Swallowing and Devouring

† בָּלַע vb. swallow down, swallow up, engulf (idea of quickness, suddenness) (NH id., Arabic بَلِعَ swallow, Ethiopic በልዐ eat, Aramaic בְּלַע ܒܠܰܥ; Assyrian belû, Pi. destroy ZimBP 27)— Qal Pf. בָּלַע Jb 20:15, sf. בְּלָעַנִי Je 51:34 (Qr, cf. 𝔊 Kt -נוּ); 3 fs. בָּֽלְעָה Nu 16:30; 3 pl. sf. בְּלָעוּנוּ ψ 124:3; Impf. יִבְלָ֑ע Jb 20:18, וַיִּבְלַע Ex 7:12, sf. יִבְלָעֶנָּה Is 28:4; 3 fs. וַתִּבְלַע Nu 16:32 + 2 times; sf. תִּבְלָעֵנִי ψ 69:16, תִּבְלָעֵנוּ Nu 16:34, וַתִּבְלָעֵם Dt 11:6, תִּבְלָעֵמוֹ Ex 15:12; 3 mpl. sf. יִבְלָעֻהוּ Ho 8:7; 3 fpl. וַתִּבְלַעְנָה Gn 41:7, וַתִּבְלַעְןָ Gn 41:24, 1 pl. sf. נִבְלָעֵם Pr 1:12; Inf. לִבְלֹעַ Jon 2:1; sf. בִּלְעִי Jb 7:19;— 1. swallow down, c. acc. Jb 7:19; Is 28:4, subj. דָּג Jon 2:1; subj. שִׁבֳּלִים Gn 41:7, 24; מַטֶּה Ex 7:12. 2. swallow up, engulf, subj. אֶרֶץ Ex 15:12; Nu 16:30, 32, 34; 26:10; Dt 11:6 ψ 106:17; fig. of greed Jb 20:15 (obj. חַיִל; opp. קיא vomit); of violence, extortion Pr 1:12 (כִּשְׁאוֹל); of devastation by enemy Ho 8:7; Je 51:34 ψ 124:3; overwhelming by calamity ψ 69:19 (subj. מצולה); of full enjoyment, profit Jb 20:18 (no obj.) Niph. Pf. נִבְלַע Ho 8:8, נִבְלְעוּ Is 28:7;—swallowed up, i.e. devastated Ho 8:8; engulfed by wine (yet cf. Pi. Is 3:12) Is 28:7 (נ׳ מן־היין, ‖ שָׁגוּ בַשֵּׁכָר). Pi. Pf. בִּלַּע Is 25:8 + 3 times; וּבִלַּע consec. Is 25:7; 3 pl. בִּלֵּ֑עוּ Is 3:12; 1 pl. בִּלָּ֑עְנוּ La 2:16, sf. בִּלַּעֲנוּהוּ ψ 35:25; Impf. יְבַלַּע־ Pr 19:28, sf. 3 ms. יְבַלְּעֶנּוּ Jb 8:18; Pr 21:20; יְבַלְּעֵם ψ 21:10; 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תְּבַלְּעֶנּוּ Ec 10:12; 2 ms. תְּבַלַּע 2 S 20:19, sf. וַתְּבַלְּעֵנִי Jb 10:8; 1 s. אֲבַלַּע 2 S 20:20, אֲבַלֵּ֑עַ Is 19:3; Imv. בַּלַּע ψ 55:10; Inf. בַּלַּע Nu 4:20; Hb 1:13, בַּלֵּ֑עַ La 2:8, sf. בַּלְּעוֹ Jb 2:3; Pt. sf. מְבַלְּעָ֑יִךְ Is 49:19;— 1. swallow Nu 4:20 (כְּבַלַּע as a swallowing = for an instant); elsewhere 2. swallow up, engulf, usually c. acc., a. fig. of destruction, ruin, Is 3:12 (obj. דֶּרֶךְ); (Ba from a √ II. בלע confound, cf. Di; v. also 9:15; 19:3; 28:7 ψ 55:10; 107:27); subj. י׳ La 2:2, 5(×2), 8; Jb 2:3; 10:8 ψ 21:10 (‖ אכל), Is 19:3 (obj. עֵצָה), i.e. confuse, confound; so ψ 55:10 בַּלַּע אֲדֹנָי פַּלַּג לְשׁוֹנָם confuse, Lord, divide their speech (cf. בלל Gn 11:7, 9 & v. De Che); subj. wicked men, enemies ψ 35:25; Is 49:19 cf. La 2:16 (abs.) Hb 1:13; obj. reflex. in sense Ec 10:12; = annihilate Is 25:7, 8; b. lit. = destroy 2 S 20:19, 20 (‖ הִשְׁחִית); indef. subj. Jb 8:18 יב׳ ממקמו; c. fig. for greedily (seize, adopt) practice Pr 19:28, for extravagance, squandering Pr 21:20. Pu. Impf. יְבֻלַּע 2 S 17:16, יְבֻלָּ֑ע Jb 37:20; Pt. מְבֻלָּעִים Is 9:15;—be swallowed up, i.e. destroyed Jb 37:20; cf. פֶּן־יְבֻלַּע לַמֶּלֶךְ 2 S 17:16 (impers.) ruined Is 9:15 (yet cf. sub Pi.) Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְבַּלָּ֑עψ 107:27 (subj. חכמה) their wisdom is all gone, ‘they are at their wit’s end’ (cf. sub Pi.)

