρῄσει [μεσοτάτων] Refs 5th c.BC+ [same place]: absolutely in participle χρηΐζων needy, poor, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 desire, long for, crave, χρηΐζειν ἀπεόντοςRefs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ μακροῦ χ. βίου Soph.Refs 5th c.BC+; an infinitive may frequently be supplied, φράζε.. ὅ τι χρῄζεις (i.e. φράζειν) Refs 5th c.BC+; τί δῆτα χρῄζει;Refs __2.b with accusative person et infinitive, ask or desire that one should do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; so with genitive person et infinitive, desire of one to do, Refs; in Trag., with infinitive only, desire to do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.c with double genitive person et of things, τῶνδε ἐγὼ ὑμέων χρηΐζων συνέλεξα hdt.Refs __2.d χρῄζειν παρά τινος with infinitive, Ps.-Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 participle χρῄζων is used absolutely for εἰ χρῄζει, if one will, if one chooses, Refs 6th c.BC+; ἄλλα φανεῖ χρῄζων (i.e. Ἑρμῆς) if propitious, Refs; ἢν τὸν θεὸν χρῄζοντ᾽ ἔχῃ Refs 5th c.BC+; ποταγγελλέτω ὁ χρῄζων, ={ὁ βουλόμενος}, Refs; also τὸ χρῇζον your solicitation, E.IA 1017. __II passive, χρησθείς is falsa lectio in Refs 5th c.BC+

προσδέω, __A bind on or to, πρὸς ὕπερον τὸ ξύλον Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, σιδήριον ὀξὺ -δησάμενος πρὸς τὸν δάκτυλον Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἥμισυ ἀσκοῦ οἱ προσδέδεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 with accusative only, attach, τοὺς κάλους Refs 5th c.BC+

† [חֲשַׁח] vb. need (Assyrian h̬ašâh̬u, crave; Syriac ܚܫܰܚܬܳܐ in need of; not 𝔗);— Pe. Pt. pl. חָֽשְׁחִין Dn 3:16, sq. Inf. (van d. H., wrongly, חַשׁ׳).

† [חַשְׁחָה] n.f. thing needed (Syriac ܚܫܰܚܬܳܐ; Nö in K p. 175);—pl. חַשְׁחָן Ezr 6:9.

† [חַשְׁחוּ] n.f.coll. things needed, requirement (Syriac id.);—cstr. חַשְׁחוּת בֵּית אֱלָהָךְ Ezr 7:20.

† [צֹ֫רֶךְ] n.[m.] need (Aramaic);—sf. כְּכָל־צָרְכֶּ֑ךָ 2 Ch 2:15 according to all thy need, cf. Ecclus 8:9 + often.