Days and Daylight

יוֹמָם51 subst. and adv. daytime, by day (cf. Aramaic יְמָמָא, ܐܻܝܡܳܡܳܐ day (as opp. to night); 𝔗 יֵמָם by day; perhaps Ph. ימם (in dates, before num.), CISI. i. 10. 1(see note); so NöZDMG 1886, 721: on ם—ָ, v. sub חִנָּם)— 1. subst. daytime (rare) Je 15:9 בעוד יומם while it is yet daytime, 33:20b לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֹת יומם ולילה daytime and night, v 25 בְּרִיתִי י׳ ולילה (? read יוֹם as v 20a); Ez 30:16 צָרֵי יוֹמָם foes of daytime, i.e. coming by day (cf. Je 15:8; but text appar. defective, v. 𝔊 Sm); once (late) בְּיוֹמָם (cf. 𝔊 בְּיֵמָם 1 S 25:16 Jb 5:14), Ne 9:19 (varied from Ex 13:21 Dt 1:33 יומם).—Nu 9:21 the sense required is (during) a day and a night; read prob. יוֹם. 2. adv. in the daytime, by day, Nu 10:34 Jb 24:16 (but v. חִתֵּם), Is 4:6 Ez 12:3, 4, 7; mostly c. לַיְלָה, and then often poet. = continually: so יוֹמָם וָלַיְלָה Ex 13:21 Jos 1:8 1 K 8:59 ψ 1:2; 32:4 +, לַיְלָה וְיוֹמָם †Dt 28:66 Is 34:10 Je 14:17, in parallel clauses (especially in poetry) 2 S 21:10 Is 21:8 Je 31:35 ψ 22:3; 42:9; 91:5; 121:6 +. ψ 13:3 by day yields a lame sense: either add וָלַיְלָה (𝔊 Del Gr Ch), or read יֹם יֹם (יוֹם יוֹם) LagNov. Psalt. Gr. Ed. Spec, 13 Now.

