Silver and Money

כֶּ֫סֶף402 n.m. Gn 23:9 silver, money (NH id.; Ph. Zinj. כסף; Aramaic כַּסְפָּא, ܟܶܣܦܳܐ; Palm. כספא VogNo. 23; Assyrian kaspu; prob. the pale metal Thes al., cf. RSJPh. xiv, 125)—כ׳ abs. Gn 20:16 +, כָּ֑סֶף Ex 21:11 +; cstr. 43:21 +; sf. כַּסְפִּי Gn 42:28 + 3 times, כַּסְפְּךָ 1 K 20:3 + 2 times, כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ Gn 17:13 Is 30:22, כַּסְפֵּךְ Is 1:22, כַּסְפֵּנוּ Gn 31:15 + 2 times, כַּסְפָּם Ho 8:4 + 6 times; pl. sf. כַּסְפֵּיהֶם Gn 42:25, 35;—silver, †1. = silver ore, raw silver (rare and mostly late) Jb 28:1, also (in fig.) Ez 22:20, 22 Zc 13:9 Pr 2:4; 17:3; 27:21 Mal 3:3(×2) ψ 12:7; 66:10 Is 48:10; הָגוֹ סִיגים מִכּ׳ Pr 25:4 remove dross from silver, cf. כ׳ סִיגִים 26:23 and סִגִים כ׳ Ez 22:18 (MT; 𝔊 כ׳ ס׳; Co del. in view of v 20); כ׳ נִמְאָס Je 6:30 (cf. v 29), כַּסְפֵּךְ הָיָה לְסִיגִים Is 1:22. †2. silver as bright, shining, fig. of dove’s wings כַּנְפֵי יוֹנָה נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּ֑סֶף ψ 68:14. 3. silver, as wealth, Gn 13:2 (J) + often (c. 54 times in all; frequently with gold, etc., v. זהב); מְלֹא בֵיתוֹ כ׳ וזהב Nu 22:18; 24:13; fig. of a slave as valuable, כַּסְפּוֹ הוּא Ex 21:21 (all JE); silver as less valuable than gold 1 K 10:21 = 2 Ch 9:20; cf. also 1 K 10:27 = 2 Ch 1:15; 9:27; כ׳ נִבְחָר choice silver, Pr 8:19; 10:20. 4. silver as spoil of war (c. זהב, q.v.) Ju 5:19 2 S 8:11 = 1 Ch 18:11 + 11 times †5. silver as merchandise Ez 27:12 Pr 3:14 (סְחַר־כ׳), Zp 1:12; cf. also 1 K 10:22 = 2 Ch 9:21. 6. silver as costly gift (c. זהב, q.v.) 1 K 15:18, 19 = 2 Ch 16:2, 3, 2 K 16:8; 18:15 2 Ch 9:14; 17:11; 21:3 Is 60:9 Dn 11:38 (other instances under 8). 7. silver as material (c. 117 times in all; often c. זהב, q.v.), of cup Gn 44:2 cf. v 8 (J), trumpets Nu 10:2 (P), כְּלֵי־כ׳ Gn 24:53 (J) +; of idols Ex 20:23 Is 2:20 Dt 29:16 Ez 16:17 ψ 115:4; 135:15 + 4 times, cf. Dt 7:25 Je 10:4 Hb 2:19; especially of fittings of tabern. Ex 26, 27, 36, 38 (19 times), and those offered by chiefs of people Nu 7 (28 times), etc. 8. silver as measure of weight and value (c. 184 times):— †a. shekels:—כ׳ שְׁלֹשִׁים שְׁקָלִים Ex 21:32 (JE), cf. 2 S 24:24 Lv 5:15 Nu 18:16 (both P), Ne 5:15; also (diff. order) חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ׳ Lv 27:6(×2) (P), cf. Jos 7:21 (JE), 2 K 15:20, and אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל כ׳ Gn 23:15, 16, cf. Lv 27:3, 16 (all P), 1 S 9:8; once שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ׳ Je 32:9. b. more often om. שׁקל Gn 20:16; 45:22 (E), 37:28 (J), Ho 3:2 Ct 8:11 + 17 times †c. talents:—כִּכַּר (הַ)כּ׳ Ex 38:27 (P), cf. 1 K 20:39 2 K 5:22; 15:19; 18:14; 23:33 = 2 Ch 36:3, 1 Ch 19:6 2 Ch 25:6; 27:5 Est 3:9; עֶשֶׂר כִּכְּרֵי־כ׳ 2 K 5:5; כִּכְּרַיִם כ׳ 1 K 16:24 2 K 5:23; כ׳ אלף אלפים ככרים 1 Ch 22:14 cf. 29:7 Ezr 8:26. †d. minas:—כ׳ מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים Ezr 2:69 cf. Ne 7:70, 71. e. more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 times; not necess. coined) Gn 31:15 42:25, 27 (E), 43:12(×2), 15, 18 (J), Gn 23:13 Lv 27:18 Nu 3:48 (P), Ju 16:18 1 K 21:2 2 K 12:5 etc.; so ψ 68:31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Checrit. n.; מִקְנַת כ׳ one bought for money Gn 17:12, 13, 23, 27 Ex 12:44 (all P); כ׳ מִקְנָתוֹ Lv 25:51 (H) money for which he was bought; כ׳ מָלֵא full price Gn 23:9 (P) 1 Ch 21:22, 24; כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֹ Gn 43:21 i.e. our money in full; כ׳ מִמְכָּרוֹ Lv 25:50 the price of his sale; כ׳ אָשָׁם 2 K 12:17 trespass-money, כ׳ חַטָּאוֹת v 17 sin-money, כ׳ הַכִּפֻּרִים Ex 30:16 atonement-money, כ׳ הַפִּדְיוֹן Nu 3:49 redemption-money (both P); כ׳ עֶרְכְּךָ Lv 27:15, 19 i.e. estimated value, etc. 9. among vbs. and phr. with כ׳ are:—צרף try, refine, Zc 13:9 Is 48:10 Mal 3:3a ψ 12:7; 66:10; זִקַּק Mal 3:3b, (cf. הִתּוּךְ Ez 22:22, √ נתך, see v 20, 21); יפּה beautify בכ׳ Je 10:4; תָּפוּשׂ כ׳ Hb 2:19 encased with gold and silver; שָׁקַל את־הַכּ׳ לְ weigh out the silver to or for a person Je 32:9 Gn 23:16 (P) Ezr 8:25, without לְ Je 32:10, cf. Ex 22:16 (E), 1 K 20:39; שׁקל כ׳ ב׳ Is 55:2 = spend money for; לֹא יִשָּׁקֵל כ׳ מְחִירָהּ Jb 28:15; וַיִּשְׁקְלוּ אֶת־שְׂבָרִי שׁלשׁים כ׳ Zc 11:12; כ׳ בַּקָּנֶה ישׁקלו Is 46:6, of weighing material for idol; מָכַר בכ׳ sell for money Am 2:6 Gn 37:28 (J), Dt 21:14; נָתַן בכ׳ Dt 2:28b 1 K 21:6, 15 Gn 23:9 (P), 1 Ch 21:22; also, of food, הִשְׁבִּיר ב׳ Dt 2:28a; נתן כ׳ השׂדה Gn 23:13 (P) pay the price of the field; קָנָה בְכ׳ buy something for money Am 8:6 Je 32:25, 44 Is 43:24 1 Ch 21:24, cf. קָנָה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כ׳ Lv 22:11 (H); שׁבר בכ׳ Dt 2:6a Is 55:1; כרה בכ׳ Dt 2:6b; peculiar is its use with פָּדָה, redeem (q.v.) in Nu 18:16; לקח כ׳ receive money 2 K 5:26; 12:8, 9; לָוָה כ׳ Ne 5:4 borrow money; הִלְוָה Ex 22:24 (JE) lend money to (c. 2 acc.); נתן כ׳ בְּנֶשֶׁךְ give money on usury Lv 25:37 (H), ψ 15:5; cf. לֹא תַשִּׁיךְ לְאָחִיךָ נֶשֶׁךְ כ׳ Dt 23:20.

