Search / H1481a
H1481a H1481a
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | 2ms  |  81× in 4 senses
To sojourn as a resident alien; to dwell temporarily in a foreign land; as participle, a sojourner or guest.
One of the great social-theological terms of the Hebrew Bible, gur describes the precarious existence of living in a land that is not one's own — neither fully belonging nor fully excluded. Abraham sojourns in Egypt (Gen 12:10), Israel sojourns in Canaan before possessing it, and the Levitical laws repeatedly protect the ger, the resident alien. German als Fremder wohnen ('to dwell as a stranger') beautifully captures the dual reality: one does dwell, but always as an outsider. French séjourner and Arabic jara both preserve the temporary, provisional character of the stay.

Senses
1. Qal: to sojourn as alien The core verbal sense: to sojourn, to live temporarily in a land not one's own, with emphasis on alien status and vulnerability. Abraham sojourns in Egypt during famine (Gen 12:10), Lot among the Sodomites (Gen 19:9). German als Fremder wohnen ('to dwell as a stranger') and Arabic jara ('to turn aside, take temporary refuge') both highlight the provisional, dependent nature of this dwelling. 39×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["لِ-أَتَغَرَّبَ","لِ-تَغْتَرِبُوا","لِ-يَتَغَرَّبَ","لِتَتَغَرَّبُوا","لِتَغَرُّبَ","لِـ-يَتَغَرَّبَ","لِنَتَغَرَّبَ","لِيَتَغَرَّبُوا","يَتَغَرَّبُ"]·ben["প্রবাস-করতে","প্রবাস-করতে-","প্রবাস-করবে","বসবাস-করতে","বাস-করতে","বাস-করবে"]·DE["als-Fremder-wohnen","um-als-Fremde-zu-wohnen","um-als-Fremder-zu-wohnen","um-zu-weilen","wohnte-als-Fremdling","zu-sojourn"]·EN["to-sojourn","to-sojourn-","will-sojourn"]·FR["séjourner","à-séjourner"]·heb["יגור","ל-גור","ל-גור-"]·HI["के-लिए-रहने","के-लिए-रहने-","टिकेगा","परदेशी-होने","परदेशी-होनेको","परदेस-में-रहने-के-लिए","बसने-के-लिए","रहने-के-लिये","रहने-को"]·ID["akan-menumpang","untuk-menumpang","untuk-tinggal","untuk-tinggal-sementara"]·IT["a-soggiornare","dimorare-come-straniero"]·jav["Kangge-manggen","badhe-mondhok","kangge-dedunung","kangge-manggen","kanggé-manggen","kanggé-mondhok","kanggé-mondhok-","supados-manggon","supados-ngenggar"]·KO["거주하려고","머무르리라","머물러-살기-위해","살려고","에-체류하기","체류하다","체류하다-","체류하러","체류하려고"]·PT["para-peregrinar","para-peregrinar-","peregrinará"]·RU["жить","жить-","жить-пришельцем","как-пришелец","пожить","пожить-пришельцами","пожить-пришельцем","поселится","странствовать","чтобы-жить"]·ES["a-residir","morará","para-habitar","para-residir"]·SW["atakaa","kuishi-kama-mgeni","kukaa","kukaa-","kukaa-kama-mgeni","kukaa-kama-wageni","kukaa-ugeni","ya-kugeni"]·TR["garip-olmak","geçici-ikamet-etmek-için","geçici-oturmaya","ikâmet-edecek","ikâmet-etmek-için","ikâmet-etmek-için-","kalıcı-olmak-için","konaklamak-için","oturmak-için","yasamak-icin-","yaşamak-için"]·urd["رہنے-کو","رہنے-کے-لیے","ٹھہرنے","ٹھہرے-گا","پردیسی-کرے-گا","پردیسی-ہونے-کو"]
