Worship Prostration

[שָׁחָה172] vb. bow down (NH id.; J Aram. שְׁחִי (rare); akin to שׁוח, שׁחח);— Qal Imv. fs. שְׁחִי Is 51:23 bow down. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה Pr 12:25, fig., anxiety depresses it (sc. לֵב; opp. שִׂמֵּחַ). Hithpaʿlēl170 (Ges§ 75 kk) Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה Ez 46:2; 2 ms. הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֫יתָ Dt 4:19 + 3 times; 1 s. הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֫יתִי 1 S 16:4 + 2 times; 3 mpl. הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Je 8:2, etc.; Impf. יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2 S 15:32 + 3 times; apoc. יִשְׁתַּ֫חוּ Is 44:17 +; 3 mpl. יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Gn 49:8 +; 2 fpl. תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֫יןָ Gn 33:6; 37:7, etc.; Imv. fs. הִשְׁתַּחֲוִי ψ 45:12; mpl. הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ 29:2 +; Inf. cstr. הִשְׁתַּחֲוֹת Gn 37:10 +; sf. הִשְׁתַּחֲוָיָ֙תִי֙ 2 K 5:18 (but 𝔊 𝔙 and mod. -חֲוֹתוֹ); Pt. מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2 K 19:37, etc.; מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶם Ez 8:16, read -וִים all mod.;— 1. bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.: a. c. ל, after descriptive cl. (especially with קדד, נפל 3 b, q.v.), 1 S 24:9; Gn 43:28 (J) 2 S 14:4, 22; Ru 2:10; 1 K 1:31; 2 K 4:37 + 6 times, + (after כָּרַע) Est 3:2(×2), 5. b. c. ל, sq. phr. (לפני) על אפים ארצה 2 S 14:33 1 K 1:23; לאפים Gn 48:12 (E) 2 S 18:28; אפים Gn 42:6 (E) + 4 times; om. אפים 33:3 (J) + 3 times; עַל כַּפּוֹת רַגְלַיִךְ Is 60:14. c. c. לְ pers. only, Gn 23:7 (P) 27:29(×2); 37:9 (E), 49:8 Ex 11:8 (J) + 8 times; c. לפני Gn 23:12 (P); c. אל Is 45:14 (‖ התפלּל); abs. Gn 33:6, 7(×2) (J), Ex 18:7 (E) 2 S 9:8; 16:4; Is 49:7. 2. before God, in worship, etc.: a. c. לְ, after descriptive phr.: קדד ארצה Ex 34:8 (J); ארצה om. Gn 24:26, 48 (J) + 4 times; כרע אפים ארצה 2 Ch 7:3; כרע 29:29; נפל ארצה Jb 1:20; נפל לפני 2 Ch 20:18. b. sq. phr.: קדד וישׁ׳ ל׳ אפים ארצה Ne 8:6; ארצה ל׳ Gn 24:52 (J); השׁ׳ ונכרעה ψ 95:6; השׁ׳ ל׳ בְּהַדְרַת קֹדֶשׁ 29:2; 96:9 = 1 Ch 16:29; אֶל־הֵיכָל (looking towards) ψ 5:8; 138:2; לַהֲדֹם רגלים 99:5; 132:7. c. c. לְ only: 1 S 1:28 (but read וַתַּנִּחֵהוּ 𝔊L and mod.), 15:25; Je 7:2 ψ 66:4 + 9 times; c. לפני Dt 26:10; Is 66:23 + 4 times; c. בְ loc. Is 27:13; c. לְ loc. ψ 99:9; abs. Gn 22:5 (E) Ju 7:15 + 5 times; acc. loc. Ex 33:10 (E) Je 26:2 Ez 46:3; לפני (ה)מזבח Is 36:7 = 2 K 18:22 = 2 Ch 32:12; c. על loc. Gn 47:31 (J) 1 K 1:47 Ez 46:2; מֵרָחֹק afar off Ex 24:1 (E). d. before angel in theoph.: after cl. c. נפל, קדד, Jos 5:14; Nu 22:31; sq. אפים ארצה Gn 19:1; ארצה 18:2 (all J). 3. before other gods: abs. Is 2:20; 44:15, 17; 46:6; acc. loc. 2 K 5:18(×3); 19:37 = Is 37:38; c. לְ, Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9 (10 words), Ex 23:24 (E), Nu 25:2 (J), Jos 23:7 (D), Dt 8:19; 11:16; 1 K 16:31 + 34 times; c. על, Lv 26:1 (H); לפני 2 Ch 25:14 (‖ קטּר).

