H2282 H2282
A sacred festival or pilgrim-feast, especially the three annual pilgrimage celebrations; by metonymy, the festal sacrifice itself.
In ancient Israel, the חַג was the joyous pilgrim-feast par excellence -- the kind of celebration that required traveling to a sacred site. It most often designates the three great annual festivals: Unleavened Bread, Weeks, and Tabernacles (Exod 23:14-17). The word resonates with the Arabic حَجّ (hajj, pilgrimage), underscoring the physical journey as central to the concept. In one striking instance (Ps 118:27), the term shifts from the celebration to the sacrificial victim bound at the altar, a metonymic move from feast to offering that many translations render distinctly.
Senses
1. feast, festival, pilgrim-feast — The primary sense designating a sacred festival or pilgrim-feast, especially the three annual pilgrimage festivals commanded in the Torah (Exod 23:14-17; Deut 16:14). Spanish 'fiesta,' French 'fête,' and German 'Fest' all converge on the celebratory dimension, while the Arabic cognate حَجّ preserves the original pilgrimage nuance. This covers 61 of 62 occurrences, including feasts to YHWH, idolatrous celebrations (Exod 32:5), and prophetic warnings against hollow festivals (Amos 5:21). 61×
AR["بِعِيدِ","عيدًا","عيدٌ","عيدَ","عِيد-","عِيدًا","عِيدٌ","عِيدٍ","عِيدَ","عِيدِ"]·ben["-পর্ব","উৎসব","খাগ","পর্ব","পর্ব-","পর্ব-এর"]·DE["Fest","Fest-von","[חג]","ein-Fest","ein-feast"]·EN["Feast-of","a-feast","a-festival","feast","feast-of","the-Booths","the-feast-of"]·FR["[חג]","fête","fête-de","un-fête","une-fête"]·heb["חָג","חג"]·HI["चग","पर्व"]·ID["Hari-Raya","hari raya","hari-raya","perayaan"]·IT["festa","festa-di","un-festa","una-festa"]·jav["Riyaya","riaya","riyadi","riyaya","riyaya-"]·KO["절기","절기-","절기라","절기로","절기를","절기의","축제라","축제를","축제이다"]·PT["Festa","a-festa-de","festa","festa-das","festa-de","festa-de-"]·RU["праздник","праздник-","праздника","праздником"]·ES["fiesta","fiesta-de","la-fiesta-de"]·SW["kwa-sikukuu","sikukuu","sikukuu-ya"]·TR["bayram","bayramini","bayramini-","bayramını"]·urd["تہوار","عید","عید-"]
Exod 10:9, Exod 12:14, Exod 13:6, Exod 23:15, Exod 23:16, Exod 23:16, Exod 32:5, Exod 34:18, Exod 34:22, Exod 34:22, Exod 34:25, Lev 23:6 (+38 more)
2. festal sacrifice, festival-offering — A single metonymic use in Psalm 118:27 where the term shifts from the festival event to the festal sacrifice or festival-offering itself -- the victim bound with cords to the horns of the altar. Spanish 'la fiesta' and German 'der Fest' still render it as 'festival,' but the context clearly requires the concrete offering rather than the abstract celebration, a recognized semantic extension in Semitic languages. 1×
AR["العيدَ"]·ben["উৎসবের-বলি"]·DE["der-Fest"]·EN["the-festival-sacrifice"]·FR["fête"]·heb["חג"]·HI["त्यौहार"]·ID["perayaan"]·IT["[חג]"]·jav["korban-riyaya"]·KO["절기-제물-을"]·PT["a-festa"]·RU["праздник"]·ES["la-fiesta"]·SW["sikukuu"]·TR["bayramı"]·urd["تہوار"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חַג n.m. Is 29:1 festival-gathering, feast, pilgrim-feast (NH id.; Aramaic ܚܰܓܳܐ, חַגָּא; Arabic حَجٌّ pilgrimage; Sab. חג DHMEpigr. Denkm. 31; NöZMG 1887, 719; RSProph. Lect. ii. n. 6; > WeSkizzen iii. 106, 165 sacred dance)—חַג abs. and cstr. Ex 10:9 + 36 times; חָ֑ג Nu 28:17 + 13 times; sf. חַגִּי Ex 23:18; חַגֶּךָ֑ Dt 16:14; חַגָּהּ Ho 2:13; חַגֵּנוּ ψ 81:4; pl. חַגִּים Is 29:1 + 2 times;…