G2823 G2823
an oven, a furnace for baking bread
This noun refers to a covered earthen baking vessel or oven, wider at the bottom than the top, used for baking bread by surrounding it with hot embers. Jesus uses it in both Matthew 6:30 and Luke 12:28 in His teaching about God's care: if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will He not much more clothe you? The image evokes the practice of using dried grass and field plants as fuel for heating bread ovens. The term emphasizes the common, humble household technology that every hearer would recognize from daily life.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Both Gospel sayings (Matt 6:30, Luke 12:28) use the same illustration: grass that today is and tomorrow is thrown into the oven (εἰς κλίβανον βαλλόμενον). The point is God's providential care for what is temporary and lowly. The multilingual glosses are straightforward: English 'oven,' Spanish 'horno,' French 'four,' German preserves the Greek 'κλίβανον.' The word conjures the image of a simple earthenware bread oven heated by burning grass and field stubble, familiar to every ancient household. 2×
AR["التَّنُّورِ", "تَنّورٍ"]·ben["উনুনে"]·DE["κλίβανον"]·EN["an-oven", "oven"]·FR["four"]·heb["תַּנּוּר"]·HI["भट्ठी", "भट्ठी-में"]·ID["perapian", "tungku"]·IT["forno"]·jav["anglo", "pawon"]·KO["화덕", "화덕에"]·PT["forno"]·RU["печь"]·ES["el-horno", "horno"]·SW["tanuru"]·TR["fırına"]·urd["تندور", "تنور"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
Included with: κρίβᾰν-ος, ὁ, Attic dialect for κλίβανος (which is called Doric dialect in Refs 5th c.BC+, covered earthen vessel, wider at bottom than at top, wherein bread was baked by putting hot embers round it, Refs 5th c.BC+; potter's oven, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 funnel-shaped vessel, used for drawing water, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II underground channel or vaulted passage, in irrigation works, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 hollow, cavern in a rock, Refs 2nd c.AD+