ἡμέρα, Epic dialect and Ionic dialect ἡμέρη Refs, Doric dialect ἀμέρα Refs 8th c.BC+, Locrian dialect ἀμάρα Refs (aspirated perhaps only in Attic dialect and West Ionic dialect, compare ἐπάμερος Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; usually unaspirated in early Attic dialect Inscrr., Refs; aspirated in codices even in dialects: original ἀμέρα probably took aspirate from ἑσπέρα): ἡ:—day, less frequently than ἦμαρ in Refs 8th c.BC+; τίς νύ μοι ἡ. ἥδ; Refs 8th c.BC+; μῆνές τε καὶ ἡRefs 8th c.BC+; ἡ σήμερον ἡ., see at {σήμερον· ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ} or ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ at daybreak, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ. διέλαμψεν, ἐξέλαμψεν, ὑπέφαινε, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς ἡ. ὀψέ late in the day, Refs __2 sometimes like Epic dialect ἦμαρ, with adjectives to describe a state or time of life, ἐπίπονος ἁ. a life of misery, Refs 5th c.BC+; λυπρὰν ἄγειν ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐχθρὰ ἡ. Refs; παλαιὰ ἁ. old age, Refs 5th c.BC+; τερμία ἁ. Refs; αἱ μακραὶ ἁμέραι length of days, Refs; νέα ἁ. youth, Refs 5th c.BC+; so τῇ πρώτῃ ἡ. Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπὶ τῇ τελευταίᾳ ἡ. at the close of life,Refs 5th c.BC+; ζοὴν βλέπουσιν ἡ. look life-like, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 poetry for time, ἡ. κλίνει τε κἀνάγει πάλιν ἅπαντα τἀνθρώπεια Refs 5th c.BC+ in the days of.., LXX; ἡ. ἀρχαῖαιLXX __4 birthday, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __5 a fixed day, τακτὴ ἡ. NT; ῥητὴ ἡ. NT+1st c.BC+ a human tribunal, NT __6 in plural, age, προβεβηκὼς ἐν ταῖς ἡ. LXX+NT __II absolutely usages, __II.1 genitive, τριῶν ἡμερέων within three days, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡμερῶν ὀλίγων within a few days, Refs; ἄλλης ἡ. another day, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς αὐτῆς ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡμέρας by day, opposed to νυκτός, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς.. τῆς ἡ. ἄρτους δ ¯ daily, Refs 2nd c.BC+; δὶς τῆς ἡμέρης ἑκάστης twice every day, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίς τῆς ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πεντάκις τῆς ἡ. Refs 4th c.BC+; κατεσθίω.. τῆς ἡ. πένθ᾽ ἡμιμέδιμνα five every day, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 _dative_, τῇδε θἠμέρᾳ,= σήμερον, (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1283; τῇ τόθ᾽ ἡ [prev. author] “El.” 1134. __II.3 _accusative_, πᾶσαν ἡ. any day, i.e. soon, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν μὲν αὐτίχ᾽ ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅλην τὴν ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τρίτην ἡ. ἥκων two days after one's arrival, Refs 5th c.BC+; πέντε ἡμέρας during five days, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς ἡ. in the daytime, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν ἡ. daily, LXX __III with Preps., μίαν ἀν᾽ ἁμέραν on one day, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡ. every day, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀφ᾽ ἡμέρας τῆς νῦν from this day, Refs 5th c.BC+; but ἀφ᾽ ἡμέρας γίνεσθαι ἐν τῷ Μουσείῳ from early in the day, Refs 2nd c.BC+, the whole day long, Refs 5th c.BC+; διὰ τρίτης ἡ. every other day, Refs 5th c.BC+; διὰ πολλῶν ἡ. at a distance of many days, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰσ ἡμέραν yearly, LXX; ἐν ἡμέρῃ in a single day, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῇδ᾽ ἐν ἡ. Refs; ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡ. NT; ἐν ἑστέραισιν ἡ. Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐν ὀκτὼ ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; but ἐν τρισὶν ἡ. within three days, NT; ἐξ ἡμέρας by day, οὔτε νυκτὸς οὔτ᾽ ἐξ ἡ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας day after day, NT+4th c.AD+; ἐπ᾽ ἡμέρην ἔχειν, ἐφ᾽ -ραν χρῆσθαι, sufficient for the day, Refs 5th c.BC+; but τοὐφ᾽ ἡμέραν day by day, Refs every day, Refs 5th c.BC+; καθ᾽ ἡμέραν by day, Refs 4th c.BC+; καθ᾽ ἡ. τὴν νῦν to-day, Refs 5th c.BC+; but καθ᾽ ἡ. commonly means day by day, Refs; καθ᾽ ἡ. ἀεί [Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ καθ᾽ ἡ. every day, Refs 5th c.BC+; μετ᾽ ἡμέρην in broad daylight, opposed to νυκτός, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to νύκτωρ, Refs 4th c.BC+; μεθ᾽ ἡμέρας some days after, LXX; ἡμέρα παρ᾽ ἡμέραν γιγνομένη day following on day, Refs 5th c.BC+; but παρ᾽ ἡμέραν every other day, Refs 1st c.AD+; πρὸ ἡμέρας before day-break, Refs 4th c.BC+; but πρὸ ἀμερᾶν δέκα ἤ κα μέλλωντι ἀναγινώσκεν Refs; πρὸ ἡμερῶν ἑπτὰ εἰδυῶν Ὀκτωμβρίων Refs 2nd c.BC+; γίγνεται, ἔστι πρὸς ἡμέραν, towards day, near day, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, for the day, daily, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV as proper name, the goddess of day, Refs 8th c.BC+ __IV.2 see at {ἥμερος} Refs

