Weep Cry Wail

† בָּכָה114 vb. weep, bewail (Arabic بَكَى, Aramaic בְּכָא, ܒܟܳܐ, Assyrian bakû ZimBP 23, 56, Ethiopic በከየ )— Qal Pf. בּ׳ Gn 43:14; Ho 12:5; וּבָֽכְתָה consec. Dt 21:13; בָּכִ֫יתִי Jb 30:25, etc.; Impf. וַיֵּבְךְ Gn 37:35 + 16 times (וַיֵּבְךְּ Gn 27:38 etc.); 3 fs. תִּבְכֶּה 1 S 1:10 + 2 times; וַתִּבְכֶּה 1 S 1:7, וַתֵּבְךְּ Gn 21:16 (where 𝔊 masc. cf. Di) + 4 times; 2 ms. תִּבְכֶּה Is 30:19; Ez 24:16; וַתִּבְכֶּה 2 K 22:19, וַתֵּבְךְּ 2 S 12:21; 2 Ch 34:27; 2 fs. תִּבְכִּי 1 S 1:8; אֶבְכֶּה Ju 11:37 + 4 times; וָאֶבְכֶּה 2 S 12:22 + 2 times; יִבְכּוּ Lv 10:6 + 3 times; יִבְכָּי֑וּן Jb 31:38; Is 33:7; 3 fpl. תִּבְכֶּינָה Jb 27:15 ψ 78:64; וַתִּב׳ Ru 1:9, 14, etc.; Imv. pl. בְּכוּ Je 22:10; Jo 1:5; בְּכֶינָה 2 S 1:24; Inf. abs. בָּכוֹ Is 30:19 + 3 times + Mi 1:10 (where read בְּעַכּוֹ, v. עכו); בָּכֹה 1 S 1:10 + 3 times; cstr. לִבְכּוֹת Gn 43:30 + 3 times; לִבְכֹּתָהּ Gn 23:2; Pt. בֹּכֶה (בּוֹכֶה) Ex 2:6 + 6 times; fs. בּוֹכִיָּה La 1:16; pl. בֹּכִים (בּו׳) Ezr 3:12 +, etc.;— 1. weep (in grief, humiliation, or joy), abs. Gn 42:24; 43:30(×2) Ex 2:6; Nu 11:4, 10; 14:1; 1 S 1:7, 8, 10; 11:5; 30:4(×2) 2 S 1:12; 3:16; 13:36; 15:30(×2); 19:1, 2; 2 K 8:11, 12; Is 30:19(×2); Je 41:6; 50:4; Ez 24:16, 23; La 1:2 Zc 7:3 Jo 1:5; 2:17 ψ 78:64; 126:6 cf. 69:11 (but on text v. Che) Jb 27:15; Ec 3:4 (opp. laugh שׂחק) Ezr 10:1 Ne 8:9 Est 8:3; once c. inanim. subj. Jb 31:38 תְּלָמֶיהָ יִב׳ its furrows weep; on Ne 1:4 יָשַׁבְתִּי וָאֶבְכֶּה cf. Assyrian attašab abakî, Flood1st ed. Dl Gu§ 77 HptBAS i. 145; of loud weeping נָשָׂא הַקּוֹל וַיִּב׳ † Gn 21:16; 27:38; 29:11; Ju 2:4; 21:2; 1 S 11:4; 24:17; 2 S 3:32; 13:36; Jb 2:12; Ru 1:9, 14, cf. בּ׳ בְּאָזְנֵי י׳ Nu 11:18, also Jb 30:31. 2. c. acc. cogn. בְּכִי Ju 21:2 2 S 13:36 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3, cf. בִּבְכִי Is 16:9, מִבְּכִי Je 48:32, & בּ׳ הַרְבֶּה בֶּכֶה Ezr 10:1; sq. קוֹל גָּדוֹל 2 S 15:23, cf. בּ׳ בקול גדול Ezr 3:12; weep bitterly מַר יִב׳ Is 33:7; also c. Inf. abs. weep intensely, grievously 1 S 1:10; Je 22:10; La 1:2, cf.; Is 30:19 & Mi 1:10 (but on text v. supr.) 3. sq. עַל weep upon, i.e. embrace and weep, עַל־צואריו Gn 45:14; 46:29 cf. 45:15; 50:1; also בּ׳ עַל־פָּנָיו 2 K 13:14; v. further Gn 33:4; 45:14 & וַיִּבְכּוּ אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ 1 S 20:41; also sq. עַל weep over, for Ju 11:37, 38; 2 S 3:34; La 1:16; sq. אֶל־ 2 S 1:24; 3:32; Ez 27:31; sq. לְ Je 22:10; 48:32; Jb 30:25; sq. מִפְּנִי because of Je 13:17 (נפשׁ); sq. temp. clause (of occasion of weeping) Gn 50:17 ψ 137:1; Ne 8:9. 4. sq. acc. bewail Gn 23:2; 37:35; 50:3; Lv 10:6; Nu 20:29; Dt 21:13; 34:8; Je 8:23, cf. Is. 16:9. 5. sq. עַל in sense of burden.annoy with weeping Nu 11:13; Ju 14:16, 17 cf. לִפְנֵי Nu 11:20. 6. בּ׳ לִפְנֵי י׳ of penitent weeping Ju 20:23 (cf. Be; v. also 21:2) Dt 1:45; 2 K 22:19; 2 Ch 34:27, cf. also Nu 25:6; joined with fasting Ju 20:26; 2 S 12:21, 22 cf. Ezr 10:1; so of weeping in anxious entreaty Ho 4:5; on pt. as n.pr. Ju 2:1, 5 v. בֹּכִים" dir="rtl" >בֹּכִים infr. Pi. Pt. fs. מְבַכָּה lament Je 31:15 sq. עַל; bewail, pl. מְבַכּוֹת sq. acc. Ez 8:14.

