Divination Practitioners

† [קָסַם] vb.denom. practise divination;— Qal Impf. 3 mpl. יִקְסְמוּ 2 K 17:17, יִקְסֹ֑מוּ Mi 3:11; 2 fs. תִּקְסַמְנָה Ez 13:23; Imv. fs. קָסֳמִי 1 S 28:8 Qr (Kt קסומי); Inf. cstr. קְסֹם Mi 3:8 (Buhl קֶסֶם), קֶסָם־ Ez 21:26, 34 קְסָ֯ום־ Ez 21:28 (read קֶסֶם Co Buhl), especially Pt. קֹסֵם Dt 18:10; Is 3:2, etc.;— 1. of diviners of the nations, Balaam, Jos 13:22 (D), Philist. 1 S 6:2 (‖ כהנים), Bab. Is 44:25 (‖ חכמים) Ez 21:26 cf. שׁוא" dir="rtl" >ק׳ שׁוא Ez 21:28 (but read קֶסֶם), + Is 2:6 (ins. prob. קֹסְמִים, > קֶסֶם, or מִקְסָם; v. קֶדֶם 1 b); of Can. necromancers בָּאוֹב 1 S 28:8; ‖ מְעֹנְנִים Dt 18:14; of Ammonites ק׳ כָּזָב Ez 21:34 (+ ל pers.). 2. false proph. of Isr. ‖ חזה Mi 3:6 (? קֶסֶם; ‖ חזון), v 7; Is 3:2 (+ נביא; cf. v 3), ‖ נביאים Je 27:9; 29:8, בְּכֶסֶף Mi 3:11, ‖ חזה שׁקר Zc 10:2; ‖ חזה שׁוא: ק׳ קֶסֶם Ez 13:23 (but v. קֶסֶם), ק׳ כָּזָב Ez 13:9; 22:28, + 13:6 (read וְקָֽסְמוּ, or [Co Berthol] inf. abs. וְקָסֹם, Vrss. Toy). 3. ק׳ קְסָמִים prohibited Dt 18:10 2 K 17:17.

† יִדְּעֹנִי n.m. familiar spirit (proposes either as knowing, wise (acquainted with secrets of unseen world), Ew vielwisserisch; or as intimate acquaintance of soothsayer, v. RS JPh. xiv. 1885. 127)—abs. יִדְּעֹנִי Dt 18:11 + 2 times; pl. יִדְּעֹנִים 1 S 28:3 + 6 times; הַיִּדְּעֹנִי מִן 1 S 28:9, read הַיִּדְּעֹנִים מִן (v. 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr); familiar spirit, always ‖ אוֹב, אֹבוֹת 1 S 28:3, 9 Is 8:19; 19:3 2 K 21:6 (עשׂה אוֹב; ‖ נִחֵשׁ, עוֹנֵן) = 2 Ch 33:6, 2 K 23:24 Lv 19:31; 20:6, 27 (all H; on last two cf. Acts 16:16 and Dr Dt 18:11), (‖ אוֹב + דֹּרֵשׁ אֶל־הַמֵּתִים).

† II. [עָנַן] vb. Pōʿ. practise soothsaying (prob. denom., but orig. meaning dub.; connex. with i. עָנָן (De Is 2:6) now gen. abandoned; LöwZMG xxxi (1877), 539 cp. עַיִן eye, so WeSkizzen iii. 148 (but v. infr.); RSJPhil. xiv (1885), 119 f. cp. Arabic غُنَّةٌ nasal twang, hum of insects, whence diviners as crooning; Ew Gerber31 of diviner as interpreting hum of insects, whisper of leaves, etc.; WeHeid. 2, 204 now cp. عَنَّ appear, i.e. dealers in phenomena);—Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְעוֹנֵן 2 K 21:6 = 2 Ch 33:6; Impf. 2 mpl. וְלֹא תְעוֹנֵ֑נוּ Lv 19:26 (H); Pt. as subst. מְעוֹנֵן Dt 18:10 (forbidden), pl. מְעֹנְנִים v 14, מְעוֹ׳ Mi 5:11, אֵלוֹן מְעוֹנְנִים Ju 9:37 (v. i. אֵלוֹן; seat of an oracle, cf. RSSem i. 179, 2nd ed. 196); also (without מְ, cf. Sta§ 233 Köi. 349) עֹנְנִים Is 2:6, sf. עֹנְנֵיכֶם Je 27:9; fs. in בְּנֵי עֹנְנָה Is 57:3 sons of a soothsaying woman, fig. of apostates.—Vid. כִּשֵּׁף, II. [נָחַשׁ], [קָסַם].

† אָשַׁף (K § 58 a) n.m. conjurer, enchanter (prob. Bab. loan-word; so BH אַשָּׁף);—abs. א׳ Dn 2:10; pl. abs. אָֽשְׁפִין v 27; 5:11, emph. אָֽשְׁפַיָּא 4:4; 5:7, 15.

† [גְּזַר] vb. cut, (divide,) determine (so 𝔗 Syriac, in both meanings; BH usually divide, †Jb Est decree);— Pe. Pt. act. as subst., pl. abs. גָּֽזְרִין determiners (of fate; astrologers or soothsayers) Dn 2:27; 5:11; emph. גָּֽזְרַיָּא 4:4; 5:7 (cf.Dr.; Arabic جزّار RS JPhil. xlii (1885), 781). Hithpe. Pf. 3 fs. הִתְגְּזֶ֫רֶת 2:34 a stone was cut out, so אִתְג׳ (K§§ 23. 1; 30, 2) v 45 (c. מִן of source).

† [אַשָּׁף] n.m. conjurer, necromancer (prob. Bab. loan-word, Assyrian âšipu COTGloss cf. DlPr] 41, Aramaic אָשַׁף ܐܳܫܘܽܦܳܐ; v. also Assyrian šiptu, conjuration) only pl. אַשָּׁפִים Dn 1:20 (‖ חַרְטֻמִּים), 2:2 (‖ ח׳, מְבַשְּׁפִים, כַּשְׂדִּים).