H3465 H3465
yashan -- old, aged; describing things stored over time or of long standing
A homonym of the more common yashen ('sleeping'), this adjective yashan means 'old' in the sense of aged, stored, or long-standing. Its seven occurrences cluster around two domains: stored agricultural produce -- the 'old harvest' that Israel will eat thanks to God's blessing (Lev 25:22; 26:10) and the 'old and new' choice fruits of Song 7:14 -- and ancient structures, notably the 'Old Gate' in Nehemiah's Jerusalem (Neh 3:6; 12:39) and Isaiah's 'old pool' (Isa 22:11). The etymological connection to sleep is suggestive: something 'old' has, as it were, lain dormant. Spanish lo viejo, French ancien, and German alt all render it consistently as a straightforward descriptor of age.
Senses
1. old (adjective, of things/produce) — Old, aged, of long standing -- applied to stored produce that has been kept over time (Lev 25:22; 26:10; Song 7:14, where 'old and new' fruits are paired) and to established structures such as the 'Old Gate' of Jerusalem (Neh 3:6; 12:39) and Isaiah's 'old pool' (Isa 22:11). Spanish añejas and lo viejo, French ancien, and German alt converge on a single sense of temporal age without further semantic subdivision. The BDB entry notes the etymological link to withering and dormancy, connecting this adjective to the root idea of lying inactive over time. 7×
AR["الْقَدِيمَةِ", "الْقَدِيمِ", "قَدِيمًا", "قَدِيمَةٌ", "وَ-الْقَدِيمَ"]·ben["-পুরানোর", "এবং-পুরাতন", "পুরাতন", "পুরাতন;", "পুরাতন।", "পুরানো", "পুরোনোর"]·DE["[הישנה]", "[ישנים]", "alt", "und-alt"]·EN["and-old", "old", "the-Old", "the-old"]·FR["[הישנה]", "ancien", "anciens;", "et-ancien"]·heb["ה-ישנה", "הישנה", "ו-ישן", "ישן", "ישנים"]·HI["और-पुराना", "पुराना", "पुरानी", "पुराने"]·ID["Lama", "dan-yang-lama", "lama", "yang-lama"]·IT["[הישנה]", "e-vecchio", "vecchio"]·jav["ingkang-lawas", "lan-lawas", "lawas", "lawas.", "lawas;"]·KO["그-오래된-의", "그리고-낡은-것을", "낡은", "낡은-것을", "옛의", "오래된-것들"]·PT["a-Velha", "a-velha", "e-velho", "velha", "velhas", "velho"]·RU["и-старое", "старого", "старое", "старые", "старых"]·ES["añejas", "la-vieja", "lo-viejo", "vieja", "y-lo-viejo"]·SW["Kale", "la-zamani", "na-ya-zamani", "ya-zamani"]·TR["eski", "eski'nin", "eski-", "ve-eskiyi"]·urd["اور-پرانے", "پرانا", "پرانی", "پرانے", "پرانے-کے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יָשָׁן adj. old (orig., as it seems, withered, flabby, like a lifeless plant with top hanging down, as if in sleep; cf. Niph. supr., and NH יָשַׁן Pi. let a thing grow old)—יָשָׁן Lv 25:22 + 3 times; f. יְשָׁנָה Is 22:11 + 2 times; pl. יְשָׁנִים Ct 7:14;—old: הַבְּרֵכָה הַיְשָׁנָה Is 22:11; שַׁעַר הַיְשָׁנָה Ne 3:6; so 12:39; of choice fruits, Ct 7:14 (opp. חדשׁ); subst. old harvest, store, Lv 25:22(×2); 26:10(×2)