H6343 H6343
Dread, terror, fear; a sudden calamity; the object of dread or divine epithet ('the Fear of Isaac')
Pachad names fear at its most visceral — the trembling dread that grips body and soul. It describes the terror of the nations before Israel (Deut 2:25; 11:25), the shuddering that seizes Job in the night (Job 4:14), and the awe that falls on peoples when God acts (Exod 15:16). In Proverbs, the word shifts from emotion to event: 'sudden calamity' is what befalls the mocker (Prov 1:26–27; 3:25). Most remarkably, in Genesis 31:42 and 53, Jacob swears by 'the Pachad of Isaac' — the Dread One, God himself as the awesome Being his father revered. Spanish 'temor/terror' and German 'Schrecken' consistently mirror the intensity.
Senses
1. dread, terror, fear — The subjective emotion of dread, terror, or fear — the dominant sense across 43 occurrences. Paired with yir'ah and mora' (Deut 2:25; 11:25), it names trembling that overwhelms enemies before God or Israel. Job feels it grip his bones (Job 4:14), and the psalmist's flesh trembles for dread of God (Ps 119:120). Spanish 'temor/terror' and German 'Schrecken' carry this weight. 43×
AR["خَوفُ", "خَوْفًا", "خَوْفٌ", "خَوْفٍ.", "خَوْفَ", "خَوْفُ", "خَوْفُ‒", "رُعبُ", "رُعْبًا", "رُعْبٌ", "رُعْبُ", "رُعْبُ-", "فَزَعًا", "فَزَعٌ"]·ben["ভয়", "ভয়-"]·DE["Schrecken", "ein-Schrecken", "fürchten-von"]·EN["Terror", "a-dread", "dread", "dread-of", "dread-of-", "fear", "fear-of", "fear-of-", "terror"]·FR["[פחד]", "terreur"]·heb["פחד"]·HI["डर", "डर-बड़े", "भय", "भय-", "भय-से"]·ID["Kengerian", "Ketakutan", "dengan-ketakutan", "kengerian", "ketakutan"]·IT["terrore"]·jav["Ajrih", "ajrih", "ajrih-", "kadursilanan", "kajrihan", "medeni", "pagiris", "sami-mangertos"]·KO["공포를", "두려움", "두려움-과", "두려움-을", "두려움-이", "두려움과", "두려움을", "두려움이", "의-두려움-"]·PT["Pavor", "Terror", "de-medo", "pavor", "pavor-de-", "temor", "temor-de", "temor.", "terror"]·RU["Страх", "Ужас", "страх", "страх-", "страха", "страхом", "ужас"]·ES["Temor", "Terror", "temor", "temor-de", "terror", "terror-de", "terror-de-"]·SW["Hofu", "hofu", "hofu-ya", "woga", "ya-Wayahudi"]·TR["Korku", "korku", "korku-", "korkusu", "korkusu-"]·urd["خوف", "خوف-", "خوف-کے", "دہشت", "ڈر", "ڈر-سے", "ڈَر"]
Exod 15:16, Deut 2:25, Deut 11:25, Deut 28:67, 1 Sam 11:7, 1 Chr 14:17, 2 Chr 14:14, 2 Chr 17:10, 2 Chr 19:7, 2 Chr 20:29, Esth 8:17, Esth 9:2 (+31 more)
2. sudden calamity, disaster — A concrete event of sudden calamity or disaster — the dreaded thing itself, not merely the emotion. Proverbs warns that 'your dread' will come like a storm (Prov 1:27; 3:25), and Job asks whether anyone is free from sudden terrors (Job 15:21; 21:9). Spanish 'de temor' and German 'von Schrecken' mark the shift from feeling to event. 4×
AR["رُعُوبٍ", "مِنَ-الْخَوْفِ", "مِنْ-خَوْفٍ", "مِنْ-خَوْفِ"]·ben["-এর-ভয়-থেকে", "-এর-ভয়-থেকে-আকস্মিক", "-ভয়-থেকে", "ভয়ের"]·DE["[פחדים]", "von-Schrecken"]·EN["from-dread", "from-the-dread-of", "of-sudden", "terrors"]·FR["de-terreur", "terreur"]·heb["מ-פחד", "פחדים"]·HI["भय-से", "भयों-की"]·ID["dari-ketakutan", "ketakutan-ketakutan"]·IT["da-terrore", "terrore"]·jav["kagegiran", "saking-ajrih", "saking-kagila-gila", "saking-wedi"]·KO["두려움-없이", "두려움-을", "두려움들의", "두려움에서"]·PT["de-medo", "de-pavor", "de-temor-de", "terrores"]·RU["от-страха", "ужасов"]·ES["de-temor", "sin-temor", "sin-temor-de", "terrores"]·SW["bila-hofu", "bila-hofu-ya", "hofu"]·TR["den-korkudan", "korkudan", "korkuların", "korkusundan-"]·urd["خوف-سے", "خوفوں-کی"]
3. object of dread, Fear (divine epithet) — That which is feared — a divine epithet used uniquely of God as 'the Fear of Isaac' (Gen 31:42, 53). Jacob invokes not an emotion but a Person: the awesome Being whom his father revered and by whose dread authority covenants are sealed. Spanish 'temor-de' and French 'Crainte-de' preserve the construct-chain that signals this is a title, not an abstraction. 2×
AR["بِ-رُعْبِ", "وَ-رُعْبُ"]·ben["এবং-ভয়", "ভয়ে"]·DE["beim-Schrecken", "und-der-Schrecken"]·EN["and-Fear-of", "by-Fear-of"]·FR["et-Crainte-de", "par-Crainte-de"]·heb["ב-פחד", "ו-פחד"]·HI["और-भय", "भय-की"]·ID["dan-yang-ditakuti", "demi-yang-ditakuti"]·IT["da-Fear-di", "e-Fear-di"]·jav["déning-Ingkang-Dipunajrihi", "lan-Ingkang-Dipunajrihi"]·KO["그리고-두려움이", "에-대한-두려움으로"]·PT["e-temor-de", "por-temor-de"]·RU["Страхом", "и-Страх"]·ES["por-temor-de", "y-temor-de"]·SW["kwa-Hofu-ya", "na-Hofu-ya"]·TR["-Korkusuna", "ve-Korkusu"]·urd["اور-خوف", "خوف-کی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
I. פַּ֫חַד49 n.m. 1 S 11:7 dread;—פ׳ abs. Gn 31:42 +, cstr. 1 S 11:7 +, sf. פַּחְדְּךָ Dt 2:25 ψ 119:120, פַּחְדּוֹ Jb 13:11 1 Ch 14:17, etc.; pl. פְּחָדִים Jb 15:21:— 1. dread, פ׳ י׳, i.e. before י׳, often (not always) terrifying, unfitting for action, †Is 2:10, 19, 21; 1 S 11:7; 2 Ch 14:13; 17:10, so פ׳ אֱלֹהִים †20:29, c. sf. Jb 13:11 ψ 119:120 trembleth for dread of thee; c. genit. obj. Isr.,…