H5081 H5081
Noble, prince; willing, generous — a person of high rank, a generous spirit, or noble qualities
The adjective and noun נָדִיב comes from the root נָדַב ('to impel, volunteer') and holds together the ideas of social nobility and inner generosity. As a substantive it names princes and leaders — those who dug the well in the wilderness song (Num 21:18) and sit alongside kings (Ps 113:8). As an adjective it describes the willing-hearted donors of the tabernacle (Exod 35:5, 22) and the 'willing spirit' David prays for (Ps 51:12). Isaiah 32:5-8 plays on both dimensions: the truly noble person devises noble things, while the fool is no longer called נָדִיב.
Senses
1. noble, prince (person of rank) — A noble person, prince, or dignitary — used substantively for someone of high social standing or political authority. The Song of the Well celebrates nobles (נְדִיבֵי) who dug with their staffs (Num 21:18), Hannah sings of God seating the poor among princes (1 Sam 2:8), and Job and the Psalms frequently pair נְדִיבִים with kings and rulers (Job 12:21; 34:18; Ps 47:10; 83:12; 107:40; 113:8; 118:9; 146:3). Spanish príncipes and French noble confirm the social-rank reading throughout. 19×
AR["أُمَراءِ","الأُمَراء","الشُّرَفاء","النَّبِيلِ","النُّبَلاءِ","الْعُظَمَاءِ","بِـ-الأُمَرَاءِ","شَرِيفٍ","شُرَفاءُ","شُرَفَاءَهُمْ","على-الأُمَراء","لِنَبيلٍ","نَبيلٍ","نُبَلاءَ","نُبَلَاءَ","نُبَلَاءُ","وَ-النُّبَلَاءُ"]·ben["-অধিপতিদের-মধ্যে","-মহৎলোকের","অধিপতিদের","অভিজাতদের","অভিজাতরা","এবং-মহানেরা","তাদের-অধিপতিদের","নেতাদের-উপরে","মহানের","মহৎ","মহৎ-ব্যক্তির","মহৎকে","মহৎদের","সম্ভ্রান্তদের","সম্ভ্রান্তরা"]·DE["[ונדיבים]","[לנדיב]","[נדיב]","[נדיבים]","ihr-nobles","in-princes","nobles","nobles-von","princes","princes-von"]·EN["a-noble","and-nobles","in-princes","noble","nobles","nobles-of","princes","princes-of","their-nobles"]·FR["[נדיבים]","dans-noble","de-prince!","et-noble","noble","nobles","nobles-de","à-noble"]·heb["ב-נדיבים","ו-נדיבים","ל-נדיב","נדיב","נדיבי","נדיבים","נדיבימו"]·HI["अधिकारियों","अधिकारी","उदार-का","उदार-की","उदार-के","उदार-को","उदारों-को","उनके-प्रधानों-को","और-उदार","प्रधानों","प्रधानों-के","प्रधानों-पर","रईसों","रईसों-के","राजकुमारों-पर","श्रेष्ठों","सरदार-का"]·ID["bangsawan","bangsawan-bangsawan","bangsawan-mereka","dan-para-bangsawan","kepada-para-bangsawan","orang-orang-mulia","para-bangsawan","untuk-bangsawan"]·IT["e-nobile","nobile","nobili","nobles-di","per-nobile"]·jav["Gusti Allah","dhateng-para-pangagèng","dhateng-para-pangeran","kanggé-tiyang-luhur","lan-para-bangsawan","luhur","pangeran","para-luhur-ipun","para-pangageng","para-pangagèng","para-panggedhé","para-priyayi","para-tiyang-pinilih","tiyang-luhur"]·KO["고귀한-자","고귀한-자-에게","고귀한-자-의","고귀한-자들-을","귀인들","귀족-의","귀족들","귀족들-과","귀족들-안에서","귀족들-의","귀족들의","귀족의","귀한-자들-이","그들-의-귀족들-을","그리고-귀족-들-이","에-귀족들을"]·PT["Os-nobres-dos","a-nobre","a-seus-nobres","e-nobres","em-príncipes","nobre","nobres","nobres-de","os-príncipes","príncipe","príncipes"]·RU["-знатных","вельмож","вельможи","для-знатного","знатного","знатные","знатным","знатными","знатных","и-знатные -","князей-их","на-вельмож","на-властителей"]·ES["a-nobles","en-príncipes","los-nobles,","los-príncipes-de","noble","nobles","nobles-de","nobles-de-ellos","para-noble","príncipe","príncipe?","príncipes","un-noble","y-nobles"]·SW["Wakuu-wa","mkuu","na-wakubwa","wakuu","wakuu-wa","wakuu-wao","watukufu","ya-mkuu"]·TR["Soyluları","cömertin","soyLularını","soylu","soylu-lara","soylular","soylulara","soylularla","soyluları","soyluların","soylulerin","ve-soylular"]·urd["امیر-کا","امیروں","امیروں-پر-بھروسا","امیروں-کے","اور-شریف","اُن-کے-امیروں-کو","بِ-امیروں-پر","رئیسوں","رئیسوں-نے","سردار","سرداروں-کو","شریف-کو","شریف-کی","شریف-کے","شریفوں-کو","شریفوں-کے","عزیزوں-پر"]
