Well Pit Cistern

† בְּאֵר n.f. Gn 26:21 well, pit, mostly Hex, Gn 23 times Ex 1 times Nu 5 times, 37 times in all; Arabic بِئْرٌ, Aramaic בְּאֵרָא, בֵּיר, בֵּירָא, ܒܻܪܳܐ, Sab. באר DHMZMG 1875, 608, Assyrian bêru, LyonSargon 61 (connexion with above √ not clear; Lagl.c. spring of water, as coming to light, appearing; possible, although meaning in use rather well, than spring; v. however, Gn 16:14 cf. v 7; 26:19 Nu 21:17)—בּ׳ abs. Gn 21:30 +; cstr. 21:19 +; sf. בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15; Pl. abs. בְּאֵרֹת Gn 26:15; cstr. id. 26:18; cf. חֵמָר" dir="rtl" >בֶּאֱרֹת בֶּאֱרֹת חֵמָר Gn 14:10;— 1. a well, often as made by digging (חָפַר) Gn 21:25, 30 (E), 26:15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 32 (all J), also poet. Nu 21:18 (+ כרה) vid. also v 16, 17 (where the well addressed, in song, עֲלִי בְאֵר); also c. כרה in prose Gn 26:25; also with no ref. to its origin Gn 16:14 (J; ‖ עַיִן v 7) 29:2 Ex 2:15 (J) Nu 20:17 21:22 (E) 2 S 17:18, 21; בְּאֵר (ה)מַיִם Gn 21:19 (E) 24:11 (J; ‖ עַיִן vv 13, 16, 43, 45); (cf. also 21:25; 26:18 supr. & especially v 19 בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים); water taken from it by drawing (שָׁאַב) Gn 24:11, 20; flocks watered from it (הִשְׁקָה מִן־) 29:2, 3, 8, 10 (cf. especially Ex 2:16 they drew, דלה, and filled the troughs); also שְׁתֵה מַיִם … מִתּוֹךְ בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15 (‖ בּוֹר); the opening called פִּי הַבְּאֵר Gn 29:2, 3(×2) 8, 10; cf. פְּנֵי הַבּ׳ 2 S 17:19 (read prob. פּי so Sam. 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙, cf. Dr); fig. of fresh delights of woman beloved Ct 4:15 מַעְיַן גַּנִּים בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים וְנוֹזְלִים מִן־לְבָנוֹן. 2. pit (= בּוֹר); pits of bitumen Gn 14:10 (cf. supr.); בְּאֵר שַׁחַת ψ 55:24 pit of (the) grave; cf. 69:16 וְאַל־תֶּאְטַר עָלַי בְּאֵר פִּיהָ and let not (the) pit shut its mouth over me (‖ מְצוּלָה); fig. of strange woman בְּאֵר צָרָה a narrow pit, out of which rescue is difficult Pr 23:27 (‖ שׁוּחָה עֲמֻקָּה). 3. as n.pr.loc. a. c. ָה loc. בְּאֵ֫רָה a station of Isr. in desert Nu 21:16, possibly = בְּאֵר אֵילִים Is 15:8. b. same form Ju 9:21, according to Euseb. LagOnom.238, 2nd ed. 250 8 miles north of Eleutheropolis; cf. RobBR i. 452 who comp. el-Bîreh, near Beth-shemesh.

φρέ-αρ, epigram φρεῖαρ Refs 2nd c.BC+, contraction φρητός Refs 1st c.AD+, Hdn.Gr.1.409; Epic dialect dative φρέᾰτι Refs 3rd c.BC+; plural φρέᾱτα, also φρῆτα Refs 3rd c.BC+; Epic dialect plural φρείᾰτα (see. below):—an artificial well (thus distinguished from κρήνη,Refs 5th c.BC+; but φ. ἀσφάλτον naphtha-spring, LXX+8th c.BC+; the stem φρεατ - first in Refs __2 later, tank, cistern, reservoir, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; εἰς φ. καταβαίνειν καὶ κολυμβᾶν Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, pit, φ. διαφθορᾶς LXX __2.b perhaps oil-jar, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, εἰς φρέατά τε καὶ πᾶσαν ἀπορίαν ἐμπίπτων Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ περὶ τὸ φ. ὄρχησις, proverbial of persons 'on the brink of a volcano', Refs 1st c.AD+; λύκος περὶ φ. χορεύει proverbial cited in Refs 5th c.AD+; πίνειν ἐξ ἀργυροῦ φρέατος, i.e. a large wine-cup, Refs 2nd c.AD+. [Attic dialect genitive φρέᾱτος Refs 5th c.BC+ genitive frhvṇτος, cf. Armenian albiur 'well', Goth. and ORefs 5th c.BC+ brunna 'stream, burn', Latin ferveo, defrutum.)

