H2638 H2638
Lacking, in want of, deficient: one who is without something essential, especially sense or understanding.
Ḥāsēr describes a person or thing that is deficient or in want. Its most distinctive biblical usage is the Proverbs construction ḥăsar-lēḇ, 'lacking heart'—that is, devoid of sense, judgment, or moral discernment. This phrase recurs nearly a dozen times in Proverbs to characterize the fool who falls into adultery (6:32), the naive youth who wanders into temptation (7:7), and the sluggard whose field is overgrown (24:30). Beyond Proverbs, David asks Achish 'am I in want of madmen?' (1 Sam 21:15), and Ecclesiastes 6:2 describes a man who lacks nothing yet cannot enjoy it. Spanish 'falto de,' French 'manquant,' and German 'Mangel' all capture the core deficit.
Senses
1. lacking, in want of — Adjective describing one who is deficient, needy, or deprived of something, typically in construct with the thing lacking. The dominant biblical pattern is ḥăsar-lēḇ ('lacking heart/sense'), appearing repeatedly in Proverbs (6:32; 7:7; 9:4, 16; 10:13; 11:12; 12:11; 15:21; 17:18; 24:30) to denote foolish moral blindness. In 1 Sam 21:15 David uses it rhetorically: 'am I lacking madmen?' In Eccl 6:2 a man is described as not lacking anything yet unable to enjoy his wealth. 19×
AR["بِعَدَمِ-","حَسِير","عَدِيمَ-","عَدِيمُ-","عَدِيمِ-","لِناقِصِ-","ناقِصُ","ناقِصُ-","ناقِصِ-","نَاقِصٌ","نَفْسَهُ","وَ-عَدِيمُ-","وَ-ناقِصُ-","وَعَادِمُ","يَنْقُصْ"]·ben["অভাব","অভাব-","অভাব-আছে-কি","অভাবগ্রস্ত","অভাবগ্রস্ত-","অভাবগ্রস্তের-কাছে-","অভাবে","অভাবে-","আর-যে-অভাবী","এবং-অভাবগ্রস্ত-","কমল","বিহীন-","বুদ্ধিহীন"]·DE["Mangel","in-Mangel","lacked","lacking","oder-lacking","und-Mangel","zu-Mangel"]·EN["and-he-who-lacks","but-lacks","for-lack-of","he-who-lacks","him-who-lacks","lacked","lacking","lacks","or-lacking","to-him-who-lacks"]·FR["dans-manquant","et-manquant","lacked","manquant","ou-manquant"]·heb["ב-חסר־","ו-חסר","ו-חסר־","חסר","חסר-","חסר־","ל-חסר־"]·HI["अभाव-","अभाव-में","और-अभाव-","और-घटनेवाला","और-रहित","कम","कमी","कमी-है","घटा","घटा-है","घटी-वाला","बिना-समझ-","रहित","रहित-के-लिए"]·ID["bagi-yang-tidak-memiliki-","berkurang","dan-yang-kekurangan","dan-yang-tidak-memiliki-","karena-tidak-memiliki-","kekurangan","kurang","tetapi-tidak-memiliki-","tidak-memiliki-","yang-kurang","yang-tidak-memiliki-"]·IT["al-mancante","e-mancante","in-mancante","lacked","mancante","o-mancante"]·jav["amarga-kurang","kang-kirang","kanggé-kurang","kirang","kurang","lan-kekirangan-","lan-kurang"]·KO["그리고-모자란-자-","그리고-부족한","모자라는-","부족하나이까","부족하냐","부족하다","부족한","부족한-자-에게-","부족함-에서","줄어들었다"]·PT["carece-de","carente","carente-de","carente-de-","e-carece-de","e-carente-de","e-quem-carece-de","falta","faltando","falto-de","falto-de-","faltou","para-o-carente-de-","por-falta-de","que-carece-de"]·RU["для-лишённого-","и-лишённый-","и-нуждающийся-в-","лишено,","лишён-","лишённого-","лишённый","лишённый-","недостаток","нуждается","нуждаешься","от-недостатка-","уменьшался"]·ES["falta","falto","falto-de","falto-de-","faltó","le-falta","para-falto-de","por-falta-de","y-el-que-carece-de","y-falto-de"]·SW["akihitaji","asiye-na","asiye-na-","hana","kupungua","kupungukiwa","kwa-asiye-na","kwa-kukosa","na-asiye-na","na-kukosa","na-mwenye-kukosa","unapunguka","unapungukiwa"]·TR["eksik","eksik-","eksik-mi","eksildi","ve-eksik","ve-yoksun-","yoksun-","yoksuna-","yoksundur-","yoksunluğunda-"]·urd["اور-بے","اور-کمی-والا-","بے","بے-","بے-عقل","بے-عقل-کے-لیے","بے-عقلی-کے-سبب","کم","کمی","کمی-رکھتا-ہے","گھٹا"]
1 Sam 21:15, 2 Sam 3:29, 1 Kgs 11:22, 1 Kgs 17:16, Prov 6:32, Prov 7:7, Prov 9:4, Prov 9:16, Prov 10:13, Prov 10:21, Prov 11:12, Prov 12:9 (+7 more)
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חָסֵר adj. needy, lacking, in want of—ח׳ abs. Ec 6:2; cstr. חֲסַר 1 S 21:16 + 13 times;—needy, in want of ח׳ משׁגעים אני 1 S 21:16 am I in want of madmen? 2 S 3:29 in need of bread, so Pr 12:9; usually חֲסַר־לֵב lacking understanding, sense Pr 6:32; 7:7; 9:4, 16; 10:13; 11:12; 12:11; 15:21; אָדָם ח׳־לֵב Pr 17:18; 24:30; נָּגִיד ח׳ תְּבוּנוֹת Pr 28:16; אֵינֶנּוּ חָסֵר לְנַפְשׁוֹ מִכֹּל וג׳ Ec 6:2 neither is he lacking for his soul in aught of (מן part.) all that he desireth.