H4097 H4097
commentary, exposition (noun); an interpretive written work explaining biblical texts
This late Hebrew word appears only in 2 Chronicles 13:22 and 24:27, both times referring to explanatory works—'the midrash of the prophet Iddo' and 'the midrash of the book of Kings.' BDB notes this term is common in post-biblical Hebrew for imaginative exposition or didactic story. The biblical usage likely indicates written commentaries of a didactic character, early forms of the interpretive tradition that would flourish in rabbinic Judaism. These were probably explanatory expansions on historical events, distinct from straightforward chronicles.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Refers to an interpretive written commentary or exposition on biblical or historical material. The two Chronicles references cite specific midrashim as sources for additional information about kings, suggesting these were recognized didactic or homiletical expansions on events. Spanish uses both 'comentario' and 'midrash,' the latter being a transliteration of the Hebrew term that became technical for rabbinic interpretive literature, though these biblical examples predate that development. 2×
AR["تَفْسِيرِ", "فِي-مِدراشِ"]·ben["-ব্যাখ্যায়", "ব্যাখ্যা-"]·DE["[במדרש]", "[מדרש]"]·EN["in-commentary-of", "midrash-of"]·FR["[במדרש]", "[מדרש]"]·heb["ב-מדרש", "מדרש"]·HI["ब-भाष्य", "व्याख्या"]·ID["dalam-tafsiran", "tafsiran"]·IT["[במדרש]", "[מדרש]"]·jav["tafsiran-", "wonten-ing-midrasy"]·KO["에서-주석", "주석"]·PT["comentário-de", "no-midrash-de"]·RU["в-толковании", "толковании"]·ES["comentario-de", "en-midrash-de"]·SW["katika-maelezo-ya", "ufafanuzi-wa"]·TR["açıklamasında", "midraşında"]·urd["تفسیر", "تفسیر-میں"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [מִדְרָשׁ] n.[m.] study, exposition, midrash, only cstr. מִדְרַשׁ (late; common in NH, in sense of imaginative exposition or didactic story)—מִדְרַשׁ סֵפֶר הַמְּלָכִים midrash of the book of Kings 2 Ch 24:27; מִדְרַשׁ הַנָּבִיא עִדּוֹ midrash of the prophet Iddo 2 Ch 13:22. These were prob. of a didactic character, cf. DrIntr. 497.