H4691 H4691
Distress, anguish, or dire straits -- a state of being hemmed in by trouble with no visible way out.
A feminine noun denoting deep distress, anguish, or the condition of being in dire straits. It often appears paired with tsarah ('trouble') to intensify the picture of affliction, as in Zephaniah 1:15's harrowing catalog of the Day of the LORD: 'a day of trouble and distress.' Its most memorable appearances come in Psalm 107, the great thanksgiving psalm, where four times God delivers people 'from their distresses' (vv. 6, 13, 19, 28). Spanish renders it 'angustias/aflicciones,' French 'angoisse' -- every language reaching for the same visceral sense of being squeezed beyond endurance.
Senses
1. distress, trouble, anguish — A state of severe distress, anguish, or trouble -- the feeling of being hemmed in and overwhelmed. The three original clusters differ only grammatically: plural with pronominal suffixes ('from-their-troubles,' 'from-my-distresses') and absolute/construct forms. English 'anguish,' Spanish 'angustias/aflicciones,' and French 'angoisse' all converge on intense emotional and situational distress. In Job 15:24 it is paired with tsar as terrors that assault the wicked; in Psalm 25:17 it is personal anguish from which David begs relief; in Psalm 107:6, 13, 19, 28 it forms the refrain of God rescuing the desperate. 7×
AR["مِن-ضيقاتِهِم", "مِنْ-ضِيقَاتِي", "وَ-شِدَّةٍ", "وَ-كَرْبٌ", "وَ-مِن-ضيقاتِهِم"]·ben["আমার-কষ্ট-থেকে", "এবং-তাদের-ক্লেশগুলি-থেকে", "এবং-যন্ত্রণা", "ও-যন্ত্রণার", "তাদের-ক্লেশগুলি-থেকে"]·DE["[ומצוקה]", "und-von-ihr-troubles", "von-ihr-troubles", "von-mein-distresses"]·EN["and-anguish", "and-from-their-troubles", "from-my-distresses", "from-their-troubles"]·FR["de-angoisse", "et-angoisse", "et-de-angoisse", "et-ומצוקה"]·heb["ו-מ-מצוקותיהם", "ו-מצוקה", "מ-מצוקותי", "מ-מצוקותיהם"]·HI["उनकी-कष्टों-से", "और-उनकी-कष्टों-से", "और-कष्ट", "और-तंगी", "से-संकटों-मेरे"]·ID["dan-dari-kesusahan-mereka", "dan-kesesakan", "dari-kesusahan-mereka"]·IT["angoscia", "e-angoscia", "e-e-anguish"]·jav["lan-karibedan", "lan-pakolet", "lan-saking-panguripanipun", "saking-kasusahan-kula", "saking-panguripanipun"]·KO["곤경들-에서", "그들-의-고통들-에서", "그리고-고통-의", "그리고-고통이", "그리고-그들-의-고통들-에서"]·PT["das-minhas-aflições", "de-suas-aflições", "e-aflição", "e-angústia", "e-de-suas-aflições"]·RU["и-от-бед-их", "и-тесноты", "и-узость", "из-бедствий-моих", "от-бед-их"]·ES["de-mis-angustias", "de-sus-aflicciones", "y-aflicción", "y-de-sus-aflicciones"]·SW["kutoka-shida-zangu", "kutoka-shida-zao", "na-kutoka-shida-zao", "na-msongo", "na-shida"]·TR["darlıklarımdan-", "darlıklarından", "ve-darlık", "ve-darlıklarından", "ve-darlığın"]·urd["-میری-تنگیوں-سے", "اور-اُن-کی-تنگیوں-سے", "اور-تنگی-کا", "اور-مشکل", "اُن-کی-تنگیوں-سے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מְצוּקָה n.f. id.;—abs. צַר וּמ׳ Jb 15:24; יוֹם צָרָה וּמ׳ Zp 1:15; pl. sf., of י׳ delivering מִמְּצוּקוֹתַי ψ 25:17, מִמְּצוּקוֹתֵיהֶם etc., 107:6, 13, 19, 28.