H1248 H1248
Son (Aramaic loanword used in late Hebrew poetry, notably Ps 2:12 and Prov 31:2)
An Aramaic-origin word for 'son,' appearing in only two biblical contexts. In Proverbs 31:2 the mother of King Lemuel addresses him tenderly three times as 'my son' (beri), using the Aramaic form rather than the standard Hebrew 'ben.' In Psalm 2:12 the famous exhortation 'kiss the son' (nashqu bar) has generated centuries of interpretive debate — the Septuagint renders it 'lay hold of instruction,' while the Syriac and many modern versions read 'kiss the son' as a messianic imperative.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Son, offspring — an Aramaic term functioning as a poetic or elevated synonym of Hebrew 'ben.' In Prov 31:2 the triple vocative ('my son, son of my womb, son of my vows') gains rhetorical warmth from the Aramaic form. In Ps 2:12 the word sits in a royal-messianic context: 'kiss the son lest he be angry.' German 'der-Sohn' and Spanish 'al-Hijo' both reflect the definite/specific reading. The Aramaic provenance is confirmed by Syriac cognate bar, suggesting either late composition or deliberate archaizing. 4×
AR["الابْنَ", "يا-ابْني", "يا-ابْنَ-"]·ben["আমার-পুত্র", "পুত্র-", "পুত্রকে"]·DE["[בר]", "[ברי]", "der-Sohn"]·EN["my-son", "son-of", "the-son"]·FR["fils", "mon-ברי-moi", "בר"]·heb["בר", "בר-", "ברי"]·HI["पुत्र-को", "बेटा-मेरे", "बेटे-"]·ID["Anak", "anak", "anakku"]·IT["figlio", "figlio-di", "mio-figlio-mio"]·jav["ingkang-Putra", "putra-saking", "putranipun"]·KO["내-아들아", "아들-을", "아들아"]·PT["filho-de-", "meu-filho", "o-Filho"]·RU["Сына", "сын-", "сын-мой"]·ES["al-Hijo", "hijo-de-", "hijo-mío"]·SW["asije", "mwana-wa", "mwanangu"]·TR["Oğul'u", "oğlu-", "oğlum"]·urd["بیٹے", "بیٹے-میرے", "بیٹے-کو"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. בַּר n.m. son (Aramaic בַּר, Syriac ܒܰܪ ) only in late Heb. of Pr 31:2, 2 (both cstr.), v 2 sf. בְּרִי; נשׁקו בר ψ 2:12 kiss the son, 𝔖 Modern Vrss Ges De Pe et al.; receive instruction 𝔗; δράξασθε παιδείας 𝔊; apprehendite disciplinam 𝔙 Ew; kiss purely, do sincere homage Aq Sym Jer BrMP 136; emend. Lag (מוֹסָרוֹ) נַשְּׁקוּ מוֹסֵרוֹ put on his bonds (cf. v 3) so Kmp CheOP 351.