ἀργύριον [ῠ], τό, small coin, piece of money, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 collectively, money, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ῥητόν a fixed sum, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἀ. λογισθέντα calculated in our money, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. καθαρόν 'hard cash', Refs 3rd c.BC+ the money, the cash, δανείζεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀπαιτεῖνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II ={ἄργυρος}, silver, πεντηκοσίας μνέας ἀργυρίουRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἐπίσημον and ἄσημονRefs 5th c.BC+lead oxide, Refs 5th c.BC+

δηνάριον, τό, = Latin denarius (usually represented by δραχμή (which see)), Refs 2nd c.AD+; = one tetradrachm, Refs 4th c.AD+

† כְּסַף n.m. Ezr 7:17 silver (v. BH);—abs. כ׳ Ezr 7:15 +, כְּסֲ֑ף Dn 2:32; emph. כַּסְפָּא v 35 +;— 1. as material Dn 2:32, 35, 45; 5:2, 4, 23 Ezr 5:14; 6:5. 2. as money or its equivalent Ezr 7:17, v 15, 16, 18, 22.

μνᾶ, ἡ, genitive μνᾶς, nominative plural μναῖ, etc., always contracted in Attic dialect, as Refs; Ionic dialect nominative plural μνέαι Refs 6th c.BC+; accusative plural μνέας Refs 5th c.BC+; but accusative singular μνῆν Refs 3rd c.BC+; nominative plural μνέες falsa lectio for{μνέαι} in Refs 2nd c.AD+:—mina, __I as a weight, = Refs 4th c.BC+ __II as a sum of money, also = Refs 5th c.BC+ (Semitic word, cf. Hebrew māneh.)

χρῆμα, ατος, τό: (χράομαι):— need, in the phrase παρὰ χ. or παραχρῆμα (which see); a thing that one needs or uses,Refs 5th c.BC+: hence in plural, goods, property (χρήματα λέγομεν πάντα ὅσων ἡ ἀξία νομίσματι μετρεῖται Refs 8th c.BC+; of temple-treasures, heirlooms, etc., Refs 6th c.BC+; τὰ ἱρὰ χ. τῆς Ἀθηναίης Refs 5th c.BC+; πρόβατα καὶ ἄλλα χ. Refs 5th c.BC+ a man's money is his life, Refs 8th c.BC+; χρήματ᾽ ἄνηρ 'money makes the man', Refs 7th c.BC+; even of debts, διαλῦσαι τὰ χ. Refs 4th c.BC+; for how much money.. ? Answ. ἐπ᾽ οὐδενί, Refs 5th c.BC+; also in Refs 6th c.BC+, χ. δ᾽ ὃ μὲν Διόθεν καὶ σὺν δίκῃ ἀνδρὶ γένητα; in Attic dialect, οὐδενὸς ἂν χ. δεξάμενοι at no price, Refs 5th c.BC+; and in later Prose, fund, sum of money, Arch. f. Religionswiss.Refs 2nd c.BC+; τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ χ. NT+1st c.BC+merchandise, Refs 5th c.BC+; property, substance, Refs __II generally, thing, matter, affair, especially in Epic dialect and Ionic dialect, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀντὶ πάντων χ. on every account, Refs 5th c.BC+; πᾶν χ. ἐκίνεε 'left no stone unturned', Refs 5th c.BC+; τεκμαίρει χρῆμ᾽ ἕκαστον 'deeds show the man', Refs 5th c.BC+; περαίνεται τὸ χ. the issue is being decided, Refs 1st c.AD+: plural, simply, things, ὁμοῦ πάντα χ. ἦν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 χρῆμα is frequently expressed where it might be omitted, δεινὸν χ. ἐποιεῦντο Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐς ἀφανὲς χ. ἀποστέλλειν ἀποικίην to send out a colony without any certain destination, Refs; frequently in Trag., τί χρῆμ; ={τί}; what? τί χ. λεύσσ; Refs 4th c.BC+; or why? Refs 5th c.BC+; so in genitive, τοῦ χ. (i.e. ἕνεκα); Refs 5th c.BC+; τί δ᾽ ἐστὶ χρῆμ; what is the matter? Refs 5th c.BC+; μάλιστα χρημάτων most of anything, i. e. certainly, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __II.3 used in periphrases to express something strange or extraordinary of its kind, ὑὸς χ. μέγα a huge monster of a boar, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ χ. τῶν νυκτῶν ὅσον what a business the nights are! Refs 5th c.BC+; λιπαρὸν τὸ χ. τῆς πόλεως what a grand city! Refs; κλέπτον τὸ χ. τἀνδρός a thievish sort of fellow, Refs; μακάριον.. λέγεις τυράννου χ. your tyrant-creature, Refs 5th c.BC+: without a genitive, ἔλαφον, καλόν τι χ. καὶ μέγα Refs 5th c.BC+; σοφόν τοι χρῆμ᾽ ἄνθρωπος truly a clever creature is he! Refs 3rd c.BC+; κοῦφον χ. ποιητής ἐστιν καὶ πτηνὸν καὶ ἱερόν, of the poet, Refs 5th c.BC+; χ. καλόν τι such a fine thing! Refs 3rd c.BC+; also in a periphrastic use, οὐδὲν χ. τοῦ ἀγκῶνος κάμψαι δύνανται cannot bend the elbow at all, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b so, to express a great number or mass, as we say, a deal, a heap of.., πολλόν τι χ. τῶν τέκνων, χ. πολλὸν ἀρδίων, νεῶν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅσον τὸ χ. παρνόπων what a lot of locusts! Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ χ. τῶν κόπων ὅσον what a lot of them! Refs; also of persons, χ. θηλειῶν womankind, Refs 5th c.BC+ what a crowd.. ! Refs 5th c.BC+ __III (χράω (B) A) oracle, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἄργῠρος, ὁ, (ἀργός A) white metal, i.e. silver, ἐξ Ἀλύβης ὅθεν ἀργύρου ἐστὶ γενέθληRefs 8th c.BC+silver plate, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 ἄ. χυτός quicksilver, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II ={ἀργύριον}, silver-money, generally, money, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἴ τι μὴ ξὺν ἀργύρῳ ἐπράσσετ᾽ by bribery, Refs; in later Prose, coupled with χρυσός, NT+4th c.AD+ __III ={λινόζωστος ἄρρην}, Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+

