H0861 H0861
Furnace (Aramaic) — the blazing kiln or smelting furnace, used of the fiery furnace in Daniel 3
The Aramaic noun אַתּוּן (attun) designates a large furnace or kiln heated to extreme temperatures. All ten occurrences appear in Daniel 3, where Nebuchadnezzar orders Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego thrown into a furnace of blazing fire for refusing to worship his golden image. The furnace is heated 'seven times more than usual' (Dan 3:19), so hot it kills the soldiers who throw the three in (Dan 3:22). Yet Nebuchadnezzar sees four figures walking unharmed in the flames (Dan 3:25). The word cognates with Hebrew אָתוֹן (oven/furnace) and Akkadian utūnu. Spanish 'horno' and French 'fournaise' both capture the industrial-scale heat implied.
Senses
1. furnace (fire chamber) — A large furnace or kiln capable of producing intense heat, used exclusively in Daniel 3's narrative of the three Jewish exiles' ordeal. The furnace (אַתּוּן דִּי נוּרָא יָקִדְתָּא, 'furnace of blazing fire') functions as Nebuchadnezzar's instrument of execution for those who defy his idolatrous decree (Dan 3:6, 11, 15, 17, 20-21, 23, 26). The miraculous deliverance — four figures walking unscathed amid the flames — transforms the furnace from a symbol of tyrannical power to a witness of divine sovereignty. Spanish 'horno ardiente' and German 'Feuerofen' convey the terrifying scale. 10×
AR["أَتُّونِ","أَتُّونِ-","الأَتُّونُ","فِي-أَتُّونِ","وَ-الأَتُّونُ"]·ben["-চুল্লিকে","-চুল্লিতে","এবং-চুল্লি","চুল্লির","চুল্লির-"]·DE["Ofen","und-Ofen"]·EN["and-the-furnace","furnace-of","furnace-of-","into-furnace-of","the-furnace"]·FR["et-fournaise","fournaise"]·heb["ו-ה-כבשן","כבשן","ל-כבשן"]·HI["और-भट्टी","को-भट्टी","भट्टी","में-भट्टी"]·ID["dan-perapian","ke-dalam-perapian","perapian"]·IT["e-forno","forno"]·jav["dhateng-kang-pawon","kang-pawon","lan-kang-pawon","pawon","pawon-"]·KO["그리고-화덕이-그","화덕","화덕-","화덕에-그","화덕을-그"]·PT["a-fornalha","e-a-fornalha","fornalha-de","na-fornalha-de"]·RU["-печь","в-печь","и-печь","печи","печи-"]·ES["al-horno-de","el-horno","el-horno-de","horno-de","y-el-horno"]·SW["katika-tanuru","na-tanuru","tanuru","tanuru-"]·TR["fırına","fırından","fırını","fırının","fırının-","ve-fırın"]·urd["اور-بھٹی","بھٹی","میں-بھٹی","کو-بھٹی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אַתּוּן n.m. Dn 3:19 (prob. f. v. 26) furnace (prob. loan-word from Assyrian utûnu, atûnu, id. [also TelAm.], DHM VOJ i. 23 Buhl; Syriac ܐܰܬܘܿܢܳܐ, hence Arabic أَتُّونٌ as loan-word Frä 26; Ethiopic እቶን Di763; conj. on etym. in K § 59 Anm. Lag BN 111);—cstr. א׳ Dn 3:6, 11, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23, 26; emph. אַתּוּנָא 3:19, 22.