ἀδῐκέω G0091
To do wrong, harm, or injure; to act unjustly or suffer wrongdoing
Adikeō spans the moral and physical dimensions of wrongdoing. At its core it means to act unjustly -- to commit wrong against another person, as when Paul asks 'Have I wronged you?' (Acts 25:10). But in Revelation's apocalyptic visions, it shifts toward physical harm and destruction: the locusts are told not to 'harm' the grass (Rev 9:4), and the sealed servants must not be 'injured' (Rev 7:2-3). The passive voice captures the victim's perspective -- being wronged or cheated (1 Cor 6:7). Spanish distinguishes these registers clearly: agraviar for moral wrong, dañar for physical harm, and sufrir injusticia for the passive experience.
1. to do wrong, act unjustly — To do wrong or act unjustly, emphasizing moral or legal transgression rather than physical injury. Appears 14 times in contexts of interpersonal and judicial wrongdoing: the vineyard owner insists 'I am not wronging you' (Matt 20:13), and Moses confronts one Hebrew wronging another (Acts 7:26-27). The Spanish agraviar and French faire tort capture this juridical dimension. 14×
AR["أَظلِمُكَ","أَظْلِمُ","الظّالِمُ","الظّالِمِ","تَظْلِمونَ","تَظْلِمُونَ","ظَالِمُ","ظَلَمَ","ظَلَمَكَ","ظَلَمْنا","لَم-تَظلِموني","لَمْ-أَظْلِمْ","لِيَظْلِمْ"]·ben["অধর্ম-করুক","অধার্মিক","অন্যায়-কর","অন্যায়-করছি","অন্যায়-করিতেছি","অন্যায়-করিয়াছি","অন্যায়-করেছিলে।","অন্যায়কারী","আমরা-অন্যায়-করিনি,","ক্ষতি-করেছে","যে-অন্যায়-করেছিলের,","সে-অন্যায়-করেছে"]·DE["Unrecht-tun","tut-Unrecht"]·EN["I-am-doing-wrong","I-have-wronged","I-wrong","doing-wrong","having-done-wrong","he-did-wrong","he-wronged","let-him-do-wrong","one-doing-wrong","we-wronged","wrong","wronging","you-wrong","you-wronged"]·FR["faire-tort"]·heb["הַעֹשֵׂק-עָוֶל","יָרֵעַ","לֹא-עֲשִׂיתֶנִי-עָוֶל","לֹא־עָשִׂיתִי","מֵרַע","עָוַלְנוּ","עָשַׂק","עוֹוֵל","עוֹלֵל","עוֹשְׁקִים","עוֹשֵׁק","עוֹשֶׂה־לְךָ־אֲנִי","שֶׁעָשַׂק"]·HI["अधर्म-करे","अन्यय-करत","अन्यय-करने-वअल","अन्याय-करते-हो","अन्याय-करने-वाला","अन्याय-किया-हमने","अन्यायकरताहूँ","अभी","उस्ने-अन्यय-किय","जिसने-अन्याय-किया","तुमने-नैनसअफ़ि-कि.","मैंनेअन्यायकिया"]·ID["berbuat-salah,","berbuat-tidak-adil","biarlah-berbuat-jahat","dia perbuat jahat","dia-merugikan","kami-aniaya","kamu-berbuat-salah","menyakiti","menyakiti,","yang berbuat jahat","yang-berbuat-jahat"]·IT["fare-ingiustizia"]·jav["awon","ingkang-tumindak-lepat","kawula-tumindak-luput","kula-lepat,","kula-sisiya,","luput","nganiaya","nganiaya-panjenengan-sedaya","nyalahi","panjenengan-sami-sampun-cilakakaken.","sampun-dipun-tindakaken-lepat","sumangga-taksih-tumindak-awon","tumindak-luput"]·KO["불의를-행하는","불의를-행하면","불의를-행한","불의를-행한다","불의하게-하라","불의하지-않는다","불의한-자는","잘못하느냐","잘못하는-자-가","잘못했다면","해치지-않았다","해하지-않았느니라.","해하지-않았다","해한-자"]·PT["faz-injustiça","fazeis-injustiça","faço-injustiça","faço-mal,","fez-injustiça","injustiçais","pratique-injustiça","prejudicamos","prejudicastes","prejudiquei,","que-injustiçava","que-ofendeu","que-pratica-injustiça","te-prejudicou"]·RU["делающий-неправду","не-обидел","не-обидели","неправедный","обидевшего","обидел","обижаете","обижаю","обижающий","преступаю","пусть-делает-неправду","сделал-неправедно"]·ES["agraviáis","agravé","haciendo-injusticia","haciendo-injusticia,","haga-injusticia","hizo-injustamente","injuriasteis","obro-injustamente","os-hacéis-injusticia","perjudicamos","que-hace-injusticia","que-hizo-injusticia","te-hago-injusticia","te-perjudicó"]·SW["Je-hukupatana","alilolifanya-vibaya","aliyedhuru,","aliyemdhuru","atendaye-vibaya","kumkosea","mkunidhulumu","mnadhulumu","mnadhuriana","mwenye-dhuluma","na-adhulumu","nimekosa","nimewakosea","tulidhuru,"]·TR["birbirinize","haksizlik-eden","haksizlik-etti","haksızlık ediyorsunuz","haksızlık etmedik","haksızlık-eden","haksızlık-ediyorsam","haksızlık-ediyorum","haksızlık-ettim","haksızlık-ettiniz","haksızlık-ettiyse","haksızlık-yapsın","o-"]·urd["اُس-نے-نقصان-کیا-ہو","بے-انصافی-کرتا-ہوں","ظالم","ظلم-کرتا-رہے","ظلم-کرتے-ہو","ظلم-کرنے-والا","ظلم-کرنے-والے","ظلم-کیا","میں-نے-ظلم-کیا-ہے","میں-نے-نقصان-کیا"]
Matt 20:13, Acts 7:26, Acts 7:27, Acts 25:10, Acts 25:11, 1 Cor 6:8, 2 Cor 7:2, 2 Cor 7:12, Gal 4:12, Col 3:25, Col 3:25, Phlm 1:18 (+2 more)
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
2. to harm or injure — To harm, injure, or damage physically, often in apocalyptic contexts of affliction or destruction. Revelation uses this sense repeatedly: the scorpion-locusts harm those without God's seal (Rev 9:4), and the two witnesses have power to destroy those who would harm them (Rev 11:5). Spanish dañar makes the physical dimension explicit where English 'harm' can blur with moral wrong. 10×
AR["أن-يَضُرُّوا","أَن-يُؤذيَهُم","أَنْ-تَضُرَّ","تَضُرَّ","تَضُرُّ","تَضُرُّوا","يَتَأَذَّى","يَضُرَّكُمْ"]·ben["ক্ষতি-করতে","ক্ষতি-করবে","ক্ষতি-করিস","ক্ষতি-করিস।","ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত-হবে","তারা-ক্ষতি-করবে","তারা-ক্ষতি-করে।"]·DE["Unrecht-tun","tut-Unrecht"]·EN["harm","they-harm","they-should-harm","to-harm","will-be-harmed","will-harm","you-harm"]·FR["faire-tort"]·heb["יִפָּגַע","יַזִּיק","יַזִּיקוּ","לְ-הַזִּיק","לְהַזִּיק","מַזִּיקִים","תַּזִּיק","תַּזִּיקוּ"]·HI["वे-हानि-करें","हानि-उठाएगा","हानि-करती-हैं।","हानि-करना","हानि-करने-की","हानि-पहुँचाएगा","हानि-पहुँचाओ","हानि-पहुँचाना","हानि-पहुँचा।"]