H5081 H5081
Noble, prince; willing, generous — a person of high rank, a generous spirit, or noble qualities
The adjective and noun נָדִיב comes from the root נָדַב ('to impel, volunteer') and holds together the ideas of social nobility and inner generosity. As a substantive it names princes and leaders — those who dug the well in the wilderness song (Num 21:18) and sit alongside kings (Ps 113:8). As an adjective it describes the willing-hearted donors of the tabernacle (Exod 35:5, 22) and the 'willing spirit' David prays for (Ps 51:12). Isaiah 32:5-8 plays on both dimensions: the truly noble person devises noble things, while the fool is no longer called נָדִיב.
Senses
1. noble, prince (person of rank) — A noble person, prince, or dignitary — used substantively for someone of high social standing or political authority. The Song of the Well celebrates nobles (נְדִיבֵי) who dug with their staffs (Num 21:18), Hannah sings of God seating the poor among princes (1 Sam 2:8), and Job and the Psalms frequently pair נְדִיבִים with kings and rulers (Job 12:21; 34:18; Ps 47:10; 83:12; 107:40; 113:8; 118:9; 146:3). Spanish príncipes and French noble confirm the social-rank reading throughout. 19×
AR["أُمَراءِ", "الأُمَراء", "الشُّرَفاء", "النَّبِيلِ", "النُّبَلاءِ", "الْعُظَمَاءِ", "بِـ-الأُمَرَاءِ", "شَرِيفٍ", "شُرَفاءُ", "شُرَفَاءَهُمْ", "على-الأُمَراء", "لِنَبيلٍ", "نَبيلٍ", "نُبَلاءَ", "نُبَلَاءَ", "نُبَلَاءُ", "وَ-النُّبَلَاءُ"]·ben["-অধিপতিদের-মধ্যে", "-মহৎলোকের", "অধিপতিদের", "অভিজাতদের", "অভিজাতরা", "এবং-মহানেরা", "তাদের-অধিপতিদের", "নেতাদের-উপরে", "মহানের", "মহৎ", "মহৎ-ব্যক্তির", "মহৎকে", "মহৎদের", "সম্ভ্রান্তদের", "সম্ভ্রান্তরা"]·DE["[ונדיבים]", "[לנדיב]", "[נדיב]", "[נדיבים]", "ihr-nobles", "in-princes", "nobles", "nobles-von", "princes", "princes-von"]·EN["a-noble", "and-nobles", "in-princes", "noble", "nobles", "nobles-of", "princes", "princes-of", "their-nobles"]·FR["[נדיבים]", "dans-noble", "de-prince!", "et-noble", "noble", "nobles", "nobles-de", "à-noble"]·heb["ב-נדיבים", "ו-נדיבים", "ל-נדיב", "נדיב", "נדיבי", "נדיבים", "נדיבימו"]·HI["अधिकारियों", "अधिकारी", "उदार-का", "उदार-की", "उदार-के", "उदार-को", "उदारों-को", "उनके-प्रधानों-को", "और-उदार", "प्रधानों", "प्रधानों-के", "प्रधानों-पर", "रईसों", "रईसों-के", "राजकुमारों-पर", "श्रेष्ठों", "सरदार-का"]·ID["bangsawan", "bangsawan-bangsawan", "bangsawan-mereka", "dan-para-bangsawan", "kepada-para-bangsawan", "orang-orang-mulia", "para-bangsawan", "untuk-bangsawan"]·IT["e-nobile", "nobile", "nobili", "nobles-di", "per-nobile"]·jav["Gusti Allah", "dhateng-para-pangagèng", "dhateng-para-pangeran", "kanggé-tiyang-luhur", "lan-para-bangsawan", "luhur", "pangeran", "para-luhur-ipun", "para-pangageng", "para-pangagèng", "para-panggedhé", "para-priyayi", "para-tiyang-pinilih", "tiyang-luhur"]·KO["고귀한-자", "고귀한-자-에게", "고귀한-자-의", "고귀한-자들-을", "귀인들", "귀족-의", "귀족들", "귀족들-과", "귀족들-안에서", "귀족들-의", "귀족들의", "귀족의", "귀한-자들-이", "그들-의-귀족들-을", "그리고-귀족-들-이", "에-귀족들을"]·PT["Os-nobres-dos", "a-nobre", "a-seus-nobres", "e-nobres", "em-príncipes", "nobre", "nobres", "nobres-de", "os-príncipes", "príncipe", "príncipes"]·RU["-знатных", "вельмож", "вельможи", "для-знатного", "знатного", "знатные", "знатным", "знатными", "знатных", "и-знатные -", "князей-их", "на-вельмож", "на-властителей"]·ES["a-nobles", "en-príncipes", "los-nobles,", "los-príncipes-de", "noble", "nobles", "nobles-de", "nobles-de-ellos", "para-noble", "príncipe", "príncipe?", "príncipes", "un-noble", "y-nobles"]·SW["Wakuu-wa", "mkuu", "na-wakubwa", "wakuu", "wakuu-wa", "wakuu-wao", "watukufu", "ya-mkuu"]·TR["Soyluları", "cömertin", "soyLularını", "soylu", "soylu-lara", "soylular", "soylulara", "soylularla", "soyluları", "soyluların", "soylulerin", "ve-soylular"]·urd["امیر-کا", "امیروں", "امیروں-پر-بھروسا", "امیروں-کے", "اور-شریف", "اُن-کے-امیروں-کو", "بِ-امیروں-پر", "رئیسوں", "رئیسوں-نے", "سردار", "سرداروں-کو", "شریف-کو", "شریف-کی", "شریف-کے", "شریفوں-کو", "شریفوں-کے", "عزیزوں-پر"]
2. willing, generous, noble-hearted — Willing, generous, or noble-hearted — describing a person's inner disposition rather than social rank. The tabernacle call gathers every נְדִיב לֵב, 'willing of heart' (Exod 35:5, 22), David prays for a רוּחַ נְדִיבָה, 'willing spirit' (Ps 51:12), and Hezekiah addresses those whose hearts are willing for temple service (2 Chr 29:31). Spanish generoso/voluntario and French disposé ('disposed, willing') consistently mark the volitional, inward quality that distinguishes this sense from mere rank. 6×
AR["سَخِيَّةٍ", "سَخِيِّ", "مُتَبَرِّعٍ", "وَ-الشَّرِيفُ"]·ben["উদার", "ও-মহান", "মুক্ত", "স্বেচ্ছাদানকারী"]·DE["[ונדיב]", "[נדיב]", "willig-von", "willing"]·EN["But-the-noble", "willing", "willing-of"]·FR["[ונדיב]", "[נדיב]", "disposé-de", "noble"]·heb["ו-נדיב", "נדיב", "נדיבה"]·HI["उदार", "उदार-दिल", "परन्तु-उदार"]·ID["-sukarelawan", "Tetapi-orang-mulia", "rela", "yang-rela"]·IT["[נדיב]", "e-nobile", "nobile", "willing-di"]·jav["ingkang-mardika", "lan", "lila", "lilà", "nanging-tiyang-luhur"]·KO["그러나-고귀한-자는", "자원자", "자원하는"]·PT["E-nobre", "generoso-de", "generoso-de-", "voluntário"]·RU["А-благородный", "благородным", "добровольца", "усердный", "щедрый"]·ES["generoso", "generoso-de", "voluntario", "y-el-noble"]·SW["Lakini-mkarimu", "mkarimu", "mwenye-hiari-", "mwenye-moyo-mkarimu", "ya-kupenda"]·TR["Ve-soylu", "gönüllü", "istekli"]·urd["آزاد", "اور-شریف", "راضی", "رضامند", "سخی"]
3. noble things (abstract) — Noble things or noble qualities considered abstractly — the virtues, plans, or deeds that characterize true nobility. Isaiah 32:5 warns that the fool will no longer be called נָדִיב, and 32:8 declares that the noble person devises נְדִיבוֹת ('noble things') and by noble things stands. Song 6:12 contributes the enigmatic עַמִּי נָדִיב, which may mean 'my noble people' in abstract. Spanish noblezas and French noble as an abstract adjective capture this shift from person to quality. 4×
AR["أُمُورًا-شَرِيفَةً", "أُمُورٍ-شَرِيفَةٍ", "شَرِيفًا", "نَدِيب"]·ben["-মহৎ।", "মহত্ত্বের", "মহান"]·DE["[נדיב]", "[נדיבות]"]·EN["noble", "noble-things"]·FR["[נדיב]", "[נדיבות]", "noble."]·heb["נדיב", "נדיבות"]·HI["उदार", "उदारता"]·ID["hal-hal-mulia", "mulia"]·IT["nobile"]·jav["bab-luhur", "luhur"]·KO["고귀한-것들에", "고귀한-것들을", "고귀한-자라고", "귀족-의"]·PT["coisas-nobres", "nobre"]·RU["благородное", "благородном", "благородным", "знатного."]·ES["noble", "noblezas"]·SW["mambo-ya-ukarimu", "mkarimu", "ukarimu", "wakuu"]·TR["soylu", "soyluluklar", "soyluluklarin"]·urd["شرافت", "شریف"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נָדִיב adj. and n.m. Is 32:8 inclined, generous, noble;—abs. נ׳ Is 32:5 + 6 times; cstr. נְדִיב Ex 35:5 + 2 times; f. נְדִיבָה ψ 51:14; pl. נְדִיבִים Is 13:2 + 9 times; cstr. נְדִיבֵי Nu 21:18 + 2 times; sf. נְדִיבֵמוֹ ψ 83:12;— 1. incited, inclined, willing, נְדִיב לֵב Ex 35:5, 22 (P), 2 Ch 29:31 (v. נָדַב Qal), נָדִיב בְחָכְמָה 28:21; רוּחַ נְדִיבָה ψ 51:14 a willing spirit. 2. noble,…