πρᾶγμα G4229
Matter, thing, affair — a concrete event, legal case, business concern, or abstract reality under consideration
The noun πρᾶγμα (pragma) covers a broad semantic range from concrete happenings to abstract realities. Luke uses it for the events 'accomplished among us' (Luke 1:1), and in Matthew 18:19 it denotes any 'matter' about which two believers agree in prayer. Acts 5:4 employs it for the deed Ananias conceived in his heart. Paul uses it technically for a legal case or lawsuit (1 Cor 6:1) and for a business affair or possible wrong (1 Thess 4:6). The writer of Hebrews elevates it to the philosophical register: God confirmed his promise by 'two immutable things' (Heb 6:18), and faith is the substance of 'things' hoped for (Heb 11:1). Spanish 'asunto/cosa' and Arabic 'amr' reflect the same breadth.
Senses
1. matter, thing, affair — A matter, thing, affair, or deed — the general sense covering concrete events, legal disputes, practical business, and abstract realities. Used for events that have taken place (Luke 1:1; Acts 5:4), a subject of agreement in prayer (Matt 18:19), a legal case brought before courts (1 Cor 6:1), a commercial or interpersonal affair (1 Thess 4:6; Rom 16:2), and the underlying realities apprehended by faith (Heb 6:18; 10:1; 11:1). Multilingual glosses confirm a unified concept: Hebrew 'davar,' Arabic 'amr,' Korean 'il,' Spanish 'asunto/cosa,' and French 'affaire.' 11×
AR["أمرٍ", "أَمْرٍ", "أَمْرٍ.", "أَمْرَ", "أَمْرَيْنِ", "أُمُور", "أُمُورٍ", "الأمْرِ", "الأَمرِ", "قَضِيَّةً"]·ben["কাজ", "বাস্তবতাগুলির", "বিষয়", "বিষয়গুলির", "বিষয়ে", "বিষয়ে।", "বিষয়ের"]·DE["Sachen", "πράγματος", "πραγμάτων", "πρᾶγμα"]·EN["matter", "matters", "of-things", "thing", "things"]·FR["affaire"]·heb["דְּבָרִים", "דָּבָר", "עִנְיָן"]·HI["काम", "कार्य-में", "बअत", "बातों", "बातों,", "मअमले", "मनुष्यों-से", "मामला", "मामले"]·ID["hal", "hal-hal", "hal.", "perbuatan", "peristiwa-peristiwa", "perkara", "perkara-ini", "perkara.", "realitas"]·IT["cosa", "pragmaton", "pragmatos"]·jav["bab", "kasaénan", "perkawis,", "perkawis-perkawis", "perkawis.", "prakawis", "prakawis,", "prekawis."]·KO["이-", "일", "일-에", "일들로", "일들을", "일들의", "일에", "일에서", "일을", "일이."]·PT["assunto", "assunto.", "coisas", "de-realidades", "negócio", "obra", "questão", "realidades"]·RU["-ведь", "вещей", "делах", "деле", "дело", "дело."]·ES["asunto", "cosas", "de-cosas", "obra", "realidades"]·SW["jambo", "jambo.", "mambo", "shauri"]·TR["içinde-", "iş", "işin", "işler", "işte", "meselede", "sizin", "şeyi", "şeyin", "şeylerin"]·urd["باتوں-کا", "باتوں-کے", "حقیقتوں", "معاملہ", "معاملے", "معاملے-میں", "معاملے-کے", "کام", "کام۔"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πρᾶγμα, ατος, τό, Ionic dialect πρῆχμα Refs 5th c.BC+; also πρῆγμα Refs 5th c.BC+ perhaps wrote πρῆχμα, which is seeRefs 2nd c.AD+; compare πρήχματος οὐχ ὁσίου imitated from Refs 5th c.BC+: (πράσσω):— deed, act, the concrete of πρᾶξις, but frequently approaching to the abstract sense, Refs 6th c.BC+; opposed to λόγοι, Refs 5th c.BC+; γυναίου π. ἐποίει did the act of a woman, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II…