Boil Cook Food

† בָּשַׁל vb. boil, seethe (intr.), grow ripe (Aramaic בְּשַׁל, ܒܫܶܠ ripen, Nas. ܒܫܰܠ boil, NSyr. ܒܵܫܸܠ be boiled, cooked, cf. Assyrian bašâlu (bašlu, cooked) ZimBP 76)— Qal Pf. בָּשַׁל Jo 4:13, בָּֽשְׁלוּ Ez 24:5;—boil, cook (intr.) Ez 24:5; grow ripe (of קציר) Jo 4:13;— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. sf. בִּשְּׁלָם 1 K 19:21; וּבִשַּׁלְתָּ֫ Ex 29:31; Dt 16:7, בִּשְּׁלוּ La 4:10 + 2 times, וּבִשְּׁלוּ consec. Zc 14:21; Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּבַשֵּׁל 2 S 13:8; 2 ms. תְּבַשֵּׁל Ex 23:19 + 2 times, יְבַשְּׁלוּ Ez 46:20, 24, וַיְבַשְּׁלוּ 2 Ch 35:13, תְּבַשְּׁלוּ Ex 16:23, וַנְּבַשֵּׁל 2 K 6:29; Imv. בַּשֵּׁל 2 K 4:38, בַּשְּׁלוּ Lv 8:31, בַּשֵּׁ֑לוּ Ex 16:23; Inf. בַּשֵּׁל 1 S 2:13; Pt. מְבַשְּׁלִים Ez 46:24;— 1. boil (tr.) obj. om. Nu 11:8, בָּשָׂר 1 S 2:13; גְּדִי Ex 23:19; 34:26; Dt 14:21; נזיד 2 K 4:38; of offerings, obj. הקדשׁים 2 Ch 35:13; obj. אשׁם Ez 46:20, זבח Ez 46:24 (no obj.) v 24, cf. Zc 14:21 (no obj.); Ex 16:23(×2) opp. אפה bake. 2. cook (general), obj. בשׂר 1 K 19:21 Ex 29:31; Lv 8:31 (both P); obj. בֵּן 2 K 6:29 cf. יֶלֶד La 4:10; hence also of הפסח Dt 16:7 (cf. Di; ‖ Ex 12:8, 9 has צְלִי אֵשׁ opp. מְבֻשָּׁל בַּמַּיִם) 2 Ch 35:13 (בָּאֵשׁ), cakes (הלבבות) 2 S 13:8. Pu. Pf. 3 fs. בֻּשָּׁ֑לָה Lv 6:21; Impf. 3 fs. תְּבֻשַּׁל־ Lv 6:21; Pt. מְבֻשָּׁל Ex 12:9; 1 S 2:15;—be boiled, sodden, במים Ex 12:9 cf. Lv 6:21(×2) (all P) 1 S 2:15. Hiph. Pf. הִבְשִׁילוּ ripened, brought to ripeness Gn 40:10 (grape-clusters).

† אָפָה vb. bake (Assyrian epû, ZimBP 43 Aramaic אֲפָא, ܐܶܦܳܐ )— Qal Pf. א׳ Gn 19:3; אָפִיתִי Is 44:19; וְאָפוּ consec. Lv 26:26 etc.; Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתֹּפֵהוּ 1 S 28:24; יֹאפוּ Ez 46:20; תֹּאפוּ Ex 16:23; Imv. אֵפוּ Ex 16:23; Pt. אֹפֶה Gn 40:1 +; אֹפֵהֶם Ho 7:6; pl. אֹפִים Gn 40:16 +; אֹפוֹת 1 S 8:13, etc.—bake, obj. לֶחֶם Lv 26:26 (H) Is 44:15, 19 (cf. Je 37:21); מַצּוֹת Gn 19:3 (J) 1 S 28:24; עֻגֹת מצות Ex 12:39 (J); חַלּוֹת Lv 24:5 (H); מִנְחָה Ez 46:20; מָן Ex 16:23(×2) (P;—c. 2nd obj. of material Ex 12:39 בָּצֵק, Lv 24:5 סֹלֶת, 1 S 28:24 קֶמַח). Pt. always as subst. baker Gn 40:1, 2, 5, 16, 17, 20, 22; 41:10 (all E) Ho 7:4, 6; Je 37:21 מִחוּץ הָא׳ out of the bakers’ street; also 1 S 8:13 (‖ טַבָּחוֹת, רַקָּחוֹת; only here fem.) Nowhere as a menial office, not even 1 S 8:13 where despotic power & growth of court emphasized. Niph. Impf. 3 fs. תֵּאָפֶה Lv 6:10; 7:9; 3 fpl. תֵּאָפֶינָה Lv 23:17;—pass. of Qal be baked, baken of לֶחֶם Lv 23:17; מִנְחָה 7:9 cf. 6:10.