κλαίω, old Attic dialect κλάω (see. below) [ᾱ] never contracted; Aeolic dialect κλαΐω Refs; Epic dialect 2nd pers. singular optative κλαίοισθα Refs 8th c.BC+imperfect ἔκλᾱον, Epic dialect κλαῖον Refs 8th c.BC+, Ionic dialect κλαίεσκον Refs 8th c.BC+future κλαύσομαι, 2nd pers. singular κλαύσῃ or κλαύσει, Refs 8th c.BC+; Attic dialect also κλαιήσω NT+4th c.BC+aorist ἔκλαυσα, Epic dialect κλαῦσα Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, aorist ἐκλαυσάμην Refs 7th c.BC+:—passive, future κλαυσθήσομαι LXX+5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκλαύσθην Refs 3rd c.BC+: perfect κέκλαυμαι Refs 5th c.BC+ is recognized as Attic dialect by Refs 2nd c.AD+, and is found in codices of Refs 5th c.BC+ __I intransitive, cry, wail, lament, of any loud expression of pain or sorrow, κλαῖον δὲ λιγέως Refs 8th c.BC+; for the dead, Refs 8th c.BC+; διὰ τί οἱ κλαίοντες ὀξὺ φθέγγοντα; Refs 4th c.BC+; of infants, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of crying for joy, κλαῖον δὲ λιγέως, ἁδινώτερον ἤ τ᾽ οἰωνοί κτλ. Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.2 αὐτὸν κλαίοντα ἀφήσω Refs shall send him home crying, howling, i.e. well beaten, Refs 8th c.BC+ he shall howl, i.e. he shall suffer for it, Refs 5th c.BC+; κλαύσει μακρά you shall howl loudly, i.e. suffer severely, Refs 5th c.BC+; κλαίων to your sorrow or loss, at your peril, Refs 5th c.BC+; κλάειν ἔγωγέ σε λέγω (opposed to χαίρειν σοι λέγω) Refs 5th c.BC+; σέ δ᾽ ἐᾶν κλάειν μακρὰ τὴν κεφαλήν suffer terribly in the head, Refs __II transitive, weep for, lament, κλαῖεν ἔπειτ᾽ Ὀδυσῆα, φίλον πόσιν Refs 8th c.BC+; τι Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, to be mourned or lamented, ἀνδρὸς εὖ κεκλαυμένου Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 cry for, of infants, μάμμας καὶ τιτθάς Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III middle, bewail oneself, weep aloud, Refs 4th c.BC+perfect participle passive κεκλαυμένος bathed in tears, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 transitive, bewail to oneself, πάθη.. πόλλ᾽ ἔγωγ᾽ ἐκλαυσάμην Refs 4th c.BC+