† בְּאֵר n.f. Gn 26:21 well, pit, mostly Hex, Gn 23 times Ex 1 times Nu 5 times, 37 times in all; Arabic بِئْرٌ, Aramaic בְּאֵרָא, בֵּיר, בֵּירָא, ܒܻܪܳܐ, Sab. באר DHMZMG 1875, 608, Assyrian bêru, LyonSargon 61 (connexion with above √ not clear; Lagl.c. spring of water, as coming to light, appearing; possible, although meaning in use rather well, than spring; v. however, Gn 16:14 cf. v 7; 26:19 Nu 21:17)—בּ׳ abs. Gn 21:30 +; cstr. 21:19 +; sf. בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15; Pl. abs. בְּאֵרֹת Gn 26:15; cstr. id. 26:18; cf. חֵמָר" dir="rtl" >בֶּאֱרֹת בֶּאֱרֹת חֵמָר Gn 14:10;— 1. a well, often as made by digging (חָפַר) Gn 21:25, 30 (E), 26:15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 32 (all J), also poet. Nu 21:18 (+ כרה) vid. also v 16, 17 (where the well addressed, in song, עֲלִי בְאֵר); also c. כרה in prose Gn 26:25; also with no ref. to its origin Gn 16:14 (J; ‖ עַיִן v 7) 29:2 Ex 2:15 (J) Nu 20:17 21:22 (E) 2 S 17:18, 21; בְּאֵר (ה)מַיִם Gn 21:19 (E) 24:11 (J; ‖ עַיִן vv 13, 16, 43, 45); (cf. also 21:25; 26:18 supr. & especially v 19 בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים); water taken from it by drawing (שָׁאַב) Gn 24:11, 20; flocks watered from it (הִשְׁקָה מִן־) 29:2, 3, 8, 10 (cf. especially Ex 2:16 they drew, דלה, and filled the troughs); also שְׁתֵה מַיִם … מִתּוֹךְ בְּאֵרֶ֑ךָ Pr 5:15 (‖ בּוֹר); the opening called פִּי הַבְּאֵר Gn 29:2, 3(×2) 8, 10; cf. פְּנֵי הַבּ׳ 2 S 17:19 (read prob. פּי so Sam. 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙, cf. Dr); fig. of fresh delights of woman beloved Ct 4:15 מַעְיַן גַּנִּים בְּאֵר מַיִם חַיִּים וְנוֹזְלִים מִן־לְבָנוֹן. 2. pit (= בּוֹר); pits of bitumen Gn 14:10 (cf. supr.); בְּאֵר שַׁחַת ψ 55:24 pit of (the) grave; cf. 69:16 וְאַל־תֶּאְטַר עָלַי בְּאֵר פִּיהָ and let not (the) pit shut its mouth over me (‖ מְצוּלָה); fig. of strange woman בְּאֵר צָרָה a narrow pit, out of which rescue is difficult Pr 23:27 (‖ שׁוּחָה עֲמֻקָּה). 3. as n.pr.loc. a. c. ָה loc. בְּאֵ֫רָה a station of Isr. in desert Nu 21:16, possibly = בְּאֵר אֵילִים Is 15:8. b. same form Ju 9:21, according to Euseb. LagOnom.238, 2nd ed. 250 8 miles north of Eleutheropolis; cf. RobBR i. 452 who comp. el-Bîreh, near Beth-shemesh.

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† III. חָרוּץ n.[m.] trench, moat (Aramaic חֲרִיצָא; Assyrian ḫariṣu, ḫiriṣu, id., DlHWB)—only in רְחוֹב וְח׳ Dn 9:25, si vera l.; as above Ges Herzf Ew Zö Meinh (q.v.); Gr רְחוֹב וחיץ; רְחוֹב וָחוּץ with public places and streets.