Untying and Dissolving

λύω, poetry imperative λῦθι Refs 5th c.BC+future λύσω [ῡ] Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔλῡσα Refs: perfect λέλῠκα Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:— passive, perfect λέλῠμαι Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: pluperfect ἐλελύμην [ῠ] Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: aorist ἐλύθην, Epic dialect λύθην [ῠ] Refs 5th c.BC+: future λῠθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist passive λύμην [ῠ] Refs 8th c.BC+; λύτο [ῠRefs; λύντο Refs: also 3rd.pers. singular optative perfect λελῦτο Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, future λύσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἐλυσάμην Refsperfect passive λέλῦμαι in middle sense, Refs 4th c.BC+future λύσομαι in passive sense, (δια-) Refs 5th c.BC+—Homer uses all tenses except perfect active, present and future passive [In present and imperfect ῡ always in Attic dialect, ῠ mostly in Epic dialect, though Refs 8th c.BC+ has ῡ twice, ἔλῡεν Refs 8th c.BC+; also in compounds, ἀλλῡεσκεν Refsfuture and aorist 1 ῡ always: in other tenses ῠ always, except in the forms λελῦτο, λῦτο (see. above).] (Cf. Latin luo (pay), re-luo, solvo (for se-luo), solūtus, etc.):—loosen: __I of things, unbind, unfasten, especially clothes and armour, λῦσε δέ οἱ ζωστῇρα, θώρηκα, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. παρθενίην ζώνην loose the maiden-girdle, of the husband after marriage, Refs 8th c.BC+; of the wife, λύοι χαλινὸν ὑφ᾽ ἥρωϊ παρθενίας Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently of the tackling of ships, λ. πρυμνήσια, ἱστία, λαῖφος, etc., Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. πρύμνας, νεῶν πόδα, Refs 5th c.BC+, of ships, set sail, λῦε, κυβερνήτα Refs; ἀσκὸν λ. untie a skin (used as a bag), Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. ἡνίαν slacken the rein, Refs; κλῄθρων λυθέντων when the gates have been opened, Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. γράμματα, δέλτον, open a letter, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. πέδας, δεσμά, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀρτάνας.. δέρης ἔλυσαν loosed it from my neck,Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἀπὸ στήθεσφιν ἐλύσατο κεστὸν ἱμάντα undid her belt, Refs 8th c.BC+; but λύοντο τεύχεα they undid the armour for themselves, i.e. stripped it off (others), Refs; later λυσαμένα πλοκαμῖδας unbinding her hair, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __I.b in various phrases, στόμα λ. open the mouth, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. βλεφάρων ἕδραν wake up, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ὀφρύν unfold the brow, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of living beings, __I.2.a of horses, etc., unyoke, unharness, opposed to ζεύγνυμι, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπὲξ ὀχέων, Refs 8th c.BC+ unyoke our horses, Refs 8th c.BC+; λύε μώνυχας ἵππους loosed them, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. κύνα let him loose, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.b of men, release, deliver, especially from bonds or prison, and so, generally, from difficulty or danger, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ λύσων he that shall deliver, Refs 8th c.BC+; also λ. δόμους ἁβρότατος rob the house of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς depose him from.., Refs 1st c.BC+:—middle, properly get one loosed or set free, λύσασθαί τινα δυσφροσυνάων Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, λυθῆναι τὰς πέδας Refs 1st c.BC+; λέλυται γὰρ λαὸς ἐλεύθερα βάζειν, ὡς ἐλύθη ζυγὸν ἀλκᾶς has been let loose to speak, since the yoke was loosed, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2.c of prisoners, release on receipt of ransom, admit to ransom, release, Refs 8th c.BC+; Σαρπηδόνος ἔντεα καλὰ λύσειαν would give them up, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀνὴρ ἀντ᾽ ἀνδρὸς λυθείς Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, release by payment of ransom, get a person released, redeem, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἑαυτοὺς λ. pay their own ransom, Refs; buy from a pimp, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.d λελύσθαι τῶν νόμων, = Latin legibus solvi, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __I.3 give up, [θρόνον] λῦσον ἄμμιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II resolve a whole into its parts, dissolve, break up, λ. ἀγορήν dissolve the assembly, Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, λῦτο δ᾽ ἀγών Refs 8th c.BC+; πρὶν [ἂν].. ἡ ἀγορὰ (market) λυθῇ Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 of concrete objects, σπάρτα λέλυνται, i. e. have rotted, Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. τὴν σχεδίην break it up, Refs 5th c.BC+; [τὴν γέφυραν] Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 especially of physical strength, loosen, i. e. weaken, relax, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα made his limbs slack or loose, i. e. killed him, Refs 8th c.BC+; but οἵ μοι καμάτῳ.. γούνατ᾽ ἔλυσαν made my knees weak with toil, Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, λύντο δὲ γυῖα, etc., as the effect of death, sleep, weariness, fear, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3.b λύει βλέφαρα closes her eyes in sleep, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.c metaphorically, λ. τὴν ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς πρὸς μάχην παρασκευήν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 undo, bring to naught, destroy, πολίων κάρηνα Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, put an end to, νείκεα Refs 8th c.BC+; βίον, i.e. die, Refs; αἰῶν᾽ ἔλυσε, i.e. died, Refs 5th c.BC+; μαχας Refs 5th c.BC+; forgive, ἁμαρτήματα LXX __II.4.b in Prose, λ. νόμους repeal or annul laws, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐθὲν τῶν περὶ τὴν πολιτείανRefs 4th c.BC+; ἐπεὶ ἐκεῖνοι ἔλυσαν τὰς σπονδὰς λελύσθαι μοι δοκεῖ ἡ ἐκείνων ὕβρις καὶ ἡ ἡμετέρα ὑποψία Refs 5th c.BC+; rescind a vote, ψῆφον λύει ὁ νόμος Refs 4th c.BC+; revoke a will, διαθήκην Refs 4th c.BC+ (but in passive, to be opened, of a will, Refs 2nd c.AD+; unbind a spell, Refs 4th c.AD+ —passive, λέλυται πάντα all ties are broken, all is in confusion, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.4.c as a technical term, solve a difficulty, a problem, a question, λύεται ἡ ἀπορία Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4.d refute an argument, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4.e unravel the plot of a tragedy, opposed to πλέκειν, Refs __II.4.f λ. τὴν φάσιν, of the Moon, pass out of, Refs __II.5 break a legal agreement or obligation, τὸν νόμον Refs 5th c.BC+; σίς κε τὰς ϝρήτας τάσδε λύση whoso breaks this agreement, Refs __II.6 in physical sense, dissolve, λύθεν, opposed to πάγεν, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ θερμὸν λύει, opposed to πήγνυσι, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀμμωνιακὸν ὄξει λύσας Refs 2nd c.AD+; melt, παγείσας χιόνας Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.7 of medicines, λ. τὴν κοιλίαν Refs 5th c.BC+; so of the effects of terror, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.8 resolve [musical notation] into [musical notation], in passive, Refs 1st c.AD+ __III solve, fulfil, accomplish, τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ μαντεῖα Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV atone for, make up for, τὰς πρότερον ἁμαρτίας Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, τῶν πάλαι πεπραγμένων λύσασθ᾽ αἷμα.. δίκαις Refs 4th c.BC+ __V μισθὸν λύειν pay wages in full, quit oneself of them, used only in cases of obligation, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.2 τέλη λύειν, ={λυσιτελεῖν}, pay, profit. avail, ἔνθα μὴ τέλη λύει φρονοῦντι where it boots not to be wise, Refs 5th c.BC+, construed like{λυσιτελεῖ}, absolutely, λύει δ᾽ ἄλγος Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, πῶς οὖν λύει.. ἐπιβάλλει; Refs; ἐμοί τελύειτοῖσιμέλλουσιν τέκνοις τὰ ζῶντ᾽ ὀνῆσαι it is good for me to benefit my living children by means of those to come,Refs 2nd c.BC+infinitive, λύει γὰρ ἡμᾶς οὐδέν, οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ,.. θανεῖν it is not expedient that we should die (οὐδ᾽ ἐπωφελεῖ being parenthetic), Refs 5th c.BC+; compare λυσιτελέω.