καταπίνω [ῑ], future -πίομαι Refs 6th c.BC+, later -πιοῖμαι Refs 1st c.AD+: aorist Refs 8th c.BC+ R.: perfect -πέπωκα Refs 6th c.BC+:—gulp, swallow down, both of liquids and solids Refs 8th c.BC+; λίθους Refs 5th c.BC+; of the sea, LXX+6th c.BC+:—passive, τὸ -ποθὲν ὕδωρ (i.e. by the earth) Refs 5th c.BC+; of rivers that disappear underground, Refs 4th c.BC+; of cities swallowed by an earthquake, Refs 2nd c.BC+. __2 absolutely, swallow, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, τὸν ἡμίοπον ὁ μέγας [αὐλὸς] κ. Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be absorbed, of knots in wood, Refs 4th c.BC+. __II.b κ. Εὐριπίδην drink in Euripides, i.e. imbibe his spirit, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, Refs 4th c.BC+. __II.c swallow, absorb, Refs 3rd c.BC+ (passive); but, swallow one's anger, Refs __II.2 swallow up, consume, [the robe] Refs 6th c.BC+; ὁ δικαστὴς αὐτὰ [the revenue] Refs; τὸν ναύκληρον αὐτῷ σκάφει κ. Refs 4th c.BC+; τι Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 spend, waste in tippling, [τὴν οὐσίαν] Refs 4th c.BC+

† II. [שָׁאַף] vb. crush, trample upon (‖ form of שׁוּף (q.v.), if pointing right, cf. Köi. 439; We Now read שָׁאפִים, etc., from שׁוּף, cf. Ges§72 p; perhaps orig. pulverize by rubbing, but also appar. by pounding, stamping, treading, LevyChWB שׁוּף, JastrDict. שׁוּף, שׁאף;—most make = I. שׁאף, but Vrss render as above);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. sf. שְׁאָפַ֫נִי ψ 56:2, 3 pl. שָֽׁאֲפוּ v 3; Inf. abs. שָׁאֹף Ez 36:3; Pt. sf. שֹׁאֲפִי ψ 57:4; pl. שֹׁאֲפִים Am 2:7; 8:4;—trample upon, crush (the poor, etc.), fig., c. acc. pers. Am 8:4; strangely 2:7 (We Now Marti del. עַל־עֲפַר־אֶרֶץ, which TorreyJBL xv (1896), 152 expl. as old doublet, cf. 𝔊 𝔖; AVRV pant after the dust, etc., hyperb. for extreme avarice, cf. Hi Dr; but Dr thinks 𝔙 poss. original: crush the heads of the poor upon the dust [cf. Is 3:15], in any case del. בְּ after שׁ׳ crush); שַׁמּוֹת וְשׁ׳ אֶתְכֶם מִסָּבִיב Ez 36:3; ψ 56:2; 57:4 and (acc. om.) 56:3.

† I. בֶּ֫לַע n.[m.] swallowing, devouring, thing swallowed. 1. swallowing = destruction, דִּבְרֵי־בָ֑לַע ψ 52:6 devouring words (‖ לְשׁוֹן מִרְמָה). 2. thing swallowed בִּלְעוֹ, Je 51:44 וְהֹצֵאתִי את־ב׳ מִפִּיו and I will bring forth that which he hath swallowed out of his mouth.

† [לָהַם] vb. swallow greedily (= Arabic لَهِمَ; DiLex. Ethiopic 25 comp. Ethiopic ላህም: ox, cow);—only Hithp. Pt. מִתְלַהֲמִים Pr 18:8 i.e. bits greedily swallowed, dainties, = 26:22, sim. of tale-bearer’s words.

† II. [לוּעַ, or לָעַע] vb. talk wildly (MT לָ֑עוּ, יָ֫לַע; perhaps better wd. be לָעוּ֫, יִ֫לַע (√ לעה), cf. Thes and Arabic لَغَا, لَغِىَ make mistakes in talking, BaZMG xli. 1887, 605, 614);— Qal Pf. 3 mpl. לָ֑עוּ Jb 6:3, subj. דברים (v. Di); Impf. מוֹקֵשׁ אָדָם יָ֫לַע קֹדֶשׁ Pr 20:25 it is a snare to a man that he should rashly cry, Holy! (construction unusual, and perhaps textual error, cf. Frankenberg; on form v. Ol§ 243 a Anm.; Böi. 296 Köi. 375 f. der. from לעע; Str, Hiph. from לעע).

† I. [לוּעַ, or לָעַע] vb. swallow, swallow down (Syriac ܠܰܥ, ܠܳܥ lap or lick up Ju 7:5–7);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. וְלָע֫וּ consec. Ob 16 (Ges§ 67 R. 12);—abs., fig. of nations drinking (cup of judgment).—Hi De talk wildly, vid. לוּן²" dir="rtl" >II. לוע; We Now נָעוּ reel, totter (cf. Is 24:20; 29:9).

† [לָעַט] vb. swallow (greedily) (NH id., Hiph. stuff cattle with food; Syriac ܠܘܽܥܳܛܳܐ jaw; cf. Arabic لَغَطَ speak confusedly, utter indistinct sounds);—only Hiph. Imv. ms. sf. causat. הַלְעִיטֵנִי Gn 25:30 (J) let me swallow, sq. מִן rei.