H4380 H4380
swords, weapons (probably), an obscure term for implements of violence
Genesis 49:5 contains Jacob's denunciation of Simeon and Levi: 'Weapons of violence are their מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶם.' The term is notoriously difficult; even ancient translators struggled. The context demands some kind of weapon or implement of violence, and most moderns translate 'swords' or 'weapons,' but uncertainty remains. Jacob condemns his sons for the Shechem massacre, and whatever מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶם means, it's something they used for violent, treacherous acts. The obscurity of the word mirrors the dark, cryptic nature of Jacob's deathbed pronouncements—words heavy with judgment.
Senses
1. sense 1 — An obscure term appearing in Genesis 49:5, probably meaning swords or weapons, though the exact sense is disputed. Jacob's deathbed curse on Simeon and Levi describes 'implements of violence are their מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶם,' condemning their treacherous attack on Shechem. Ancient versions struggled (some read 'dwelling places'), and modern scholars offer various conjectures. The plural with possessive suffix ('their X') indicates these belong to the brothers personally—their characteristic instruments. Whether swords, daggers, or some other weapon, these implements define Simeon and Levi as men of violence, earning them not blessing but curse and dispersion (v. 7). 1×
AR["سُيُوفُهُمَا"]·ben["তাদের-তলওয়ার"]·DE["sind-ihre-Schwerter"]·EN["swords-their"]·FR["épées-leur"]·heb["מכרתיהם-ם"]·HI["तलवारें-उनकी"]·ID["pedang-mereka"]·IT["spade-loro"]·jav["pedhang-nipun"]·KO["그들의-검들의"]·PT["suas-espadas"]·RU["мечи-их"]·ES["sus-armas"]·SW["wagezaji-yao"]·TR["kılıçları"]·urd["تلواریں-ان-کی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [מְכֵרָה] n.[f.] prob. the name of a weapon, only pl. sf. כְּלֵי חָמָס מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶם Gn 49:5 weapons of violence are their מ׳ (other conjectures v. in Di).