H6776 H6776
A pair or yoke of animals, especially draft oxen; by extension, an acre — the land area a yoke of oxen plows in a day.
This noun fundamentally means a pair or team of animals yoked together for work. Saul cut a yoke of oxen (צֶמֶד בָּקָר) and sent the pieces throughout Israel as a summons to war (1 Samuel 11:7), and Elisha was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen when Elijah called him (1 Kings 19:19). Spanish 'par de' and French 'paire de' consistently translate the pairing. The word extends naturally to a land measure — an acre being the area one yoke of oxen could plow in a day. Isaiah 5:10 prophesies that 'ten acres of vineyard' (עֲשֶׂרֶת צִמְדֵּי כֶרֶם) will yield only one bath, a devastating image of agricultural failure.
Senses
1. pair, yoke (of animals) — A pair, yoke, or team of draft animals joined together, especially oxen. In 1 Samuel 11:7 Saul dismembers a yoke of oxen as a call to arms; Job 1:3 and 42:12 count wealth in yoke of oxen; 1 Kings 19:19 pictures Elisha plowing with twelve pairs. Spanish 'par de' and French 'paire de' capture the paired unit. The word also applies to pairs of donkeys (Judges 19:3, 10), mules (2 Kings 5:17), and horsemen (Isaiah 21:7, 9), always emphasizing the two-as-one unit yoked for a shared task. 14×
AR["زَوْجًا","زَوْجَ","زَوْجَيْنِ","زَوْجُ","زَوْجِ-","فَدَّانَ","فَدَّانِ","فَدّانِ","وَ-زَوْجُ","وَزَوجٌ-","وَفَدَّانَهُ"]·ben["আর-তার-জোয়ালকে","একজোড়া","এবং-জোড়া","জোড়া","জোড়ায়"]·DE["[וצמדו]","[צמד]","pair-von","pairs","und-ein-pair-von","und-pair-von","yoke-von","yokes"]·EN["and-a-pair-of","and-his-team","and-pair-of","pair-of","pairs","yoke-of","yokes"]·FR["[וצמדו]","[צמד]","et-paire-de","et-un-pair-de","joug-de","pair-de","paire-de","pairs","yokes","צמד"]·heb["ו-צמד","ו-צמדו","צֶמֶד","צמד","צמד-","צמדים"]·HI["और-उसकी-जोड़ी","और-जोड़ी","चमादीम","जोड़ा","जोड़ी","जोड़ी-","बैलों-के"]·ID["berpasangan","dan-pasangan-lembunya","dan-sepasang","lembu","pasang","pasangan","sepasang"]·IT["[וצמדו]","[צמד]","e-pair-di","e-un-pair-di","giogo-di","paio","pair-di","pairs","yokes"]·jav["jodhang-kalih","lan-pasangan","lan-sapi-sapiné","lan-sepasang","pasang","pasangan","sepasang"]·KO["그리고-쌓의-멍에를-그의","그리고-한-쌍의","쌍을","쌍을-지어","쌍의","쌓-의","쳐의","한-겨리","한-쌈","한-쌍의","한-쌓-의"]·PT["e-par-de","e-sua-junta","junta-de","juntas","juntas-de","juntas-de-","juntos","par-de"]·RU["и-пара","и-упряжку-его","пар","пара","парой","пару","пары-","упряжек","упряжки","упряжку"]·ES["par-de","parejas","un-par-de","y-par-de","y-su-yunta","yugada-de","yunta-de","yuntas","yuntas-de"]·SW["jozi","jozi-ya","jozi-ya-","jozi-za-ng'ombe","na-jozi","na-jozi-yake","pamoja"]·TR["cift-","cifti-","ve-çift","ve-çiftini","çift","çift-","çift-öküz","çiftler"]·urd["اور-اُس-کی-جوڑی-کو","اور-جوڑا","اور-جوڑی","بیلوں-کی","جوڑا","جوڑوں-میں","جوڑی","جوڑی-خچروں-کی","جوڑے"]
Judg 19:3, Judg 19:10, 1 Sam 11:7, 1 Sam 14:14, 2 Sam 16:1, 1 Kgs 19:19, 1 Kgs 19:21, 2 Kgs 5:17, 2 Kgs 9:25, Job 1:3, Job 42:12, Isa 21:7 (+2 more)
2. acre (land measure) — An acre — a measure of land area, originally defined as the amount of ground a yoke of oxen could plow in one day. Isaiah 5:10 is the sole occurrence: 'ten acres of vineyard shall yield but one bath,' using the plural construct צִמְדֵּי. Spanish 'yugadas de' (from 'yugo,' yoke) preserves the etymological link beautifully. This agricultural metaphor extends the concrete image of yoked animals to the land they work, the only square measure attested in the Hebrew Bible. 1×
AR["أَزوَاجِ-"]·ben["জোড়া-"]·DE["[צמדי]"]·EN["yokes-of-"]·FR["[צמדי]"]·heb["צמדי-"]·HI["जोड़ी-"]·ID["juk-"]·IT["[צמדי]"]·jav["jodho-"]·KO["에이커의-"]·PT["parelhas-de"]·RU["участков-"]·ES["yugadas-de"]·SW["jozi-za"]·TR["cifti-"]·urd["جوڑے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† צֶ֫מֶד n.m. 1 K 19:19 couple, pair;—צ׳ cstr. Ju 19:3 +; sf. צִמְדּוֹ Je 51:23; pl. צְמָדִים 1 K 19:19; 2 K 9:25 (but v. infr.); cstr. צִמְדֵּי Is 5:10 (Ges§ 93 m);— 1. couple, pair, usually of animals, צ׳ חֲמֹרִים Ju 19:3, 10; 2 S 16:1; צ׳ (הַ)בָּקָר span of oxen 1 S 11:7; 1 K 19:21, pl. of more than one span v 19 (ploughing), Jb 1:3; 42:12; צֶמֶד פְּרָדִים 2 K 5:17; צ׳ פָּרָשִׁים Is 21:7, 9 a…