מָחָר52 n.m., used often as adv., to-morrow, in time to come (Aramaic מְחַר, ܡܚܰܪ; prob. properly time in front, Köii. 263, cf. √, and Assyrian maḫru, front, often of time, though always of former time, of old, DlHWB 402):— 1. to-morrow (the day following the present day), a. as subst. Ex 16:23 שַׁבָּתוֹן שַׁבַּת קֹדֶשׁ לְי׳ מָחָר to-morrow is a sabbath, etc., 1 S 20:5 חֹדֶשׁ מָחָר to-morrow is the new moon, v 18; in יוֹם מָחָר †Gn 30:33 Pr 27:1 Is 56:12; in the idiom. phr. כָּעֵת מָחָר at the like of the time, (being) to-morrow, = about to-morrow (v. כְּ 1 a) †Ex 9:18 1 S 9:16; 20:12 1 K 19:2; 20:6 2 K 7:1, 18; 10:6; and in לְמָחָר †Ex 8:19 לְמָחָר יִהְיֶה הָאֹת הַזֶּה, = for, against, to-morrow, Ex 8:6 Nu 11:18 Jos 7:13 Est 5:12. b. as adv. acc. Ex 8:25; 9:5 מָחָר יַעֲשֶׂה י׳ הַדָּבָר הָזֶּה, 10:4 הִנְנִי מֵבִיא מָחָר אַרְבֶּה, 17:9; 32:5 Nu 14:25 1 S 11:9 etc., Jos 11:6 מָחָר כָּעֵת הַזֹּאת; opp. to הַיּוֹם Ex 19:10 הַיּוֹם וּמָחָר Jos 22:18 2 S 11:12a; rhetorically, Is 22:13 כִּי מָחָר נָמוּת. 2. = in future time, Ex 13:14 כִּי יִשְׁאָֽלְךָ בִנְךָ מָחָר לֵאמֹר = Dt 6:20, Jos 4:6, 21; 22:24, 27, 28; so בְּיוֹם מָחָר Gn 30:33.

I. יון (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).

σήμερον, adverb to-day, NT+8th c.BC+; Doric dialect σάμερον [ᾱ] Refs 5th c.BC+; Attic dialect τήμερον Refs 5th c.BC+ is sometimes found in Comedy texts, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ τ. εἶναι to-day, Refs 4th c.BC+; also in the form τήμερα Refs 5th c.BC+. (Prob. from κyᾱμερον, containing stem [kcirc]yo- 'this', cf. Lithuanian šis 'this', Latin ci-tra: σήμερον (τήμερον) is to ἡμέρα as σῆτες (τῆτες) to ἔτος.)

† מָחֳרָת n.f. the morrow (the day following a past day)—abs. מ׳ Gn 19:34 +, cstr. מָחֳרַת Lv 23:11 +;—the morrow, Nu 11:32 וְכֹל יוֹם הַמָּחֳר��ת; מִמָּחֳרָת = on the morrow, so וַיְהִי מִמָּחֳרָת, Gn 19:34 Ex 18:13; 32:30 Nu 17:23 Ju 9:42; 21:4 1 S 11:11; 18:10; 31:8 (= 1 Ch 10:8) 2 K 8:15 Je 20:3; (וַיַּשְׁכִּימוּ) וַיַּשְׁכֵּם מִמָּחֳרָת, Ex 32:6 Ju 6:38 1 S 5:3, 4; Ex 9:6 ויעשׂ י׳ את הדבר הזה ממ׳, Nu 17:6 Jos 5:12; 2 S 11:12b: מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת on the morrow of (= after) the sabbath, Lv 23:11, 15, 16, ממ׳ הַפֶּסַח Nu 33:3 Jos 5:11, מִמָּחֳרַת הַשֵּׁנִי [בַּיּוֹם 𝔊] הַחֹדֶשׁ (MT falsely מִמָּחֳרָת) 1 S 20:27; of the morrow after a day specified in a law, Lv 19:6 בְּיוֹם זִבְחֲכֶם יֵאָכֵל וּמִמָּחֳרָת, 7:16. Twice (late) with לְ, Jon 4:7 לַמָּחֳרָת on the morrow, 1 Ch 29:21 לְמָחֳרַת הַיּוֹם הַהוּא.—1 S 30:17 strangely וַיַּכֵּם דָּוִד מֵהַנֶּשֶׁף וְעְד־הָעֶרֶב לְמָחֳרָתָם from the dawn to the evening of their following day (We Bu לְהַחֲרִימָם).

