H8316 H8316
Burning, conflagration; a burn wound or scar on skin
The feminine noun sherefah denotes the act or result of burning. In most of its thirteen occurrences it refers to destructive fire or ritual burning: the firing of bricks at Babel (Gen 11:3), the burning of the red heifer (Num 19:6), the spice-burning funeral rites for Judah's kings (2 Chr 16:14; 21:19), and the devastating conflagration of the land or temple (Isa 64:10; Jer 51:25). A distinct but related sense appears in Levitical skin-disease regulations, where it designates the mark or scar left by a burn on flesh rather than the fire event itself.
Senses
1. burning, conflagration — The act or event of burning, whether constructive, ritual, penal, or destructive. Genesis 11:3 pairs it with the verb saraf for brick-firing; Numbers 19:6 and 19:17 apply it to the incineration of the red heifer in purification ritual. In 2 Chronicles 16:14 and 21:19, the cognate accusative construction describes the burning of spices at royal funerals — a ceremonial rite Spanish renders as 'quema de' and English as 'burning-of.' The prophets use it for catastrophic fire: Isaiah 9:4 depicts garments as fuel for burning, Isaiah 64:10 mourns the temple 'become a burning of fire,' and Jeremiah 51:25 denounces Babylon as 'a burnt-out mountain.' The multilingual evidence uniformly points to an event of combustion rather than its physical aftermath. 11×
AR["-الحَرِيقَةَ","إِحْرَاقًا","حَرِيقٍ","حَرِيقِ","حَرْقًا","كَ-إِحْرَاقِ","لِ-حَرَقِ","لِـ-حَرِيقٍ","مِنَ-الحَريقِ"]·ben["-অগ্নিদাহের-মত","-দাহ","অগ্নিকাণ্ড-থেকে","অগ্নিদাহ","আগুন","দহনে","পোড়ানোর","পোড়ানোর-জন্য","পোড়ার"]·DE["[כשרפת]","[לשרפה]","[לשרפת]","[משרפה]","[שרפה]","burning-von","der-burning","zu-einem-Brand"]·EN["a-burning-of","burning","burning-of","for-burning","from-burning","like-burning-of","the-burning","to-burning"]·FR["[כשרפת]","[לשרפה]","[לשרפת]","[שרפה]","brûlant-de","brûlure","le-brûlant","à-brûlant"]·heb["ה-שרפה","כ-שרפת","ל-שריפה","ל-שריפת","ל-שרפה","מ-שׂריפה","שריפה","שרפה","שרפת"]·HI["जलन-का","जलने-के-लिए","जलाना","जलाने-के-लिए","जलाने-को","जलानेकेसमान-","जलावट-की","जलावा","पकने-के-लिये","से-आग"]·ID["dari-kebakaran","kebakaran","makanan-bagi","pembakaran","sampai-terbakar","seperti-pembakaran","untuk-dibakar","yang-terbakar"]·IT["[כשרפת]","[לשרפה]","[לשרפת]","[משרפה]","[שרפה]","a-burning","burning-di","il-burning"]·jav["ingkang-kobong","kados-pembakaranipun-","kangge-kobaran","kangge-kobongan","kobongan","ngangge-geni","pambakar","pembakaran","saking-kobaran"]·KO["그-불타음을","로부터-불","불로","불사름을","불사름이요","불타는","에-소디가","처럼-불사름","태움-의","화장"]·PT["como-queimação-de","de-incêndio","o-incêndio","para-queima","para-queimadura-de","queima","queima-de","queimadura","queimação"]·RU["в-обжиг","для-сожжения","из-пожарища","как-сожжение","сожжение","сожжением-","сожжения","сожжённой"]·ES["a-fuego","como-quema-de","de-incendio","la-quema","para-quemadura-de","para-quemar","quema","quema-de","quemado"]·SW["kama-moto-wa","kuchomwa-kwa","kuteketeza-kwa","kutoka-mwakoni","kwa-kuchomwa","kwa-moto","mchomo","moto","wa-moto"]·TR["ateş","ateş-yakma","ateş-yakması-gibi","pişirme-ile","yakmak-icin","yangından","yangını","yangınının","yanmasina-","yanmış"]·urd["آگ","آگ-سے","جلا-ہوا","جلانا","جلانے","جلانے-کو","جلانے-کے-لیے","جلنے","جلنے-کی","جیسے-جلایا-تھا"]
2. burn mark, burn scar — The physical mark or wound left by burning on skin — a burn scar or brand. This sense appears in the Levitical diagnosis of skin conditions (Lev 13:24-28, reflected at Num 16:37 and Deut 29:23 in the clustering data), where priests must examine whether a burn mark shows signs of infection. Spanish consistently renders it 'quemadura' (a burn wound) rather than 'quema' (an act of burning), and English shifts to 'the burning' as a noun of result rather than action, confirming the distinction from the event-sense. 2×
AR["الْحَرِيقِ","مُحْتَرِقَةً"]·ben["দগ্ধ","দহনের"]·DE["burning","der-burning"]·EN["burning","the-burning"]·FR["brûlant","le-brûlant"]·heb["ה-שרפה","שריפה"]·HI["जली-हुई","जले-हुए-से"]·ID["pembakaran","pembakaran-itu"]·IT["burning","il-burning"]·jav["kobongan","kobongan-punika"]·KO["불","불태움이라"]·PT["o-queimado","queimadura"]·RU["пожара","пожарище"]·ES["la-quemadura","quemadura"]·SW["kuungua","moto"]·TR["yangının","yanık"]·urd["جلنے-کے","جلی-ہوئی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† שְׂרֵפָה n.f. burning;—abs. שׂ׳ Is 9:4 +, cstr. שְׂרֵפַת Nu 19:6 +;—לשׂ׳ of brick-burning Gn 11:3 (+ שָׂרַף); destructive Am 4:11; Is 9:4, of land Dt 29:22, of temple, הָיָה לִשְׂרֵפַת אֵשׁ Is 64:10, הַר שׂ׳ Je 51:25 i.e. a burnt-out volcano (fig. of Bab.); of heifer Nu 19:6, cf. v 17; of spices (prob.) as funeral rite 2 Ch 16:14 (as acc. cogn.), 21:19 (obj. of עָשָׂה), v 19; of pers. (penal) Lv 10:6 (acc. cogn., י׳ subj.), Nu 17:2.