H2685 H2685
be harsh, show severity; act with harshness or urgency (Aramaic)
This Aramaic verb appears in Daniel describing the severity or harshness of royal commands. In Daniel 2:15, Daniel asks why the king's decree is 'so harsh,' while in 3:22, the urgency of Nebuchadnezzar's command proves deadly. The Hafel participle suggests causing harshness or acting insolently. Related Aramaic and Syriac cognates emphasize audacity and severity.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Daniel 2:15 uses the Hafel participle to describe the 'harsh' decree, while 3:22 describes the command as 'overbearing' or 'harsh.' Spanish 'era urgente/es tan severo' (was urgent/is so severe) captures both the temporal pressure and the severity. French 'être violent' (be violent) emphasizes the force of the command. 2×
AR["كَانَتْ-مُسْتَعْجِلَةً", "مُسْتَعْجَلٌ"]·ben["কঠোর"]·DE["[מהחצפה]", "[מחצפה]"]·EN["so-harsh", "was-harsh"]·FR["être-violent"]·heb["מחוצפת"]·HI["कठोर-थी", "कठोर-है"]·ID["mendesak", "terburu-buru"]·IT["[מהחצפה]", "[מחצפה]"]·jav["kesusu"]·KO["급하였고", "급한가"]·PT["era-apressada", "é-apressado"]·RU["поспешный", "строгое"]·ES["era-urgente", "es-tan-severo"]·SW["haraka", "lilikuwa-kali"]·TR["acele", "aceleydi"]·urd["سخت"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [חֲצַף] vb. Haph. shew insolence, harshness (NH חצף Hiph. act insolently, so 𝔗 Aph.; Syriac ܚܳܫܰܚ be audacious);—Pt. f. מַחְצְפָה (K§ 33, 2 e)) Dn 3:22 overbearing (of command), מְהַחְצְפָה 2:15 harsh (id.).