† דִּמְעָה n.f. coll. tears (chiefly poet. and late; freq. in Je. and contemp.) (Arabic دَمْعٌ; Assyrian dimu, dimtu HptKAT2 Gloss i. ZimBP 23, 95; Aramaic דִּמְעָא, ܕܶܡܥܳܐ; NH דֶּמַע, דִּמְעָה)—abs. ד׳ ψ 80:6 + 10 times; cstr. דִּמְעַת Ec 4:1; sf. דִּמְעָתִי ψ 6:7; + 4 times; דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 + Ez 24:16 (del. 𝔊 Co); דִּמְעָתָהּ La 1:2; pl. דְּמָעוֹת ψ 80:6 La 2:11—tears ψ 6:7 Ec 4:1; La 1:2; 2:11; especially in Je. in phrase תֵּרֵד עֵינִי ד׳ etc. Je 9:17; 13:17; 14:17, cf. La 2:18; Je 8:23 וְעֵינִי מְקוֹר ד׳; אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ דִּמְעָתִי of weeping over, in behalf of one Is 16:9; as appealing to God’s compassion 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 ψ 39:13; ψ 56:9 שִׂימָה ד׳ בְּנֹאדֶ֑ךָ (cf. Che) v. also ψ 116:8; Je 31:16; Is 25:8; opp. רִנָּה ψ 126:5; of hypocritical tears Mal 2:13; fig. tears as food ψ 42:4 (דִּמְעָתִי להם); לחם ד׳ 80:6; as drink 80:6, cf. Babyl. dimtu maštîtî, tears (were) my drink (ZimBP 42; ‖ bikîtum kurmatî, weeping (was) my sustenance).—Ez 24:16 וְלֹא תָבוֹא דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ del. 𝔊 Co cf. v 23.

δάκρυ, τό, used by Poets for the sake of meter for δάκρυον in singular δάκρυ and dative plural δάκρυσι Refs 8th c.BC+:—tear, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II generally, drop, λιβάνου Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf.Latin lacruma, Gothic tagr, ORefs 5th c.BC+ tear.)

† [דָּמַע] vb. weep (NH id., Arabic دَمَعَ & دَمِعَ Aramaic דְּמַע, ܕܡܰܥ: Assyrian in deriv., v. infr.), Qal Impf. 3 fs., and Inf. abs., וְדָמֹעַ תִּדְמַע וְתֵרֵד עֵינִי דִּמְעָה Je 13:17.

δακρύω, first in Refs 4th c.BC+: future -ύσωRefs 5th c.BC+, later -ύσομαι Refs 3rd c.AD+: aorist ἐδάκρῡσα Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect δάκρῡσα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect δεδάκρῡκα Refs 4th c.AD+:—middle, δακρύεσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist δακρύσατο Refs 3rd c.AD+:—passive, present, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect δεδάκρῡμαι Refs 8th c.BC+: [υ long in all tenses, except in late Poets, as Refs __I intransitive, weep, shed tears, Refs 8th c.BC+ to lament with tears, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. βλέφαρα to flood them with tears, Refs 5th c.BC+ — passive, perfect δεδάκρυμαι to be in tears, τίπτε δεδάκρυσαι, Πατρόκλεε; Refs 8th c.BC+in tears, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of the eyes, run, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.3 of trees, exude gum, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II with accusative, weep for, τινά Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be wept for, συμφορὰ δακρύεται Refs 5th c.BC+ (probably middle in Refs 4th c.BC+