H2740 H2740
Burning anger, fierce wrath; the blazing heat of divine fury, nearly always used of God's anger
A noun denoting the burning heat or fierceness of anger, used almost exclusively of God's wrath throughout the Hebrew Bible. It most often appears in the construct phrase charon af ('the burning of anger'), a powerful idiom that pictures divine fury as a consuming fire. From the golden calf incident (Exod 32:12) through the prophetic warnings of Jeremiah and the anguished prayers of the Psalms, this word conveys the terrifying intensity of God's displeasure at covenant unfaithfulness. Spanish captures this well with 'ardor de ira' (burning heat of wrath), while German 'Zornglut' (wrath-glow) conveys the same incandescent quality.
Senses
1. fierce burning of anger — The burning heat or fierceness of wrath, predominantly used in construct with af ('anger') to form the idiom charon af -- the fierce burning of God's anger. French 'ardeur de la colere' and Spanish 'ardor de ira' both emphasize the thermal metaphor. This construction dominates the word's usage across Pentateuch, Prophets, and Writings: Moses pleads with God to turn from charon af after the golden calf (Exod 32:12); Joshua must purge the camp so God's charon af will subside (Josh 7:26); and Jeremiah repeatedly warns that charon af is coming upon Judah (Jer 4:8,26; 25:37-38). The word thus functions less as an independent noun than as a coloring element intensifying the anger concept. 34×
AR["حُدّوقَ","حُرُورِ","حُرُوقُ","حُمُوَّ","حُمُوُّ","حُمُوِّ","عَنْ-حُمُوَّةِ","مِنْ-حُرُوقِ","وَ-حُمُوُّ","وَ-حُمُوِّ"]·ben["উত্তাপের","ও-ক্রোধের-তাপ","ও-প্রজ্বলন","ক্রোধ","জ্বলন","জ্বলন্ত","জ্বলন্ত-","তাপের","প্রচণ্ড","প্রচণ্ডতা","প্রচণ্ডতা-","প্রচণ্ডতা-থেকে","প্রচণ্ডতার-","প্রজ্বলন","প্রজ্বলন-থেকে"]·DE["Zornglut","[וחרון]","[חרון]","der-burning-von","und-Zornglut"]·EN["and-burning-of","and-fierce-of","burning-of","fierce-of","fierceness-of","from-the-burning-of","of-the-burning","the-burning","the-burning-of","the-fierceness-of"]·FR["ardeur","ardeur-de-la-colère","de-ardeur","et-ardeur","et-ardeur-de-la-colère"]·heb["ו-חרון","חרון","מ-חרון"]·HI["और-भड़कता-","और-भड़का","क्रोध-का","जलजलाहट","जलन","जलन-से","भड़कता-","भड़कते","भड़कना","भड़का","भड़के"]·ID["dan-murka","dari-nyala","menyala","murka","nyala","panas"]·IT["ardore","da-ardore","da-ira-ardente","e-ardore"]·jav["lan-murka","lan-murub-","mulad","murka","murka-nipun","murkanipun","murub","murub-","saking-bebendunipun","saking-murkanipun"]·KO["그리고-불타는","맹렬함","맹렬함을","맹렬함이","부터-열함","불타는-것","불타는-것-의","의-맹렬함","타오르는-것을","타오름","타오름-에서","타오름-을","타오름의","타오름이","타오름이라"]·PT["ardor-de","ardor-de-","do-ardor-de","e-ardor-de"]·RU["и-пыл","и-пылание","от-пыла","от-пылания","пыл","пыла","пылание","пылания","пылающего","пылающий","ярость"]·ES["ardor-de","de-ardor-de","el-ardor-de","y-ardor-de"]·SW["charwon","hasira","kutoka-ukali-wa","na-hasira","ukali","ukali-wa","ya-hasira"]·TR["kizginlik","kızgınlık","kızgınlığı","kızgınlığı-","kızgınlığından","kızgınlığını","kızgınlığının","kızınlığından","ve-kizginlik","ve-kızgınlık","şiddetini"]·urd["اور-شدت","اور-شدید","تیزی","جلال","شدت","شدت-سے","شدّت","شدید","مِن-شدّت"]