·ID["disakiti","kau-rusakkan.","menyakiti","menyakiti,","mereka-menyakiti","mereka-menyakiti.","merusakkan","rusakkan","untuk-menyakiti"]·IT["fare-ingiustizia"]·jav["badhé-dipunpiara","cilaka","ngrisak","nyilakani","panjenengan-risak","panjenengan-sedaya-ngrisak","piyambakipun-sedaya-ngrisak"]·KO["해를-입지-않겠다","해치도록","해치지-말라","해치지-못하리라","해하게","해하느니라","해하는","해하려고"]·PT["danificam","danificar","danificassem","danifiqueis","danifiques","de-danificar","prejudicar","será-ferido"]·RU["будет-обижен","вредили-они","вредите","вредить","вредят.","навредить,","повреди.","повредит"]·ES["dañan","dañar","dañará","dañen","dañes","dañéis","será-dañado"]·SW["hatadhiriwa","hudhuru.","kitawadhuru","kudhuru","kuwadhuru","kuwadhuru,","msidhuru","usidhuru.","wasidhuru"]·TR["-dan","zarar-verecek","zarar-verin","zarar-veriyorlar","zarar-vermek","zarar-versinler","şarabı"]·urd["نقصان-اُٹھائے-گا","نقصان-پہنچا","نقصان-پہنچائیں","نقصان-پہنچائے-گا","نقصان-پہنچاتے-ہیں","نقصان-پہنچانا","نقصان-پہنچانے-کا","نقصان-کرنا","نقصان-کرو"]
3. to be wronged, suffer injustice — To be wronged or suffer injustice, the passive experience of being the victim of another's wrongdoing. Paul counsels the Corinthians 'why not rather be wronged?' (1 Cor 6:7), and Stephen sees the Hebrew 'being wronged' in Egypt (Acts 7:24). Spanish siendo tratado injustamente and the passive construction highlight the sufferer's vantage point rather than the perpetrator's act. 4×
AR["المَظلومِ","تُظْلَمونَ","مَظلومينَ","مَظْلُومًا"]·ben["অন্যায়-পাচ্ছে","অন্যায়-পেয়ে","অন্যায়-সহ?","যে-অন্যায়সহন-করেছিলের,"]·DE["Unrecht-tun","tut-Unrecht"]·EN["being-wronged","having-been-wronged","you-are-wronged"]·FR["faire-tort"]·heb["נֶעֱלָב","נֶעֱשַׁק","נֶעֱשָׁקִים","תֵּעָשְׁקוּ"]·HI["अन्याय-किया-जाते-हुए","अन्याय-सहते-हो","जिसे-अन्याय-किया-गया","पाते-हुए-अन्याय"]·ID["dianiaya,","diperlakukan-tidak-adil?","yang-dianiaya"]·IT["fare-ingiustizia"]·jav["dipun-aniaya,","dipun-tumindak-luput","luput,","panjenengan-dipun-salahi?"]·KO["불의-당하는-것-을","불의를-당하느냐","해를-받는-자들,","해받은-자"]·PT["que-foi-ofendido","sendo-injustiçado","sofreis-injustiça","sofrendo-injustiça"]·RU["обижаемого","обижаемые","обиженного","терпите-несправедливость?"]·ES["que-sufrió-injusticia","siendo-dañados","siendo-tratado-injustamente","sois-agraviados?"]·SW["akionewa","aliyedhuriwa,","mkudhulumike?","wakidhulumiwa"]·TR["ama-","haksızlık-edilen","haksızlığa uğrarsınız","haksızlığa-uğrayan"]·urd["ظلم-اُٹھانے-والے","ظلم-سہتے-ہو","ظلم-ہوتا","نقصان-اُٹھاتے-ہوئے،"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀδῐκέω, Aeolic dialect ἀδικήω Refs 7th c.BC+, Doric dialect ἀδικίω Refsimperfect ἠδίκεον or ἠδίκευνRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future in middle form ἀδικήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: —to be ἄδικος, do wrong (defined by Refs 4th c.BC+those who have sinned, Refs 5th c.BC+ and Attic dialect; τἀδικεῖν wrong-doing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μὴ ἀδικεῖν righteous dealing, Refs 4th c.BC+:— in legal phrase, do wrong in the…