πετεινός G4071
Bird, fowl — winged creatures of the air, used collectively for wild birds in nature and parable imagery
Derived from the adjective peteinós ('able to fly, winged'), this noun denotes birds collectively, particularly wild birds of the open sky. In the Gospels it appears prominently in Jesus' teaching: the birds of the air neither sow nor reap yet the heavenly Father feeds them (Matt 6:26), and the birds come to nest in the mustard tree's branches (Matt 13:32). The parable of the sower uses birds as agents who devour seed fallen on the path (Matt 13:4; Mark 4:4). Spanish 'aves,' French 'oiseau,' and German 'Vögel' all converge on the same natural category — wild flying creatures — confirming a tight, monosemous profile across all 14 New Testament occurrences.
Senses
1. birds — Birds collectively, the winged creatures of the air, encompassing wild birds in general rather than any specific species. In Jesus' teaching, they serve as exemplars of divine providence (Matt 6:26, 'the birds of the air') and as parabolic agents (Matt 13:4, birds devouring seed; Matt 13:32, birds nesting in branches). Cross-linguistic evidence is uniform — eng: birds, spa: aves, fra: oiseau, deu: Vögel — indicating no semantic subdivision. All 14 occurrences carry this single collective sense. 14×
AR["الطُّيورِ","الطُّيُورِ","طُيورُ","طُيورِ","طُيُورَ","طُيُورُ"]·ben["পাখি","পাখি,","পাখিগুলির","পাখিগুলো","পাখিদের","পাখিদের,","পাখিদের-চেয়ে","পাখিরা"]·DE["Voegel","Vogel"]·EN["birds","of-birds"]·FR["oiseau"]·heb["עוֹף","עוֹפוֹת","צִפֳּרִים","צִפֳרִים"]·HI["और","पकशियोन-ने","पकशेए","पक्षियों","पक्षियों-की","पक्षियों-के","पक्षियों-को","पक्षियों-ने","पक्षी"]·ID["burung","burung-burung","burung-burung,","itu"]·IT["peteinōn","uccello"]·jav["manuk","manuk,","peksi","peksi,"]·KO["나는-것들-이","새들","새들-의,","새들도","새들보다","새들을","새들이"]·PT["aves","aves,","de-aves"]·RU["птиц","птиц,","птицам","птицы"]·ES["aves","de-aves"]·SW["ndege","ndege,"]·TR["kuşlar","kuşlar,","kuşlara","kuşlardan","kuşları","kuşların","kuşlarının"]·urd["پرندوں","پرندوں-نے","پرندوں-کی","پرندوں٬","پرندے"]
Matt 6:26, Matt 8:20, Matt 13:4, Matt 13:32, Mark 4:4, Mark 4:32, Luke 8:5, Luke 9:58, Luke 12:24, Luke 13:19, Acts 10:12, Acts 11:6 (+2 more)
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πετεινός, ή, όν, also πετηνός (see. near the end), and πτηνός (see. entry), Epic dialect and poetry πετεηνός (also πετεεινός Refs 1st c.BC+:— able to fly, full-fledged, of young birds, πάρος πετεηνὰ γενέσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; of birds generally, able to fly, winged, πετηνῶν.. ὑπ᾽ οἰωνῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ winged fowl, αἰετὸς.. τελειότατος πετεηνῶν Refs 8th c.BC+; πετεινόν a bird, Refs 6th c.BC+; τὰ πετεινά (with variant{πετηνά}) Refs 5th c.BC+ is the name of an Attic dialectship in Refs