Σάρδεις G4554
Sardis; ancient wealthy city in Asia Minor, site of one of the seven churches
Sardis was the ancient capital of Lydia in western Asia Minor, famous for its wealth, its fortress acropolis, and its eventual decline. By New Testament times it was past its glory but still significant. It was one of the seven churches addressed in Revelation, rebuked for being spiritually dead despite its reputation.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Identifies the city of Sardis and its church. Revelation 1:11 includes Sardis in the list of seven cities to receive John's message. Revelation 3:1 addresses 'the angel of the church in Sardis: These things says he who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars: I know your works, that you have a name that you are alive, but you are dead.' Revelation 3:4 offers hope: 'you have a few names even in Sardis who have not defiled their garments.' The consistent cross-linguistic identification shows this is the historical city whose past glory contrasted sharply with its spiritual deadness—a warning about resting on reputation rather than reality. 3×
AR["ساردِسَ"]·ben["সার্দিতে", "সার্দিসে", "সার্দিসে,"]·DE["Sardes"]·EN["Sardeis"]·FR["Sardes"]·heb["סָרְדֵיס"]·HI["सरदीस,", "सारदीस", "सारदीस,"]·ID["Sardis", "Sardis,"]·IT["sardeis", "sardesin"]·jav["Sardis"]·KO["사데"]·PT["Sardes"]·RU["Сардис,", "Сардисе", "Сардисе,"]·ES["Sardis"]·SW["Sardi", "Sardi,"]·TR["Sart'ta"]·urd["سردیس", "سردیس-میں"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
Σάρδεις, εων, αἱ, “Sardes”, the capital of Lydia, Refs 4th c.BC+:—Ionic dialect Σάρδιες Refs, etc. (Σάρδῑς is only falsa lectio in Refs 5th c.BC+; genitive Σαρδίων, dative Σάρδῐσι, Refs 5th c.BC+; accusative Σάοδιας Refs 5th c.BC+:— adjective Σαρδιᾱνός, Ionic dialect Σαρδι-ηνός, ή, όν, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ Σαρδιανοί Refs 5th c.BC+:—Σαρδιᾱνικός, ή, όν, Refs 5th c.BC+