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H2204 H2204
V-Hifil-Imperf-3ms  |  27× in 1 sense
to be old, grow old — a stative verb describing the condition or process of aging in patriarchs, kings, and elders
Zaqen as a verb means 'to be old' or 'to grow old,' a stative root whose 27 occurrences mark pivotal transitions in Israel's narrative. It frequently introduces succession crises: Abraham 'was old, advanced in days' when he sent his servant for Isaac's wife (Gen 24:1), Joshua 'was old and advanced in years' when much land remained unconquered (Josh 13:1; 23:1-2), and David 'was old' when Adonijah seized the moment to claim the throne (1 Kgs 1:1, 15). Samuel's aging triggered Israel's demand for a king (1 Sam 8:1, 5). The verb also appears in poignant domestic moments: Sarah laughed because Abraham 'was old' (Gen 18:12-13), and Barzillai declined David's invitation because 'I am old' (2 Sam 19:32). Spanish 'envejecer,' French 'vieillir,' German 'alt werden' preserve the stative-inchoative range.

Senses
1. to be old, grow old To be in a state of old age or to undergo the process of growing old. Characteristically introduces narrative turning points where a leader's aging forces the question of succession: Abraham seeking a wife for Isaac (Gen 24:1), Joshua's incomplete conquest (Josh 13:1; 23:1-2), Samuel's failing leadership prompting the monarchy (1 Sam 8:1, 5), and David's vulnerability to Adonijah's coup (1 Kgs 1:1). Also used in personal contexts — Sarah's laughter (Gen 18:12-13), Barzillai's decline (2 Sam 19:32), and Eli's failing eyesight (1 Sam 4:18). 27×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["شاخَ","شَاخَ","شَيْخٌ","شِخْتَ","شِخْتُ"]·ben["আমি-বৃদ্ধা-হয়েছি","বৃদ্ধ","বৃদ্ধ-হয়েছ","বৃদ্ধ-হয়েছি","বৃদ্ধ-হলেন"]·DE["[זקן]","[זקנתי]","alt","bin-alt","bin-alt-geworden","haben-gewachsen-alt","ich-am-alt","ich-haben-grown-alt","ist-alt","sind-alt","war-alt"]·EN["I-am-old","I-am-too-old","I-have-grown-old","am-old","are-old","have-grown-old","is-old","old","was-old"]·FR["[זקן]","ancien","avoir-crû-vieux","est-vieux","je-am-vieux","je-suis-aussi-vieux","sont-vieux","suis-ancien","suis-vieux","vieux","était-ancien","être-vieux"]·heb["זקן","זקנת","זקנתי"]·HI["बुध","बुधि-हो-गयि","बूढ़ा","बूढ़ा-था","बूढ़ा-हूँ-मैं","बूढ़ा-है","बूढ़ा-हो-गया","बूढ़ा-हो-गया-हूँ","बूढ़ी-हूँ"]·ID["aku-terlalu-tua","menjadi-tua","sangat-tua","sudah-tua","tua"]·IT["[זקן]","[זקנתי]","am-vecchio","avere-cresciuto-vecchio","fu-vecchio","io-am-anche-vecchio","io-am-vecchio","sono-vecchio","vecchio","è-vecchio"]·jav["kula-sampun-sepuh","sampun-sepuh","sepuh","sepuh-kula"]·KO["내가-늙었다","늘어다","늘어서","늘었다","늙어서","늙었다","늙었도다","늙은"]·PT["envelheceste","envelheceu","envelheci","velho"]·RU["состарилась","состарилась-я","состарился","стар","старый"]·ES["anciano","envejecido-he","envejecí","era-viejo","has-envejecido","he-envejecido","viejo"]·SW["alikuwa-mzee","mzee","ni-mzee","nimezeeka","umekuwa-mzee","umezeeka"]·TR["yasli","yaşlandım","yaşlandın","yaşlı"]·urd["بوڑھا","بوڑھا-تھا","بوڑھا-ہو-گیا","بوڑھا-ہو-گیا-ہے","بوڑھا-ہوا","بوڑھا-ہوں","بوڑھا-ہے","بوڑھی-ہو-گئی-ہوں","بوڑھی-ہوں"]

Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
זָקֵן vb. be or become old (cf., according to Thes, Arabic ذَقُونٌa she-camal that lets her lower lip hang down, 3, v. Lane 968; ذِقْنٌ decrepit man)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. זָקֵן Gn 18:12 + 14 times (often hard to disting. from pred. adj. זָקֵן q.v.); 3 fs. זָֽקְנָה Pr 23:22; 2 ms. זָקַנְתָּ 1 S 8:5; זָקַ֫נְתָּה Jos 13:1; 1 s. זָקַנְתִּי Jos 23:2 + 3 times; זָקַ֑נְתִּי Gn 18:13; 27:2; Impf. וַיִּזְקַן