† [זִיד, זוּד] vb. boil up, seethe, act proudly, presumptuously, rebelliously (NH Hiph. הזיד as Heb.; Aramaic of Zinjirli זד presumptuous, DHMSendsch. 56; Arabic زَادَ (med. ى) increase, exceed, exaggerate, e.g. in talk; also Sab. n.pr. זיד (زَيْد) DHMEpigr. Denkm. 44 זידאל Id. ib. 52 (on distinct. betw. זוד and זיד in Sab. v. Sab.Denkm. 64); perhaps also Sab. מזדודן great one, prince, e.g. SabDenkm 89)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. זָ֫דָה Je 50:29; 3 pl. זָ֫דוּ Ex 18:11;—of Egyptians, בַּדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר זָדוּ עֲלֵיהֶם Ex 18:11 (E) in the matter as to which they acted presumptuously against them; of Babylon, אֶל־י׳ זָדָה Je 50:29 against י׳ hath she acted presumptuously. Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. הֵזִידוּ Ne 9:10 + 2 times; Impf. 3 ms. יָזִיד Dt 18:20, יָזִד Ex 21:14; וַיָּ֫זֶד Gn 25:29; 3 mpl. יְזִידוּן Dt 17:13; 2 mpl. וַתָּזִדוּ Dt 1:43; 1. boil, seethe, trans., וַיָּ֫זֶד יַעֲקֹב נָזִיד Gn 25:29 and Jacob boiled pottage. 2. act presumptuously, insolently, Ex 21:14 (JE) כִּי יָזִד אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ לְהָרְגוֹ בְעָרְמָה when a man acteth presumptuously against his neighbour to slay him; usually against י׳; sq. vb. fin. Dt 1:43 and ye acted presumptuously and went up; sq. inf. 18:20 the prophet who shall presume to speak a word in my name; also abs. 17:13; elsewhere only Ne; of Egyptians 9:10 sq. עַל (= Qal Ex 18:11); abs. v 16 (‖ וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם וְלֹא שָֽׁמְעוּ וגו׳); v 29 (‖ וְלֹא שָֽׁמְעוּ וגו׳).

† נָזִיד n.[m.] thing sodden or boiled, pottage; abs. נ׳ Gn 25:29 + 4 times; cstr. נְזִיד Gn 25:34;—a kind of boiled leguminous food, obj. of וַיָּ֫זֶד Gn 25:29 (v. זוּד Hiph.); defined v 34 as נְזִיד עֲדָשִׁים (v. עדשׁ); obj. of בַּשֵּׁל 2 K 4:38; boiled in a סִיר v 39 cf. v 40; mentioned, appar. as a common food, Hg 2:12.

† [צָלָה] vb. roast flesh (NH id.; so Arabic صَلَا (ى), Ethiopic ጸለወ: );— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִצְלֶה צָלִי Is 44:16 he roasteth a roast; 1 s. אֶצְלֶה בָשָׂר v 19; Inf. cstr. לִצְלוֹת 1 S 2:15 give flesh (בָּשָׂר) to roast.

† [רָתַח] vb. boil (NH id.; Ecclus 43:3 Hiph. make hot; Aramaic רְתַח, ܪܬܰܚ boil);— Pi. Imv. ms. רַתַּח causat. Ez 24:5 cause to boil, bring to boiling, c. acc. rei. Pu. Pf. 3 pl. רֻתְּחוּ Jb 30:27 my bowels have been made to boil without quiet (fig. of violent emotion). Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַרְתִּיחַ כַּסִּיר מְצוּלָה Jb 41:23 he (the crocod.) maketh the depth boil like the pot.

† בָּשֵׁל adj. cooked, boiled (Assyrian bašlu, ripe COT Gloss)—Ex 12:9 בָּשֵׁל מְבֻשָּׁל במים; f. בְּשֵׁלָה Nu 6:19, (both P).

ὀπτός, ή, όν, __A roasted, broiled, σῖτός τε κρέα τ᾽ ὀπτά Refs 8th c.BC+; ἑφθὰ καὶ ὀπτά boiled meats and roast, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 baked, βοῦν καὶ ἵππον.. ὀπτοὺς ἐν καμίνοισι Refs 5th c.BC+; of bread, Refs; of fish, Refs 3rd c.BC+; also of bricks and pottery, baked, burned, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; of soil, parched, Refs 5th c.BC+ best dressed or done, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.3 of iron, forged, tempered, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.4 scorched, τὰ ὑπέρθυρ᾽ ὀπτά Refs 3rd c.BC+

† מְבַשְּׁלוֹת n.f.pl. cooking-places Ez 46:23 (cf. בֵּית הַמְֿבַשְּׁלִים v 24).

† [רֶ֫תַח] n.[m.] boiling;—pl. sf. רְתָחֶיהָ Ez 24:5, as acc. cogn. cause its boilings to boil, make it boil vigorously; but read נְתָחֶיהָ Hi-Sm Co Da (poss.) and all mod. (cf. v 4, 6; ‖ עצמים).