1. Artaxerxes (Persian king, form II) — The proper noun Artaxerxes (אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא), the second orthographic form of the Persian king's name appearing in Ezra-Nehemiah. Multilingual evidence confirms a single royal referent: eng 'Artachshasht/Artachshasta', spa 'Artajerjes/Artaĥshashta', hin 'अर्तक्षस्त', arb 'أَرْتَحْشَسْتَا/أَرْتَحْشَسْتا', kor '아르다셔스다', swa 'Artashasta'. The two clusters differ only in prepositional context (directional 'to Artaxerxes' vs. conjunctive 'and Artaxerxes'), both identifying the same Persian monarch who authorized the Jerusalem restoration. 7×
AR["أَرْتَحْشَسْتا","أَرْتَحْشَسْتَا","إِلَى-أَرْتَحْشَسْتَا","وَ-أَرْتَحْشَسْتا"]·ben["-অর্তহশস্তার","অর্তক্ষস্ত","অর্তহশস্তা","আর-অর্তহশস্তার"]·DE["Artahsasta","[(ארתחששת)]","[[ארתחששתא]]","[ארתחששתא]","[וארתחששתא]","[לארתחששתא]"]·EN["Artachshasht","Artachshasta","[ketiv]","and-Artachshasta","to-Artachshasht"]·FR["Artaxerxès","et-Artaxerxès","zu-Artaxerxès"]·heb["(ארתחששת)","[ארתחששתא]","ארתחשסתא","ארתחששתא","ו-ארתחששתא","ל-ארתחששתא"]·HI["अर्तक्षस्त","अर्तक्षस्त-को","और-अर्तक्षस्त"]·ID["Artahsasta","[kere]","dan-Artahsasta","kepada-Artahsasta"]·IT["Artaserse","a-Artaserse","e-Artaserse"]·jav["Artahsasta","ing-ngajeng","kados-makaten","kang-ratu","kawos","lan-Artahsasta"]·KO["(아르다셔스다)","[아르다셔스다]","그리고-아르다셔스다","아르다셔스다","에게-아르다셔스다"]·PT["(Artachshasta)","Artachshashta","Artachshasta","[Artachshasta]","a-Artachshasta","e-Artachshashta"]·RU["[кетив]","Артахшашта","Артахшаште","и-Артахшашты","к-Артахшаште"]·ES["(Artajerjes)","Artajerjes","Artaĥshashta","[Artajerjes]","a-Artajerjes","y-Artaĥshashta"]·SW["Artashasta","[Artashasta]","kwa-Artashasta","na-Artashasta"]·TR["Artahsasta","Artahsastanin","Artahsastaya","K","ve-Artahsastanin"]·urd["(ارتخشستا)","[ارتخشستا]","ارتخشستا","اور-ارتخشستا","لے-ارتخشستا"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא n.pr.m. of king, Ezr 4:8, 11, 23; 6:14 = -שַׁסְתְּא 7:12, 21 (BH -שַׁשְׂתָּא; Egyptian Aramaic ארתחשסש RÉS 438, S-C B2+; v. also Andr M 54* Scheft i. 79);—Αρσαρθα, Α(ρ)σαθαθα, Αρθασαθα; 𝔊L Αρταξερξης.