2. willing, generous, noble-hearted — Willing, generous, or noble-hearted — describing a person's inner disposition rather than social rank. The tabernacle call gathers every נְדִיב לֵב, 'willing of heart' (Exod 35:5, 22), David prays for a רוּחַ נְדִיבָה, 'willing spirit' (Ps 51:12), and Hezekiah addresses those whose hearts are willing for temple service (2 Chr 29:31). Spanish generoso/voluntario and French disposé ('disposed, willing') consistently mark the volitional, inward quality that distinguishes this sense from mere rank. 6×
AR["سَخِيَّةٍ","سَخِيِّ","مُتَبَرِّعٍ","وَ-الشَّرِيفُ"]·ben["উদার","ও-মহান","মুক্ত","স্বেচ্ছাদানকারী"]·DE["[ונדיב]","[נדיב]","willig-von","willing"]·EN["But-the-noble","willing","willing-of"]·FR["[ונדיב]","[נדיב]","disposé-de","noble"]·heb["ו-נדיב","נדיב","נדיבה"]·HI["उदार","उदार-दिल","परन्तु-उदार"]·ID["-sukarelawan","Tetapi-orang-mulia","rela","yang-rela"]·IT["[נדיב]","e-nobile","nobile","willing-di"]·jav["ingkang-mardika","lan","lila","lilà","nanging-tiyang-luhur"]·KO["그러나-고귀한-자는","자원자","자원하는"]·PT["E-nobre","generoso-de","generoso-de-","voluntário"]·RU["А-благородный","благородным","добровольца","усердный","щедрый"]·ES["generoso","generoso-de","voluntario","y-el-noble"]·SW["Lakini-mkarimu","mkarimu","mwenye-hiari-","mwenye-moyo-mkarimu","ya-kupenda"]·TR["Ve-soylu","gönüllü","istekli"]·urd["آزاد","اور-شریف","راضی","رضامند","سخی"]
3. noble things (abstract) — Noble things or noble qualities considered abstractly — the virtues, plans, or deeds that characterize true nobility. Isaiah 32:5 warns that the fool will no longer be called נָדִיב, and 32:8 declares that the noble person devises נְדִיבוֹת ('noble things') and by noble things stands. Song 6:12 contributes the enigmatic עַמִּי נָדִיב, which may mean 'my noble people' in abstract. Spanish noblezas and French noble as an abstract adjective capture this shift from person to quality. 4×
AR["أُمُورًا-شَرِيفَةً","أُمُورٍ-شَرِيفَةٍ","شَرِيفًا","نَدِيب"]·ben["-মহৎ।","মহত্ত্বের","মহান"]·DE["[נדיב]","[נדיבות]"]·EN["noble","noble-things"]·FR["[נדיב]","[נדיבות]","noble."]·heb["נדיב","נדיבות"]·HI["उदार","उदारता"]·ID["hal-hal-mulia","mulia"]·IT["nobile"]·jav["bab-luhur","luhur"]·KO["고귀한-것들에","고귀한-것들을","고귀한-자라고","귀족-의"]·PT["coisas-nobres","nobre"]·RU["благородное","благородном","благородным","знатного."]·ES["noble","noblezas"]·SW["mambo-ya-ukarimu","mkarimu","ukarimu","wakuu"]·TR["soylu","soyluluklar","soyluluklarin"]·urd["شرافت","شریف"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נָדִיב adj. and n.m. Is 32:8 inclined, generous, noble;—abs. נ׳ Is 32:5 + 6 times; cstr. נְדִיב Ex 35:5 + 2 times; f. נְדִיבָה ψ 51:14; pl. נְדִיבִים Is 13:2 + 9 times; cstr. נְדִיבֵי Nu 21:18 + 2 times; sf. נְדִיבֵמוֹ ψ 83:12;— 1. incited, inclined, willing, נְדִיב לֵב Ex 35:5, 22 (P), 2 Ch 29:31 (v. נָדַב Qal), נָדִיב בְחָכְמָה 28:21; רוּחַ נְדִיבָה ψ 51:14 a willing spirit. 2. noble,…