1. since, because; otherwise — Causal and counterfactual conjunction covering 'since/because' (giving a reason) and 'otherwise/else' (introducing the contrary alternative). Both sub-senses were already mixed within S67527, and S67530 is simply one more 'otherwise' occurrence. Multilingual evidence spans both uses uniformly: spa puesto que / Porque, arb إِذْ (idh, 'since') / وَإِلَّا (wa-illa, 'otherwise'), kor 이는 (inuen, 'for') / 그렇지 않으면 ('otherwise'), swa kwa kuwa ('because') / vinginevyo ('otherwise'), hin क्योंकि (kyonki, 'because') / नहीं तो (nahin to, 'otherwise'). The pre-split clusters do not cleanly separate these sub-uses, so merging is warranted. 27×
AR["إذ","إِذْ","بِمَا-أَنَّ","وَإِلَّا"]·ben["অন্যথায়","কেননা","যেহেতু"]·DE["da","da-"]·EN["since","since-"]·FR["puisque","puisque-"]·heb["הוֹאִיל","כִּי-אָז","כֵּיוָן","מֵאַחַר","מֵאַחַר-שֶׁ-","שֶׁהֲרֵי"]·HI["इसलिए","क्योंकि","चूँकि","चूंकि","जब-कि","नहीं-तो"]·ID["Karena","karena","sebab-kalau-tidak"]·IT["poiche-","poiché"]·jav["amargi","awit"]·KO["-이기에","~때문에","그러므로","그렇지-않으면","때문에","왜냐하면","이는","이에","이후로"]·PT["Pois","Visto-que","já-que","pois","porque","visto-que"]·RU["иначе","отсечёшься","поскольку"]·ES["Ya-que","de-lo-contrario","porque","puesto-que"]·SW["basi-kwa-kuwa-","kwa-kuwa","kwa-kuwa-","kwa-sababu","vinginevyo"]·TR["beri-","madem","madem-","yoksa","yoksa-","çünkü","çünkü-"]·urd["جب","جبکہ","ورنہ","چونکہ","کیونکہ"]
Matt 18:32, Matt 21:46, Matt 27:6, Mark 15:42, Luke 1:34, John 13:29, John 19:31, Rom 3:6, Rom 11:6, Rom 11:6, Rom 11:22, 1 Cor 5:10 (+15 more)
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπεί, conjunction, both temporal and causal; also ἐπειδή, ἐπείτε. OF TIME (ἐπειδή is more frequently in this sense in Prose), after that, since, when, from Refs 8th c.BC+ __I with Ind., __I.1 of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly with aorist, ἐπεί π᾽ εὔξαντο after they had prayed, Refs 8th c.BC+after Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely with imperfect, ἐπειδὴ εἱστιώμεθ᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+pluperfect, ἐπειδὴ…