Lambs and Sheep

צֹאן273 n.coll.f. Gn 30:36 (poss. m. v 39a +, KöSynt. § 247 g, but dub., v 39b c. vb. fpl., as usually; in 1 S 15:14 join הַזֶּה with קוֹל; v. further Albr ZAW xv (1895), 316 ff.) small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks;—צ׳ abs. Gn 4:2 +, cstr. 29:9 +; sf. צֹאנוֹ 4:4 +; צֹאנֵנוּ Ex 10:9, צֹאונֵנוּ ψ 144:13; as pl. צֹאנֵינוּ Ne 10:37 van d. H. Gi (not Baer); s. [צֹנֶא] צֹנֶה p. 856, etc.;— 1. lit. a. small cattle, usually of sheep and goats in one flock (RobBR i. 477) Gn 30:31, 32 +; sheep specified also 21:28 (כִּבְשׂת הַצּ׳), 31:38 (אֵילֵי צ׳) +; sheep only 1 S 25:2 (+ עִזִּים); goats specified Gn 27:9; Je 50:8; צ׳ as yielding (1) animals for food Am 6:4 (כָּרִים), 1 S 14:32; 2 S 12:4; Ne 5:18 +; צ׳ מַאֲכָל ψ 44:12 (in sim.); (2) wool Gn 31:19 + (v. [גָּזַז], גֵּז); (3) milk, חֲלֵב צ׳ Dt 32:14 (? goats’ milk, cf. Pr 27:27); (4) sacrif. victims Gn 4:4 (J), Lv 1:2, 10; 3:6; Nu 15:3 (all P), 22:40 (E), Dt 12:6, 17, 21 + often; so צֹאן קָדָשִׁים Ez 36:38a, cf. בְּכוֹרֵי בְקָרֵינוּ וְצֹאנֵינוּ Ne 10:37; in gen. as property (often + בָּקָר, etc.) Gn 12:16; 13:5; 24:35 Jb 1:3; 42:12 + often (v. also ii. [עַשְׁתָּרוֹת]); gift Gn 20:14; 21:27; 38:17 (goat), Dt 15:14; 2 Ch 17:11; booty 1 S 15:9, 15 +. b. צ׳ sometimes of a definite number of animals (i.e. as pl. of שֶׂה, etc.): two Is 7:21, four Ex 21:37 (larger numbers v. 1 S 25:2, 5, 18; Nu 31:32, 36; Ne 5:18; Jb 1:3; 42:12 supr.).—Vid. also בֵּן" dir="rtl" >בֵּן 7 b; גְּדֵרָה, מִכְלָה, מַרְבֵּץ, נָוֶה, עֵדֶר; כֶּלֶב, רֹעֶה, שַׁעַר. 2. sim. of multitude Ez 36:37, 38, cf. ψ 107:41; of children Jb 21:11; of dead, with death as shepherd ψ 49:15; of (shepherdless) Isr. Nu 27:17; 1 K 22:17 = 2 Ch 18:16; Zc 10:2; 13:7, wandering in sin Is 53:6; of Isr. led by י׳ ψ 77:21; 78:52; 80:2, cf. Zc 9:16 (on text v. We Now); Ez 34:12; of Isr. in distress, כְּצ׳ טִבְחָה ψ 44:23, cf. (of wicked) צ׳ לְטִבְחָה Je 12:3; of scattered Bab. Is 13:14. 3. metaph. of multitude, צ׳ אָדָם Ez 36:38; of Isr. 2 S 24:17 = 1 Ch 21:17; Je 23:1, 2, 3; Ez 24:5, and especially sustained fig. 34:2, 3 + 17 times 34, also Zc 11:7, 17; צ׳ אֹבְדוֹת Je 50:6, צ׳ תִּפְאַרְתֵּךְ 13:20; of Isr. under י׳’s care, (-וֹ, י—ִ) צ׳ מַרְעִיתֶ֑ךָ ψ 74:1; 79:13; 100:3; Ez 34:31, also צ׳ יָדוֹ ψ 95:7 (‖ עַם־מַרְעִיתוֹ; read perhaps צ׳ מַרְעִיתוֹ, עַם יָדוֹ, so Che al.); צ׳ נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ Mi 7:14; also in combinations: אַדִּירֵי הַצּ׳ Je 25:34, 35, 36, צ׳ חַהֲרֵגָה Zc 11:4, 7 (cf. ψ 44:23), עֲנִיֵּי הַצּ׳ v 7, 11 (all of Isr.); of Edom צְעִירֵי הַצּ׳ Je 49:20; 50:45.