† II. [נָתַר] vb. be free, loose (? usu. placed sub I., but connexion not obvious; cf. also NH Niph. free oneself, Hiph. = BH; perhaps cp. Arabic نَتَرَ rend a garment, break string (of bow), etc.);— Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. juss. יַתֵּר Jb 6:9, sf. וַיַּתִּירֵהוּ ψ 105:20; Inf. abs. הַתֵּר Is 58:6; Pt. מַתִּיר ψ 146:7;— 1. unfasten, loosen, c. acc. rei thongs of yoke Is 58:6 (‖ פַּתֵּחַ, תְּנַתֵּ֑קוּ). 2. set free, unbind c. acc. pers., prisoners ψ 105:20 (‖ וַיְפַתְּחֵהוּ), 146:7; fig. יַתֵּר יָדוֹ Jb 6:9 that he would let loose his hand and cut me off,—וַיַּתֵּר 2 S 22:33 was poss. connected by Mass with תּוּר (v. Comm.), but read וַיִּתֵּן (as ‖ ψ 18:33).

ἐπιλύω, loose, untie, δεσμά 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus “Adon.” 42; ἐ.κύνας let slip dogs, Refs: generally, set free, release, τοὺς κακούργους τῷ πολέμῳ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Par.” 50:—middle, ἐπιλύεσθαί τινα τὸ μὴ οὐχὶ ἀγανακτεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Crito” 43c; ἐπιλύεσθαι ἐπιστολάς openthem, Refs; Ἐπιλυσαμένη, epithet of various divinities, Refs 5th c.AD+ __2. solve, explain, πάντα τοῖς μαθηταῖς NT.Mark.4.34:—passive,Refs:—middle, Refs 1st c.AD+perfect participle passive ἐπιλελυμένος lucid, of writings, Refs __3. confute an accusation, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4. middle, manumit, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __5. release, discharge a debtor, ἀπὸ τᾶν κοινᾶν ποθόδων ἐπιλυθῆμεν (infinitive passive) τοὺς ἐρρυτιασμένους “Schwyzer” 104.7 Refs 2nd c.BC+: pay, with dative person, Refs:—middle, discharge a debt, δάνειον “PGrenf.” 1.26.2 Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II. future middle in passive sense, lose strength, give in, Refs

ἐπί-λῠσις, εως, ἡ, release from, ἐ. φόβων δίδου 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 134 (Lyric poetry): absolutely, exemption from banishment, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2. solution, σοφισμάτων 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.246; explanation, NT __3. discharge, of a debt, δοῦναί τισιν ἐ. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4. spell, Refs __5. in Medicine texts, change of dressing, Refs

† [פָּרַע] vb. denom. act as leader, lead (?);—only Inf. cstr. בִּפְרֹעַ Ju 5:2, v. supr.