This noun denotes the disposition to observe divine law and show reverence—piety, devoutness, holiness. Classical usage covers both religious devotion toward gods and filial piety toward parents (like Latin pietas). In Luke 1:75, Zechariah's prophecy describes serving God 'in holiness and righteousness.' Ephesians 4:24 speaks of the new self 'created in righteousness and holiness of the truth.' The word emphasizes the inner disposition and outward practice of reverent devotion, oriented both vertically (toward God) and horizontally (toward others).