כֶּ֫בֶשׂ107 n.m. Ex 29:38 lamb (√ dub.: NH id., battering-ram; Assyrian kabšu, lamb according to COT Gloss.; Arabic كَبْشٌ is ram, leader; Syriac ܟܶܒܫܳܐ lamb, with anom. ܫ, is very rare, and prob. loan-word; Nö in Frä109)—כ׳ abs. Ex 29:39 + 43 times; pl. כְּבָשִׂים v 38 + 61 times; sf. כְּבָשַׂי Jb 31:20;— 1. lamb, for sacrif.: Is 1:11; of daily offering Ex 29:38, 39(×2), 40, 41 Nu 28:3, 4(×2) + 12 times Nu 28; sin-offering Lv 4:32; purification 12:6; 14:10 + 5 times Lv 14; dedication of altar Nu 7:15 + 25 times Nu 7; offerings in 7th month 29:2 + 22 times Nu 29, etc. (87 times Ex Lv Nu all P); in Ezekiel’s temple Ez 46:4 + 6 times Ez 46; 1 Ch 29:21 2 Ch 29:21, 22, 32; 35:7 Ezr 8:35, cf. sim. Je 11:19. 2. lambs, as grazing; symb. of devastation Is 5:17 (cf. GieBeitr. 1890), sim. of Isr. Ho 4:16; in predict. וְגָר זְאֵב עִם־כ׳ Is 11:6. 3. lambs, as furnishing wool for clothing: Jb 31:20 גֵּז כ׳, Pr 27:26 כ׳ לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ.

† שֶׂה n.m. Gn 30:32 and (less often) f. Je 50:17 one of a flock, a sheep (or goat) (Assyrian šuʾu, Arabic شَاةٌ, pl. شَآءٌ, شِوَاهٌ, etc. (also wild ox), cf. Egyptian sau, sheep Bondi65, cf. Id.Ba NB § 2 b δ);—abs. שֶׂה Gn 30:32 +, cstr. שֵׂה Is 43:23 +; sf. שֵׂיוֹ Dt 22:1, שְׂיֵ֫הוּ 1 S 14:34; not in pl.;— 1. a sheep, or goat, nom. unit. of צֹאן: as property Gn 30:32(×2) (E; + צֹאן coll., כְּשָׂבִים, עִזִּים), Ex 21:37(×2) (+ שׁוֹר, צֹאן coll.), 22:3 (+ שׁוֹר, חֲמוֹר), v 8 (id.), v 9 (id.; all E); Dt 22:1 (+ שׁוֹר), 1 S 17:34 (זה Kt van d. H. erron., v. Baer Dr), roaming pasture Is 7:25, straying ψ 119:176 (sim.), slaughtered Is 53:7 (in sim.); + שׁוֹר, חֲמוֹר Ju 6:4; 1 S 22:19; Jos 6:21 (J), + id. + גָּמָל 1 S 15:3; as sacrifice Gn 22:7, 8 (J), Ex 13:13; Lv 5:12; 12:8; Nu 15:11 (שׂ׳ בַּכְּבָשִׂים אוֹ בָּעִזִּים; all P), Dt 18:3 (+ שׁוֹר), Is 43:23; 66:3 (+ שׁוֹר), מִן־הַצֹּאן Ez 45:15; cf. Ex 34:19 (+ שׁוֹר), v 20 (J), Lv 27:26 (P; + שׁוֹר); fit for sacrifice Lv 22:28 (H); unfit v 23 (H), Dt 17:1 (both + שׁוֹר); as food 1 S 14:34 (+ שׁוֹר), שׂ׳ כְּשָׂבִים וְשׂ׳ עִזִּים Dt 14:4 (+ id.); for passover Ex 12:3(×2), 4(×2), 5 (P); fig. of Isr. Ez 34:17(×2) (‖ אֵילִים, עַתּוּדִים), v 20(×2), 22(×2). 2. coll. flock: שֶׂה פְזוּרָה Je 50:17 (= צֹאן אֹבְדוֹת v 6).

