H1517 H1517
Sinew, tendon; fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone, used literally and figuratively for stubbornness.
Denotes a sinew or tendon, the tough connective tissue of the body. In its most memorable use, it names the 'sinew of the hip' (gid hannasheh) that was touched in Jacob's wrestling at Peniel (Gen 32:32), giving rise to a lasting dietary law. The word also appears in vivid figurative speech: Isaiah 48:4 describes Israel's stubbornness as an 'iron sinew' in the neck. Cognate with Aramaic gida and related to Arabic jid (neck), the term spans both anatomical description and powerful metaphor.
Senses
1. sinew, tendon — A sinew or tendon, the fibrous connective tissue binding muscle to bone. Used anatomically in Job 10:11 alongside skin, flesh, and bones as the structural fabric of the human body, and in Ezekiel 37:6,8 in the vision of dry bones being reconstituted with sinews and flesh. The 'sinew of the hip' (gid hannasheh) in Genesis 32:32 refers specifically to the sciatic tendon displaced during Jacob's wrestling, the basis for the dietary prohibition. Figuratively, Isaiah 48:4 speaks of a 'sinew of iron' in the neck to depict obstinate refusal. Spanish renders 'tendon,' while English uses 'sinew,' both capturing the anatomical core. 7×
AR["أَعْصَابًا", "أَعْصَابٌ", "أَعْصَابُ", "عِرْقَ", "فِي-عِرْقِ", "وَ-عَصَبُ", "وَأَعْصابٍ"]·ben["এবং-শিরা", "শিরা", "শিরাগুলি", "শিরাতে"]·DE["[גדים]", "[גידי]", "[וגיד]", "[וגידים]", "an-der-Sehne", "die-Sehne"]·EN["and-a-sinew-of", "and-sinews", "in-sinew-of", "sinew-of", "sinews", "the-sinews-of"]·FR["[וגיד]", "dans-sinew-de", "et-וגידים", "sinew-de", "tendon", "גידי"]·heb["ב-גיד", "גיד", "גידי", "גידים", "ו-גיד", "ו-גידים"]·HI["और-नस", "और-नसों-से", "नस", "नस-पर", "नसें"]·ID["dan-urat", "dan-urat-urat", "pada-urat", "urat", "urat-urat"]·IT["[גדים]", "[וגיד]", "e-e-sinews", "il-sinews-di", "in-sinew-di", "sinew-di"]·jav["ing-otot", "lan-otot", "lan-urat", "otot", "otot-otot", "otot-ototipun"]·KO["~의-힘줄", "그리고-힘줄들-로", "그리고-힘줄이", "힘줄들과", "힘줄들을", "힘줄들이", "힘줄을"]·PT["e-tendão-de", "e-tendões", "em-tendão-de", "tendão-de", "tendões", "tendões-de-"]·RU["жилу", "жилы", "и-жила", "и-жилами", "к-жиле"]·ES["en-tendón-de", "tendones", "tendones,", "tendones-de", "tendón-de", "y-tendones", "y-tendón-de"]·SW["katika-mshipa", "mishipa", "mshipa", "na-mishipa", "na-mishipa-ya"]·TR["-sinirine", "sinirini", "sinirler", "ve-kirisi-", "ve-sinirlerle"]·urd["اور-نس", "اور-پٹھوں-سے", "نس", "نس-میں", "نسیں", "پٹھے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גִּיד n.m. Gn 32:33 sinew (NH id., Aramaic גִּידָא, ܓܝܳܕܳܐ; cf. Arabic جِيدٌ neck)—cstr. גִּיד Gn 32:33(×2) Is 48:4; pl. גִּידִים Jb 10:11 Ez 37:6, גִּדִים Ez 37:8; cstr. גִּידֵי Jb 40:17;—sinew, in general of human body, ‖ בשׂר, עור, עצמות, Jb 10:11 cf. Ez 37:6, 8; of thigh Gn 32:33 (of beast) v 33; iron sinew, fig. of obstinacy, Is 48:4 וג׳ בַּרְזֶל עָרְפֶּ֑ךָ וּמִצְחֲךָ נְחוּשָׁה; of hippopot., ג׳ פחדו, i.e. of his loins, Jb 40:17.