2. Qal ptcp: sojourner, resident alien The Qal participle used as a substantive noun designating a person's legal and social status: a sojourner, resident alien. Levitical law repeatedly pairs the ger with the native-born citizen (Lev 16:29; 17:10–13), granting both the same ritual obligations. Spanish forastero and Arabic gharib ('stranger') mark this as a recognized social category rather than a mere verbal action. 28×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["ال-نَّزِيلُ","ال-نَّزِيلِ","الْ-نَّازِلِ","الْ-نَّزِيلُ","الْغُرَبَاءِ","الْمُتَغَرِّبِ","غُرَبَاءُ","كَانَ-مُتَغَرِّبًا","مُتَغَرِّبًا","مُتَغَرِّبٌ","وَ-غُرَبَاءَ"]·ben["অল্প","প্রবাসী","বাস-করছিলেন","বাসকারী","বিদেশীরা","যারা-বাস-করে","যে-বাস-করে","সেই-প্রবাসী","সেই-বাসকারী"]·DE["als-Fremder-wohnen","der-Wohnung","der-sojourning","sojourning","und-als-Fremder-wohnen"]·EN["and-sojourners","sojourners","sojourning","the-dwelling","the-sojourning"]·FR["[וגרים]","le-demeure","le-sojourning","sojourning","séjourner"]·heb["גר","גרים","ה-גר","ה-גרים","ו-גרים"]·HI["और-परदेशी","जो-रहता-है","परदेशी","परदेशी-था","परदेसी","रहने वाला","रहने-वाले","रहनेवाला"]·ID["dan-orang-asing","pengembara","tinggal-","tinggal-sebagai-orang-asing","yang-tinggal"]·IT["[וגרים]","dimorare-come-straniero","il-dimora","il-soggiornare","sojourning"]·jav["ingkang-manggen","ingkang-manggèn","ingkang-mondhok","lan-tiyang-neneka","manggen","manggen-","manggen-minangka-wong-manca","tiyang-manca"]·KO["거주했다","그-거류하는","그-거주하는","그-와-나그네들","나그네","나그네들이","머무르는","사는","체류하고-있었다","체류하는"]·PT["e-estrangeiros","o-peregrinando","o-que-peregrina","os-residindo","peregrino","peregrino-","peregrinos","que-peregrina"]·RU["живущего","живущему","живущий","живущим","жил","жил-","и-пришельцами","пришельствующего","пришельствующий","пришельцев","пришельцы","странствуете"]·ES["el-que-mora","el-que-peregrina","forasteros","los-que-habitan","moraba","morando","que-habita","que-peregrina","residentes","y-forasteros"]·SW["akaaye","aliishi-kama-mgeni","aliyeishi-kama-mgeni","anayekaa","mnakaa","na-wageni","wageni","wanaokaa"]·TR["garip-oturan","garıp-oturan","ikamet-eden","ikamet-edenler","ve-yabancılar","yabanci","yabancı","yabancı-","yabancısınız","yaşayan"]·urd["-رہنے-والا","اور-اجنبی","تشریف-رکھتے-ہو","جو-رہتا-ہے","رہنے-والے","ٹھہرا-تھا","ٹھہرا-ہوا","پردیسی"]
3. Qal: to dwell, lodge with A softened sense where the alien-status recedes and the emphasis falls on simply dwelling or lodging in a place or with someone. Psalm 5:4 asks 'who may dwell in your tent?' and Judges 5:17 notes Dan 'lodging' by the ships. Arabic yaskunu ('to inhabit') and French séjourne shift the focus from foreignness to the act of residing itself. 12×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["أَسكُنُ","نَزَلَ","وَ-يَسْكُنُ","يَسْكُنُ","يَمْكُثُ","يَنْزِلُ","يَنْزِلُ-عِنْدَكَ","يَنْزِلُونَ"]·ben["আমি-বাস-করব","আশ্রয়-নিক","ও-বাস-করবে","তোমার-কাছে-বাস-করবে","থাকছে","প্রবাস-করতে-পারে","বাস-করবে","বাস-করল","বাস-করে"]·DE["als-Fremder-wohnen","lass-mich-wohnen","sojourned","sojourns","soll-sojourn","tat-er-sojourn-bei","und-als-Fremder-wohnen","wohnt-mit-du"]·EN["among-us","and-will-dwell