πρόβᾰτον, τό, frequently in plural πρόβατα (but also in singular, Refs 5th c.BC+; irregular dative πρόβασιRefs 5th c.AD+ — used (among the Ionians and Dorians) of all four-footed cattle, Refs 5th c.BC+; of Europa's bull, Refs 8th c.BC+ generally of cattle, flocks and herds, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰ π. καὶ καρταίποδα Refs; opposed to ἄνθρωποι, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰ λεπτὰ τῶν π. small cattle, i.e. sheep and goats, Refs 4th c.BC+; so later, π. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήψεσθε LXX almost invariably of sheep, Refs 5th c.BC+; so in later Boeotian dialect, Refs: generally, animals for slaughter, whether for sacrifices, Refs 5th c.BC+; or for food, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 proverbial of stupid, lazy people, ἀριθμός, πρόβατ᾽ ἄλλως Refs 5th c.BC+ more sheepish than a sheep, uncertain conjecture in Refs 5th c.BC+; χρυσοῦν π., = Latin pecus aurea, as nickname, Refs 2nd c.AD+: in other proverbs, τοὺς γευομένους κύνας τῶν π. κατακόπτειν φασὶ δεῖν Refs 4th c.BC+ __II name of a sea-fish, Refs 2nd c.AD+. (Orig. of small cattle, sheep and goats, which in primitive mixed herds walk in front (προβαίνει) of the larger animals.)

ἀρνίον, τό, diminutive of ἀρήν, a little lamb, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II sheepskin, fleece, Refs 2nd c.AD+

† כֶּ֫שֶׂב n.[m.] lamb (transp. from preceding)—כ׳ abs. Lv 3:7 + 5 times; pl. כְּשָׂבִים Gn 30:32 + 6 times;—lamb, as property Gn 30:32, 33, 35, 40 (J); for sacrif. Lv 1:10; 3:7; 4:35; 22:19 Nu 18:17, cf. Lv 22:27; for food Lv 7:23, cf. 17:3 (all P); Dt 14:4.

† III. כַּר n.[m.] he-lamb, battering-ram (Assyrian kirru, Zim in Schwally ZAW x. (1890), 186; perhaps lamb from dancing, skipping, gallopping in field; (battering-)ram as in Eng., from butting; cf. Arabic كَبْشٌ ram and buttress, Lane; also battering-ram cf. Dozy ii. 440);—sg. only Is 16:1 the lamb of the ruler (as tribute); elsewhere pl. כָּרִים Am 6:4 1 S 15:9; 2 K 3:4; Je 51:40 (in sim.), Ez 27:21; 39:18; חֵלֶב כ׳ Dt 32:14 the fat of lambs; דַּם כ׳ וְעַתּוּדִים Is 34:6 the blood of lambs and goats; כָּרִים = battering-rams Ez 4:2; 21:27(×2) (in v a Co reads שָׂרִים, cf. AV; MT RV as above).—Vid. also בֵּית כָּ֑ר p. 111 supr.

† כִּבְשָׂה, כַּבְשָׂה n.f. ewe-lamb; כִּ׳ 2 S 12:3, 6; כַּ׳ Lv 14:10 Nu 6:14; cstr. כִּבְשַׂת 2 S 12:4; pl. כְּבָשׂת Gn 21:29, 30; cstr. כִּבְשׂת v 28;—ewe-lambs (7) set in witness Gn 21:28, 29, 30 (E); used in sacrif. Lv 14:10 (purif.), Nu 6:14 (Nazirite; both P, and both ‖ כֶּבֶשׂ); for food, in Nathan’s parable 2 S 12:3, 4, 6.

ἀμνός, ὁ, lamb, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀμνοὶ τοὺς τρόπους lambs in temper, NT+3rd c.BC+ i.e. agynos, cf. Latin agnus.)

† I. רָחֵל n.f. Is 53:7 ewe;—abs. ר׳ Is 53:7; (in sim., ‖ שֶׂה); pl. רְחֵלִים Gn 32:15 (E; + עִזִּים, אֵילִים), Ct 6:6 (in sim.); sf. רְחֵלֶיךָ וְעִזֶּיךָ Gn 31:38 (E).

