H4349 H4349
An established place or foundation; a fixed dwelling, especially God's heavenly seat or his earthly sanctuary.
Derived from the root כּוּן ('to establish, make firm'), this noun denotes a place that has been deliberately set and secured — not a temporary site but a permanent foundation. Its primary use is theological: the 'established place' of God's dwelling, whether his heavenly throne-room from which he hears prayer (1 Kgs 8:39, 43, 49) or the earthly sanctuary he has prepared (Exod 15:17). A secondary use describes the cosmic or moral foundations undergirding God's rule, as in 'righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne' (Ps 89:14, 97:2).
Senses
1. established dwelling place — A fixed, established dwelling or habitation — the prepared place of God's residence. The Song of the Sea celebrates the sanctuary as the מָכוֹן God's hands established (Exod 15:17). Solomon's dedication prayer repeatedly invokes the 'place of your dwelling' in heaven (1 Kgs 8:39, 43, 49), and Isaiah refers to 'my resting place' (Isa 18:4). Spanish 'lugar de' and French renderings consistently point to a locative sense. The word carries the nuance not merely of a location but of a divinely prepared, permanently secured habitation — God's chosen address. 14×
AR["فِي-مَسْكَنِي", "مَسكَنِ", "مَكَانًا", "مَكَانَ", "مَكَانُ", "مَكَانِ", "مَكَانِهِ", "مِنْ-مَكَانِ", "مِنْ-مَكَانِ-", "وَ-مَكَانًا"]·ben["-আমার-আবাসে", "-স্থান-থেকে", "আর-স্থান", "তার-ভিত্তিভূমি", "থেকে-স্থান", "ভিত্তি", "স্থান"]·DE["Ort-von", "[במכוני]", "[ומכון]", "[מכון]", "[מכונו]", "[ממכון]", "von-Ort-von"]·EN["and-a-place", "foundation-of", "from-place-of", "from-the-place-of", "in-my-dwelling-place", "its-foundation", "place-of", "the-place-of"]·FR["[במכוני]", "[ומכון]", "[מכון]", "[מכונו]", "[ממכון]", "de-base", "fondement", "lieu-de"]·heb["ב-מכוני", "ו-מכון", "מ-מכון", "מ-מכון-", "מכון", "מכונו-ו"]·HI["अपने-स्थान-से", "और-स्थान", "से-स्थान", "स्थान", "स्थान-उसके"]·ID["dan-tempat", "dari-tempat", "dari-tempat-tinggal-Ku", "tempat", "tempatnya"]·IT["[ומכון]", "[מכון]", "[מכונו]", "[ממכון]", "fondamento", "luogo-di"]·jav["Saking-papan-palenggahan", "lan-papan", "panggenan", "panggenan-tetep", "panggenanapun", "panggènan", "papan", "saking-papan", "saking-papan-kawula"]·KO["곳-에서", "곳을", "그것-의-터", "그리고-장소", "기초-가", "기초를", "나의-거처-에서", "에서-장소의", "장소의", "터전", "터전을"]·PT["Do-lugar-de", "a-sua-base", "de-lugar-de", "e-lugar", "em-minha-morada", "lugar", "lugar-de", "o-lugar-de"]·RU["и-место", "из-места", "из-места-моего", "места", "месте-его", "место", "местом", "с-места"]·ES["Desde-lugar-de", "desde-el-lugar-de", "el-lugar-de", "en-mi-morada", "lugar-de", "lugar-de-", "su-lugar.", "y-un-lugar"]·SW["Kutoka-mahali-pake-pa", "katika-makao-yangu", "kutoka-makao", "mahali", "mahali-pa", "mahali-pake", "makao", "milele", "na-mahali"]·TR["-Yerinden", "-den-yerinden", "mekanindan", "mekân", "temel", "temeli", "ve-yer", "yeri", "yerinden"]·urd["-مقام-سے", "اور-مقام", "اپنی-جگہ-سے", "جگہ", "جگہ-اُس-کی", "مقام", "مقام-سے"]
Exod 15:17, 1 Kgs 8:13, 1 Kgs 8:39, 1 Kgs 8:43, 1 Kgs 8:49, 2 Chr 6:2, 2 Chr 6:30, 2 Chr 6:33, 2 Chr 6:39, Ezra 2:68, Ps 33:14, Isa 4:5 (+2 more)
2. foundation, established base — A foundation or established base upon which something rests, used metaphorically of the moral and cosmic order. Psalm 89:14 and 97:2 both declare that 'righteousness and justice are the מְכוֹן of his throne,' portraying God's rule as resting on an immovable ethical bedrock. Psalm 104:5 extends this to creation itself: God set the earth upon its foundations (מְכוֹנֶיהָ). Spanish 'fundamento' and German 'Grundfeste' both capture this architectural-structural metaphor. The sense shifts from habitation to the underlying support that makes habitation secure. 3×
AR["أَسَاسُ", "قَواعِدِها"]·ben["তার-ভিত্তিমূল", "ভিত্তি"]·DE["der-Grundfeste-von", "sein-Grundfesten"]·EN["its-foundations", "the-foundation-of"]·FR["de-affermir", "de-base"]·heb["מכון", "מכוניה"]·HI["उसकी-नींवों", "नींव"]·ID["dasar", "tiang-tiang-nya"]·IT["fondamento"]·jav["dhasaring", "dhasaripun"]·KO["그곳-의-기초-들-위-에", "기초-라", "기초-로다"]·PT["seus-fundamentos", "são-o-fundamento-de"]·RU["-основаниях-её", "основание"]·ES["fundamento-de", "sus-cimientos"]·SW["misingi-yake", "msingi-wa"]·TR["temeli", "temelleri"]·urd["اس-کی-بنیادوں", "بنیاد", "بنیاد-ہے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מָכוֹן n.m. Dn 8, 11 fixed or established place, foundation (chiefly poet.);—abs. מ׳ Ex 15:17 + 2 times; cstr. מְכוֹן 1 K 8:39 + 10 times; sf. מְכוֹנִי Is 18:4, מְכוֹנוֹ Ezr 2:68; pl. sf. מְכוֹנֶיהָ ψ 104:5;— 1. fixed place of י׳’s abode on earth Ex 15:17 (song), 1 K 8:13 = 2 Ch 6:2 (poet. fragm.: v. 𝔊 and DrIntr. 182); = place, or site of God’s house Ezr 2:68; כָּל־מְכוֹן הַר־צִיּוֹן Is 4:5,…