προσκῠν-έω, future -ήσωRefs 6th c.BC+: aorist προσεκύνησα Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive -κύσαι Refs, participle -κύσας Refs: perfect -κεκύνηκαLXX+1st c.BC+:—passive, present infinitive προσκυνεῖσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist προσεκυνήθην Refs 2nd c.AD+:— make obeisance to the gods or their images, fall down and worship, with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+, of deprecating the wrath of Nemesis, Refs 5th c.BC+; of sacred places, do reverence to, πατρῷα ἕδη θεῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 especially of the Oriental fashion of prostrating oneself before kings and superiors, absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+ make obeisance to him, Refs; προσκυνεῖν διδάσκονται τὸν βασιλέα [οἱ ἐλέφαντες] Refs 4th c.BC+; προσπίπτων π. Refs 5th c.BC+; προσκυνῶ σ᾽, ἄναξ, προσπίτνων LXX+5th c.BC+; οὐδένα ἄνθρωπον δεσπότην ἀλλὰ τοὺς θεοὺς π. NT+5th c.BC+. (Orig. perhaps throw a kiss to the god,Refs 4th c.AD+ __II later, kiss, σοῦ -ήσω τὴν χεῖρα Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ πρόσωπον, τὴν ὄψιν, τοὺς πόδας, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 greet, σπουδάζουσα -ῆσαί σε (by letter) Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἔλθω πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἵνα ὑμᾶς -ήσω διὰ πολλοῦ χρόνου Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 welcome respectfully, respect, προσεκύνησά σου τὰ γράμματα Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὴν θείαν ἀντιγραφὴν ὑπὸ πάντων προσκυνουμένην Refs 3rd c.AD+

† סְגִ֑ד vb. do homage (by prostration) (𝔗 Syriac; BH (late));— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. ס׳ Dn 2:46; Impf. 3 ms. יִסְגֻּד Dn 3:6 +, 3 mpl. יִסְגְּדוּן 3:28, etc.; Pt. act. pl. סָֽגְדִין 3:7 +;—do homage לְצֶלֶם Dn 3:5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, ל of false god v 28; לְצ׳ om., v 6, 11, 15; לְדָנִיֵּאל ס׳ 2:46 (perhaps as representing God, cf. v b, yet v. Dr).

σέβομαι, mostly used in present: imperfect in Refs 5th c.BC+: future σεβήσομαι Refs 2nd c.AD+: aorist ἐσέφθην Refs 5th c.BC+:—feel awe or fear before God,feel shame, οὔ νυ σέβεσθ; Refs 8th c.BC+; σεφθεῖσα awe-stricken, Refs [same place]: rarely with infinitive, dread or fear to do a thing, σ. προσιδέσθαι.., ἀντία φάσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: so with accusative of things, to fear to do it, Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, σ. προσορῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 after Refs 8th c.BC+, with accusative person, revere, worship, Κρονίδαν Refs 5th c.BC+; πάντων ἀνάκτων κοινοβωμίανRefs 5th c.BC+; Λυκοῦργον σέβεσθαι worship him as a hero, Refs 5th c.BC+; do homage to Zeus, Refs 4th c.BC+: generally, pay honour or respect to.. , θνατοὺς ἄγαν σ. Refs; τὸ φίλον Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.b especially of Jewish proselytes, σεβομένη τὸν θεόν NT+1st c.AD+; σεβόμενοι προσήλυτοι, Ἕλληνες, NT __3 of things, τὰ βυβλία σεβόμενοι μεγάλως Refs 5th c.BC+ __II active σέβω is post-Refs 8th c.BC+, used only in present and imperfect, worship, honour, mostly of the gods, σ. Δήμητρος πανήγυριν Refs 7th c.BC+; τἀν ἍιδουRefs; rare in Prose, νομίζεται θεοὺς σέβειν Refs 5th c.BC+; but also of parents, Refs 5th c.BC+; of kings, Refs; of suppliants, Refs 5th c.BC+; σέβειν ἐν τιμῇ with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ὑβρίζειν ἐν κακοῖσιν οὐ σέβω, i.e. τὸ ὑβρίζειν, I do not respect, approve it, Refs 4th c.BC+: rarely of a god, Ποσειδῶν.. τὰς ἐμὰς ἀρὰς σέβων Refs 5th c.BC+ —σέβομαι as passive, to be reverenced, ἡ δ᾽ οἴκοι [πόλις] πλέον δίκῃ σέβοιτ᾽ ἄν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σεβόμενον reverence, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 less frequently absolutely, to worship, to be religious, τὸν σέβοντ᾽ εὐεργετεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; but in all these places an object should perhaps be supplied from the context. (σέβομαι probably originally 'I shrink from.. ', of which σοβέω is the causal; perhaps cognate with Sanskrit tyajati 'desert, let go'.)

σέβ-ασμα, ατος, τό, that for which awe is felt, an object of awe or worship, NT+1st c.BC+ __II ={σέβασις}, Refs 1st c.BC+

προσκῠν-ητής, οῦ, ὁ, worshipper, NT+3rd c.AD+

σεβ-άζομαι, Epic dialect aorist σεβάσσατο NT+8th c.BC+:—to be afraid of, with accusative, σεβάσσατο γὰρ τό γε θυμῷ Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 later, ={σέβομαι}, ξεῖνον θανόντα Refs 4th c.AD+