H3028 H3028
hand — the physical hand, and by extension power, possession, or agency (Aramaic)
Yad in Biblical Aramaic corresponds exactly to its far more frequent Hebrew cognate, denoting the human hand and its metaphorical extensions. Confined to Daniel and Ezra, its 17 occurrences span a compact but vivid semantic range. The most dramatic appearance is the disembodied hand that writes on the wall at Belshazzar's feast — 'the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote' (Dan 5:5, 24), where yad carries an almost supernatural materiality. The dual form bidayin ('by hands') appears in the vision of the stone 'cut without hands' (Dan 2:34, 45), a theologically loaded phrase indicating divine rather than human agency. Prepositional uses express possession ('in your hand,' Ezra 7:14, 25) and authority ('into his hand,' Ezra 5:12; Dan 2:38; 3:15, 17; 7:25). The power of God is expressed through the same word: 'none can stay his hand' (Dan 4:32), and Daniel's God delivers from the power of the lion (Dan 6:28). Spanish 'mano,' French 'main,' and German 'Hand' all preserve the body-part-to-power polysemy.
Senses
1. hand (body part) — The physical hand and, by metonymy, power, possession, or instrumentality — the Aramaic cognate of Hebrew yad, restricted to Daniel and Ezra. Used literally for the miraculous hand writing on the wall at Belshazzar's feast (Dan 5:5, 24) and the stone cut 'without hands' (Dan 2:34, 45) signifying divine agency apart from human effort. Prepositional constructions express custody and control: 'in your hand' (Ezra 7:14, 25), 'into his hand' (Ezra 5:12; Dan 2:38; 7:25). Applied to divine sovereignty in Daniel 4:32 ('none can stay his hand') and deliverance from the lion's power (Dan 6:28). Spanish 'mano,' French 'main,' and German 'Hand' all confirm the unified body-part-to-authority semantic range. 17×
AR["الْيَدِ","بِ-أَيْدٍ","بِ-أَيْدِيهِم","بِ-يَد","بِ-يَدِ-كَ","بِيَدِهِ","في-يَدِكَ","يَدَهُ","يَدِ","يَدِ-","يَدِكَ","يَدِي"]·ben["-আপনার-হাতে","-হাতে","আপনার-হাত","আমার-হাত","তাঁর-হাতে","তাদের-হাতে","তার-হাতে","তোমার-হাতে","হাত","হাত-তার","হাতে","হাতের","হাতের-"]·DE["Haende-von","Hand","[בידהם]","[ידה]","deine-Hand","in-deine-Hand","in-der-Hand","in-seine-Hand","seine-Hand"]·EN["His-hand","by-hands","hand","hand-of","hand-of-","his-hand","in-His-hand","in-their-hands","into-hand-of","into-his-hand","into-your-hand","is-in-your-hand","my-hands","the-hand","your-hand"]·FR["dans-la-main","dans-ta-main","main","mains-de","ta-main"]·heb["ב-יד","ב-ידהם-ם","ב-ידו","ב-ידיים","ב-ידך","ב-ידך-ך","ה-יד","יד","ידה-ו","ידי","ידך"]·HI["अपना-हाथ","उनके-हाथों-में","उसका-हाथ","उसके-हाथ-में","उसके-हाथ-में-है","तेरे-हाथ","तेरे-हाथ-में-है","में-तेरे-हाथ","मेरे-हाथों","हाथ","हाथ-की","हाथ-में","हाथों-से"]·ID["-tangan","dengan-tangan","di-tangan-Nya","di-tangan-mereka","di-tanganmu","ke-dalam-tangan","ke-tanganmu","ke-tangannya","kuasa","tangan","tangan-Nya","tanganku","tanganmu","tangannya"]·IT["in-la-tua-mano","la-tua-mano","mani-di","mano","nella-mano"]·jav["asta","asta-","asta-kawula","asta-panjenengan","astanipun","cakar","ing-asta","ing-asta-panjenengan","kaliyan-asta","piyambakipun","wonten-ing-astanipun"]·KO["그-손-을","그-의-손","그-의-손-에-(있고)","손-","손-나의","손-당신의","손-의","손들로","손에-당신의","에-그의-손에","에-손","에-손-당신","에-손들-그들"]·PT["em-mão-tua","em-sua-mão","em-tua-mão","mão","mão-de","mão-dos","mão-tua","mãos-minhas","na-mão-de","nas-mãos-deles","por-mãos","sua-mão"]·RU["-рук-моих","-руки-твоей","в-руках-их","в-руке-Его","в-руке-твоей","в-руку","в-руку-его","в-руку-твою","руками","руке-Его","руки","руки-","руку-свою"]·ES["con-manos","en-mano-de","en-mano-de-él","en-su-mano","en-sus-manos.","en-tu-mano","la-mano","la-mano-de","mano","mano-de","mis-manos?","su-mano","tu-mano"]·SW["katika-mkono","mikono","mikononi-mwangu","mikononi-mwao","mkono","mkono-Wake","mkono-wa","mkono-wa-","mkono-wake","mkono-wako","mkononi-mwake","mkononi-mwako"]·TR["eli-","elimden","elin","elindedir","elinden","elinden-senin","eline","eline-senin","elini","ellerinde","ellerle"]·urd["اُس-کا-ہاتھ","اُس-کے-ہاتھ-میں","اُس-کے-ہاتھ-میں-ہے","بِ-ہاتھ","بِ-ہاتھ-ان-کے","بِ-ہاتھ-تیرے","تیرے-ہاتھ","تیرے-ہاتھ-میں","سے-ہاتھوں","میرے-ہاتھ","پنجے","ہاتھ-","ہاتھ-اپنا","ہاتھ-کی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יַד n.f. Dn 5:2; hand (v. BH);—cstr. י׳ Ezr 5:12 +; emph. יְדָא Dn 5:5, 24; sf. יְדִי 3:15, יְדָךְ v 17, יְדֵהּ Ezr 6:12, יֶדְהֹם (K§ 53, 2. a)) 5:8, etc.; du. abs. בִּידַ֫יִן Dn 2:34, 45;— 1. hand of man Dn 2:34, 45 Ezr 5:8; 6:12, and (in vision) Dn 5:5(×2), 24; fig. בִּידָךְ in thy possession Ezr 7:14, 25; fig. of God Dn 4:32. 2. power, of man Dn 2:38; 3:15, 17; 7:28 Ezr 5:12, of God Dn 5:23; of lion 6:28 (al. paw).