ἐπαύριον, adverb on the morrow, τῇ ἐ. ἡμέρᾳ Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἡμέρα ἡ ἐ. LXXon the morrow, NT+3rd c.BC+

† יוֹם n.m. Ezr 6:15 day (v. BH);—abs. י׳ Ezr 6:9(×2), 15, emph. יוֹמָא Dn 6:11, 14; pl. abs. יוֹמִין v 8 +, emph. יוֹמַיָּא 2:28 +; cstr. יוֹמֵי 5:11, and יוֹמָת (K§ 51, 2, Anm. 3) Ezr 4:15, 19; sf. יוֹמֵיהוֹן Dn 2:44;—day, as division of time Dn 6:11, 14, day of month Ezr 6:15; thirty days Dn 6:8, 13; יוֹם בְּיוֹם Ezr 6:9 day by day; pl. especially of duration: עַתִּיק י׳ one aged of days, aged man Dn 7:9, 13, 22; י׳ עָֽלְמָא days of old Ezr 4:15, 19: of a period: life-time, or reign, of king Dn 2:44; 5:11; לִקְצָת י׳ 4:31 at the end of the days (appointed time), בְּאַחֲרִית י׳ 2:28 in the latter part of the (future) days.

† I. [שִׁלֵּשׁ] Pi. denom. do a third time, divide into three parts, etc.;—Pf. 2 ms. וְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ֫ Dt 19:3 divide land into three parts (so Impf. וַיְשַׁלֵּשׁ אֶת־הָעָם [for MT וַיְשַׁלַּח] 2 S 18:2 𝔊L Bu); 1 S 20:19 stay three days (cf. Dr); v 20 We Dr al. (cf. 𝔊) read אֲשַׁלֵּשׁ בַּ׳ (for שְׁלשֶׁת הַ׳) = I will shoot on the third day with the arrows (HPS qu.); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיְשַׁלֵּ֑שׁוּ 1 K 18:34, and Imv. mpl. שַׁלֵּ֑שׁוּ v 34 do a third time. Pu. Pt. מְשֻׁלָּשׁ three years old Gn 15:9 + 1 S 1:24 (read with 𝔊 Th We etc. בְּפַר מְשֻׁלָּשׁ for בְּפָרִם שְׁלשָׁה), f. מְשֻׁלֶּשֶׁת Gn 15:9(×2); הַחוּט הַמְשֻׁלָּשׁ Ec 4:12 the threefold cord; fpl. מְשֻׁלָּשׁוֹת Ez 42:6 three-storied chambers.

ἑξῆς, Epic dialect ἑξείης, adverb, Doric dialect ἑξαν (accent unknown), Refs 3rd c.BC+:— one after another, in order, in a row, ἑξῆς εὐνάζοντο Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰ ἑ. variant in Refs 4th c.BC+ __b in Mathematics texts, ἑ. ἀνάλογον in continued proportion, Refs 3rd c.BC+; οἳ ἑ. ἀριθμοί successive numbers, Refs 3rd c.BC+Spir.Praef.; γραμμαὶ ἑ. κείμεναι placed in order, Refs; τούτου ἑ. γινομένου if this be done continually, Refs __2 ἑ. διεξελθεῖν, λέγειν, in a regular, consequential manner, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ἑ. λόγος the following argument, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __3 Grammars, τὸ ἑ. grammatical sequence, opposed to ὑπερβατόν, Refs 2nd c.AD+; καὶ τὰ ἑ., Latin et cetera, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __4 of Time, thereafter, next, NT+5th c.BC+; ἐν τῷ (variant{τῇ}) ἑ. next day, Refs; εἰς τὸ ἑ. for the future, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4.b of Place, next, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II c.genitive, next to, τινός Refs 5th c.BC+next after.., Refs 4th c.BC+; of logical connexion, Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative, next to, Λάχητι.. τὴν ἑ. θύραν Refs 4th c.BC+; τούτοις ἑ. next in order to, Refs 5th c.BC+ τὸ ἑ. τῇ γεωμετριᾳ what comes next to.., Refs; τὸ ἑ. ἔργον τοῖς Μαραθῶνι next after, Refs; ἑ. Ἀριστογείτονι beside Refs 5th c.BC+; παρὰ τὸ ἑ. τῷ νοερῷ ζῴῳ that which befits.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐπεχορήγησα αὐτῇ τὰ ἑ. made suitable provision for her, Refs 1st c.AD+