Exod 32:12, Num 25:4, Num 32:14, Deut 13:17, Josh 7:26, 1 Sam 28:18, 2 Kgs 23:26, 2 Chr 28:11, 2 Chr 28:13, 2 Chr 29:10, 2 Chr 30:8, Ezra 10:14 (+22 more)
2. wrath, fierce anger — Wrath or fierce anger used absolutely or with pronominal suffixes, functioning independently rather than in construct with af. In Exodus 15:7, God sends forth His charon to consume enemies like stubble -- here 'your fierce wrath' stands alone as subject. The Psalmist cries under the weight of God's charon (Ps 88:16-17), and Ezekiel uses it independently (Ezek 7:12,14). German renders this variously as 'Dein Zorn' (your wrath) and 'Zornglut' (wrath-glow), while Spanish shifts from the construct 'ardor de' to the absolute 'ardiente' (burning), reflecting the syntactic independence of this usage. 7×
AR["حُموًا","حُموٍّ","حُمُوّي","سَوْرَاتُكَ","غَضَبًا","غَضَبَكَ","وَ-بِ-سَخَطِهِ"]·ben["আমার-ক্রোধ","এবং-তাঁর-রোষে","ক্রোধ","তোমার-ক্রোধ"]·DE["Dein-Zorn","Zornglut","[חרון]","[חרוני]","burning-Zorn","dein-burning-Zorn","und-in-sein-Zorn"]·EN["Your-wrath","and-in-his-wrath","burning-wrath","wrath","wrath-of-me","your-burning-wrath"]·FR["Ton-colère","ardeur","et-dans-ardeur"]·heb["ו-ב-חרונו","חרון","חרוני","חרוניך","חרונך"]·HI["और-अपने-कोप-में","क्रोध","क्रोध-अपना","ज्वलन्त","तेरे-क्रोध","मेरा-क्रोध"]·ID["dan-dalam-kemarahan-Nya","murka","murka-Ku","murka-Mu"]·IT["Tuo-ira","[חרוניך]","ardore","e-nella-sua-ira","ira-ardente"]·jav["bebendu","bebendu-Kawula","bebendu-Panjenengan","boten","saha-ing-murka-ipun"]·KO["그리고-그-의-첩노-에","나의-진노가","당신-의-분노들-이","주의-진노를","진노-로","진노가","진노를"]·PT["e-no-seu-furor","ira","ira-minha","tua-ira,","tuas-iras"]·RU["в-ярости","гнев","гнев-Твой","гневы-Твои","и-в-ярости-Своей","ярость-Моя"]·ES["ardiente","ardor-de-ira","ardor-de-ira-de-mí","ardores-de-ti","ira","tu-furor","y-en-su-furor"]·SW["hasira","hasira-yako","hasira-yangu","hasira-zako","yake"]·TR["alevlerin","ve-gazabında","öfke","öfkem","öfkeni","öfkeyi"]·urd["اور-اپنے-قہر-میں","تیرے-غضب","غضب","غضب-تیرا","غُصّہ","قہر","میرا-قہر"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חָרוֹן n.m. (burning of) anger (cf. LagBN 204 Anm. )—ח׳ Ez 7:12 + 2 times; cstr. חֲרוֹן Nu 25:4 + 33 times; sf. חֲרוֹנִי Ez 7:14 (Co חרון), חֲרוֹנוֹ ψ 2:5; חֲרֹנְךָ Ex 15:7; pl. sf. חֲרוֹנֶי֑ךָ ψ 88:17;—always of God’s anger (v. note, infr.), חֲרוֹן אף Ex 32:12 Nu 25:4; 32:14 Jos 7:26 (J), Dt 13:18 1 S 28:18 2 K 23:26 2 Ch 28:11, 13; 29:10; 30:8 Ezr 10:14 Ho 11:9 Na 1:6 Zp 2:2; 3:8 Is 13:9, 13…