† [אִמַּר] n.m. lamb (Assyrian immeru (also = child; immertu, girl; conj. as to etym. DlProl. 28 JenZMG xliii (1889), 203; ZA vii. 216 SchwallyIdiot. 114), 𝔗 אִמְּרָא; Syriac ܐܶܡܪܳܐ, Pun. אמר, Palm. pl. emph. אמריא Lzb 220 Cooke Inscr. 120. 337; Arabic أَمَّرٌ (loan-word? cf.Frä 107, but also DHMVOJ i. 24));—pl. אִמְּרִין, lambs, as sacrif. victims Ezr 6:9, 17; 7:17.

† טָלֶה n.m. 1 S 7:9 lamb (NH id., lamb;) Aramaic טַלְיָא lamb, youth, טַלְיְתָא girl, ܛܰܠܝܳܐ boy, youth, ܛܠܻܝܬܳܐ girl (cf. Mk 5:41 𝔖); Arabic طَلًا young of cloven-footed animals, especially young gazelle HomNS 235, Nedj. tully, male lamb, DoughtyArabic Desert. i. 429, ii. 269; Ethiopic ጠሊ flock of goats, goat, kid—טְלֵה חָלָב 1 S 7:9 sucking lamb (for burnt-offering); in prediction זְאֵב וְטָלֶה יִרְעוּ Is 65:25 wolf & lamb shall feed; טְלָאִים pl. of foregoing, only Is 40:11 in metaph. of י׳ shepherding his people.

† צֹנֶה [צֹנֶא] [n.m.] flocks (‖ form of צֹאן q.v.);—abs. צֹנֶה ψ 8:8; sf. צֹנַאֲכֶם Nu 32:24 (JE).

ἀρήν (nominative only in Inscrr., Refs 3rd c.BC+; also ἄρης Refs 3rd c.BC+; accusative ἄρνα, genitive ἀρνός, dative ἀρνί, dual. ἄρνε: plural ἄρνες, ἄρνας, ἀρνῶν, dative ἀρνάσιRefs 1st c.AD+: —lamb (under a year old, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II sheep of either sex, ἄρν᾽ ἕτερον λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαινανRefs 8th c.BC+ __III in plural, stunted ears of wheat, Refs 4th c.BC+. (Sanskrit úrā 'sheep', úraṇas 'ram', 'lamb', urabhras 'ram', Armenian ga[rdot]n 'lamb'; compare -ϝρην in πολύρρην.)

προβᾰτ-ικός, ή, όν, of sheep or goats, π. χορός a chorus of goats, as in the Αἶγες of Eupolis, Refs; ἡ π. πύλη the sheep-gate, LXX; without πύλη, NT+2nd c.AD+

Transliteration of Hebrew טָלֶה 'lamb' [H2924]. Not in LSJ.

† [זֶ֫מֶר] n.[m.] a certain animal allowed as food, most prob. some kind of mountain-sheep or-goat (𝔖 ܐܪܢܐ) וָזָמֶ֑ר Dt 14:5. (AV RV chamois: but see TristramDB 2. s.v., who points out that this is not a native of any Bible land.)

† טָלֶה n.m. 1 S 7:9 lamb (NH id., lamb;) Aramaic טַלְיָא lamb, youth, טַלְיְתָא girl, ܛܰܠܝܳܐ boy, youth, ܛܠܻܝܬܳܐ girl (cf. Mk 5:41 𝔖); Arabic طَلًا young of cloven-footed animals, especially young gazelle HomNS 235, Nedj. tully, male lamb, DoughtyArabic Desert. i. 429, ii. 269; Ethiopic ጠሊ flock of goats, goat, kid—טְלֵה חָלָב 1 S 7:9 sucking lamb (for burnt-offering); in prediction זְאֵב וְטָלֶה יִרְעוּ Is 65:25 wolf & lamb shall feed; טְלָאִים pl. of foregoing, only Is 40:11 in metaph. of י׳ shepherding his people.

† כִּשְׂבָּה n.f. ewe-lamb Lv 5:6 (P).