Related to: ἔπειμι, (εἶμι __B ibo) infinitive ἐπιέναι, serving in Attic dialect as future of ἐπέρχομαι: Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular imperfect ἐπήϊεν Refs 8th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. plural ἐπήϊσαν Refs 8th c.BC+; Attic dialect ἐπῇα, 3rd.pers. plural ἐπῇσαν: ἐπιείσομαι, -εισαμένη (which see) belong to a different word: __B.I come upon (in future sense, though this is not so fixed in Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.1 of persons, come upon, approach, Refs 8th c.BC+ __B.I.1.b mostly in hostile sense, come against, attack, with dative, Refs 8th c.BC+; in Prose also with Preps., ἐ. ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα, ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ ἐπιόντες the invaders, assailants, Refs 5th c.BC+by assault, Refs 4th c.BC+; but ὁ ἐπιών in Trag., ={ὁ τυχών}, the first comer, τό γ᾽ αἴνιγμ᾽ οὐχὶ τοὐπιόντος ἦν ἀνδρὸς διειπεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.1.c get on the βῆμα to speak, variant for{παριέναι} in Refs 5th c.BC+; come on, of performers, uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.1.d approach, attack a question, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.I.2 of events, come upon or over one, overtake, with accusative, πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν Refs 8th c.BC+: with dative, come near, ὀρυμαγδὸς ἐπήϊεν ἐρχομένοισιν Refs 8th c.BC+; δεινῶν ἐπιόντων πᾶσι Ἕλλησι threatening them, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸ ἐπιόν the (madness) which threatens me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.I.2.b with dative person, come into one's head, occur to one, εἰ καὶ ἐπίοι αὐτῷ λέγειν if it so much as occurred to him to say.., Refs 5th c.BC+what occurs to one, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II of Time, come on or after: mostly in participle ἐπιών, οῦσα, όν, following, succeeding, instant, ἡ ἐπιοῦσα ἡμέρα the coming day, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐπιοῦσα (i.e. ἡμέρα) NT+5th c.BC+; τοὐπιόν the future, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν ἐ. ἕνεκα because of the consequences, Refs __B.II.2 generally, come after, succeed, κύματα.. βάντ᾽ ἐπιόντα τε Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ἐπιών the successor, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἐπιόντα the words which follow, Refs __B.II.3 rarely, pass, elapse, ἐπιόντος τοῦ χρόνου Refs __B.III go over a space, traverse, visit, ἀγρόν Refs 8th c.BC+; of an officer, ἐ. πύλας Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.2 go over, i.e. count over, φώκας.. ἀριθμήσει καὶ ἔπεισιν Refs 8th c.BC+; think over, τῇ μνήμῃ ἕκαστα Refs 2nd c.AD+; read, Refs 3rd c.AD+

καθεξῆς, adverb, = the more usually ἐφεξῆς, NT+1st c.AD+; poetry κατά θ᾽ ἑξείης Refs 3rd c.AD+

ὄγδοος, η, ον, eighth, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὀγδόη (i.e. ἡμέρα), ὀγδόῃ τῆς πρυτανείας Refs 1st c.AD+ as disyllable, Refs 8th c.BC+

δευτερ-αῖος, α, ον, on the second day, usually agreeing with the subject of the Verb, δ. ἐκ τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ἄστεος ἦν ἐν Σπάρτῃ Refs 5th c.BC+; also τῇ δ. (i.e. ἡμέρᾳ) Refs 5th c.BC+

ἐπιδύω (ἐπιδρομ-δύνω [ῡ] Refs 4th c.AD+, aorist 2 ἐπέδυν, set upon or so as to interrupt an action, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐ. ἐπὶ LXX+1st c.AD+

ὀκτα-ήμερος, ον, eight days old, NT

τεταρτ-αῖος, Aeolic dialect τετόρταιος Refs 3rd c.BC+, α, ον, on the fourth day, τ. γενέσθαι to be four days dead, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 τ. πυρετός quartan fever, Refs 5th c.AD+; so without πυρετός, Refs 5th c.BC+; πυρετῷ καὶ τεταρταίῳ Refs; τ. πονεῖσθαι to have fits every four days, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II τεταρταίη, ={ἡ τετάρτη}, the fourth day, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 quartan fever, Refs 5th c.AD+