H0811 H0811
A cluster, especially of grapes; used literally of vineyard produce and figuratively of beauty or judgment.
Denotes a cluster of grapes, most famously the enormous cluster carried back by the Israelite spies from the Valley of Eshkol (Num 13:23-24), which gave the valley its name. The word appears in both literal agricultural contexts — Pharaoh's cupbearer sees clusters ripening in his dream (Gen 40:10) — and rich figurative usage: the beloved is compared to clusters of henna blossoms (Song 1:14; 7:8-9), while Deuteronomy 32:32 uses 'clusters of gall' to indict Israel's enemies. Spanish 'racimo' and French 'grappe' confirm the core meaning across languages.
Senses
1. cluster (of grapes) — A cluster of grapes (or by extension, other fruit and blossoms). The concrete sense appears in the spy narrative where the famous אֶשְׁכּוֹל עֲנָבִים ('cluster of grapes') from Num 13:23 was so large it required two men to carry. Genesis 40:10 describes clusters ripening in Pharaoh's cupbearer dream. Figuratively, Song of Solomon uses it for clusters of henna blossoms and date-palm fruit as images of beauty (1:14; 7:8-9), while Deut 32:32 inverts the image — 'their clusters are clusters of gall.' Spanish 'racimo' and French 'grappe' consistently reflect the core agricultural sense. 9×
AR["إِشْكُول","الْعُنْقُودِ","بِ-الْعُنْقُودِ","بِالْعَنَاقِيدِ","عَنَاقِيدُهَا","عَنَاقِيدُهُمْ","عُنْقُودَ","كَعَنَاقِيدِ","وَ-عُنْقُودَ"]·ben["-গুচ্ছ","-গুচ্ছের-মতো","-গুচ্ছের-মতো।","আঙুরের-গুচ্ছে","এবং-গুচ্ছ","গুচ্ছ","তার-আঙুরগুলি","থোকা"]·DE["[אשכול]","[אשכל]","[באשכול]","[כאשכלות]","[לאשכלות]","clusters-von","der-cluster","seine-Trauben","und-cluster-von"]·EN["and-cluster-of","cluster","cluster-of","clusters-its","clusters-of","in-the-cluster","like-clusters-of","the-cluster","to-clusters"]·FR["Grappe","[באשכול]","clusters-de","clusters-son","comme-les-grappes","et-cluster-de","grappe","le-cluster","à-des-grappes."]·heb["אשכול","אשכלות","אשכלתיה-ה","ב-אשכול","ה-אשכול","ו-אשכול","כ-אשכולות","ל-אשכולות"]·HI["उसके-गुच्छे","और-गुच्छा","गुच्छा","गुच्छे","गुच्छे-का","गुच्छे-में","गुच्छों-के-समान"]·ID["Setangkai","anggur-itu","dalam-tandan","dan-setandan","dengan-tandan-tandan","seperti-tandan-tandan","tandan","tandan-tandan","tandan-tandannya"]·IT["[אשכול]","[באשכול]","cluster-of","clusters-di","clusters-suo","come-like-clusters-of","e-cluster-di","il-cluster","per-a-clusters"]·jav["Tandan","dhateng-tandan","ing-gerombol-anggur","kados-tandan","klompok-klompok","lan-setandan","setandan-punika","tandan-anggur","tandan-tandanipun"]·KO["그-포도송이","그것의-송이들이","그리고-포도송이","송이","송이들(접)","에-포도송이에서","포도송이-가","포도송이들-에","포도송이들-처럼"]·PT["Cacho-de","a-cachos","cacho","cachos","cachos-dela","como-cachos-de","e-cacho-de","no-cacho","o-cacho"]·RU["Гроздь","в-hа-грозди","грозди","гроздья-её","гроздьям.","и-гроздь","как-гроздья"]·ES["Racimo-de","a-los-racimos","como-racimos-de","el-racimo","en-el-racimo","racimo","racimos","racimos-suyos","y-racimo-de"]·SW["kama-vishada","katika-kishada","kishada","la-kishada","matunda","na-kishada","vishada"]·TR["salkilara","salkilari-gibi","salkimda","salkım","salkımları","salkımın","sallamları","ve-salkımı"]·urd["اور-گچھا","مہندی-کا-گچھا","گچھا","گچھوں-کی-طرح","گچھے","گچھے-اس-کے","گچھے-میں","گچھے-کے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אֶשְׁכּוֹל (אֶשְׁכֹּל Ct 1:14) n.m. Nu 13:23 cluster (Ethiopic አስካል Arabic إِثْكَالٌ, Aramaic אִיתְכְּלָא; etym. dub.; Thes MV sub √שׁכל, but no suitable meaning proven; Sta§ 258, 300 der. from √ אשׁך c. afformat. ל)—א׳ abs. Nu 13:24 +; cstr. v 23 +; pl. אַשְׁכֹּלוֹת Ct 7:8; cstr. אַשְׁכְּלֹת Dt 32:32, אֶשְׁכְּלוֹת Ct 7:9; sf. אַשְׁכְּלֹתֶיהָ Gn 40:10;— 1. cluster of grapes, א׳ עֲנָבִים Nu…