","did-he-sojourn-at","dwells-with-you","let-me-dwell","let-sojourn","shall-sojourn","sojourned","sojourns"]·FR["et-séjourner","fit-il-séjourner-à","séjourne","séjourner"]·heb["אגורה","גר","ו-גר","יגור","יגורו","יגורך"]·HI["और-रहेगा","ठहरता-है","तेरे-साथ-रहेगा","मैं-निवास-करूंगा","रहता-है","रहने-दो","रहा","रहेगा"]·ID["Aku-akan-tinggal","Biarlah-tinggal","Dan-tinggal","akan-tinggal-dengan-Mu","akan-tinggal-sementara","dapat-tinggal","tinggal","tinggal-di-kapal"]·IT["dimorare-come-straniero","e-dimorare-come-straniero","fece-egli-soggiornare-a","soggiorna","soggiorni'"]·jav["Kawula-badhé-manggen","Lan-manggon","dedalem-kalayan-Panjenengan","manggen","manggona","manggèn","mondhok","ngungsi","saged-manggen"]·KO["거류하는","거류하면","거주하였도다","거하리니-당신-과","거하리라","거하리이까","거하리이다","거할-것인가","머물게-하라","체류하는가","체류한다"]·PT["E-habitará","Habitarei","Habitem","habitará","habitará-contigo","peregrina","peregrinar","peregrinou","permanece"]·RU["будет-жить","будет-обитать","буду-обитать","да-поживут","живёт","и-будет-жить","обитает-с-Тобой","останется","пришелец"]·ES["Habiten","Moraré","Y-morará","habita","mora","morará","morará-contigo","peregrine","peregrinó"]·SW["Na-atakaa","Nitakaa","akikaa","alikaa","alishinda","anaishi","anakaa","atakaa","atakaa-nawe","wakae"]·TR["Yasamalarini-sagla","ikamet-eder","ikamet-ederse","kalacağım","kaldı","misafir-olur","misafir-olur-Sana","ve-yasayacak","yasayacak","yaşadı","yaşarsa"]·urd["اور-بسے-گا","تیرے-ساتھ-رہے-گا","رَہوں","رہا","رہتا-ہو","رہتا-ہے","رہے","مہمان-ہو-گا","ٹھہرے-گا","پناہ-لیں","ڑرتا-رہا"]
4. Qal ptcp: guest, lodger The rarest substantival usage (only Exod 3:22; Job 19:15): a guest or lodger, emphasizing the hospitality relationship rather than alien legal status. Job's household servants regard him as a stranger — he has become a guest in his own home. Arabic nazila ('female lodger') and Korean 'guest/lodger' vocabulary confirm this hospitality-oriented nuance.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["نُزَلَاءُ-","وَ-مِنْ-نَزِيلَةِ"]·ben["অতিথিরা","ও-অতিথির-কাছে"]·DE["und-von-sojourner-von","wohnte-als-Fremdling"]·EN["and-from-sojourner-of","the-guests-of"]·FR["et-de-étranger-de","גרי"]·heb["גרי","ו-מ-גרת"]·HI["और-मेहमान","रहने-वाले"]·ID["dan-dari-penumpang","tamu-tamu"]·IT["e-da-forestiero-di","il-guests-di"]·jav["lan-saking-tamu","tiyang-énggal"]·KO["그리고-에게서","속객들이-"]·PT["Moradores-de","e-de-estrangeira-de"]·RU["живущие-в-","и-у-жительницы"]·ES["Los-moradores-de","y-de-la-que-mora-en"]·SW["na-kutoka-kwa-mgeni","wageni-wa"]·TR["misafirleri","ve-misafirinden"]·urd["اور-مہمان","پردیسی-لوگ"]

Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. גּוּר vb. sojourn (cf. Arabic جَارَ turn aside, tarry; v. especially iii. iv. viii. x; Aramaic ܓܳܪ, Ethiopic in der.)— Qal Pf. גָּר Gn 35:27 + 3 times, וְגָר consec. Is 11:6; גַּרְתָּה Gn 21:23; גַּרְתִּי Gn 32:5 ψ 120:5; גָּרוּ Ex 6:4; Impf. יָגוּר Ex 12:48 + 12 times, וַיָּ֫גָר Gn 20:1 + 2 times, sf. יְגֻרְךָ ψ 5:5; 3 fs. וַתָּ֫גָר 2 K 8:2; 2 fs. תָּגוּרִי 2 K 8:1; cohort. אָגוּ֑רָה ψ