† [דַּרְכְּמוֹן, אֲדַרְכּוֹן (א prosthet.)] n.[m.

ἀργύρεος [ῠ], α, ον, contraction ἀργῠροῦς, ᾶ, οῦν: of silver, of the bow of Apollo, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 silver-plated, κλῖναιRefs 5th c.BC+ __II as substantive, ἀργυροῦς, ὁ, silver coin, LXX+2nd c.BC+

δραχμ-ή, ἡ, (δράσσομαι, properly as much as one can hold in the hand,Refs 1st c.AD+ __I a weight, drachm, [κρεῶν] probably in Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2 a silver coin, drachma, worth six obols, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc. [The penultimate is long in Refs 5th c.BC+: δαρχμή is found in Refs 5th c.AD+; compare δαρκνά.]

λεπτός, ή, όν, (λέπω) rare in literal sense, peeled, husked, ῥίμφα τε λέπτ᾽ ἐγένοντο, of barley being threshed out, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 fine, small, κονίη Refs 5th c.BC+; of soil, light, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 thin, fine, delicate, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+, mostly of garments and the Refs 8th c.BC+; πέπλοι, φᾶρος, Refs 8th c.BC+; ῥινὸς βοός Refs 8th c.BC+; δέρμα Refs 4th c.BC+; τρίχες Refs; σάρξ Refs 5th c.BC+; λεπτὰ τὰ πρῴραθεν ἔχειν, of ships, to have the bows thin and weak, Refs __4 of the human figure, mostly in bad sense, thin, lean, Refs 7th c.BC+; opposed to παχύς, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐγὼ δὲ λεπτὴ κἀσθενής Refs 8th c.BC+; of animals, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, slender, taper (opposed to παχύς), δάκτυλος Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπολήγειν εἰς λεπτόν, of the fingers of a statue, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __5 of space, strait, narrow, εἰσίθμη Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπὶ λεπτὸν τετάχθαι in a thin line, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 generally, small, weak, impotent, λεπτὴ μῆτις Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. ἴχνη faint traces, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. οὖας, of a child's ear, tiny, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ λ. τῶν προβάτων small cattle, i.e. sheep and goats, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. πλοῖα small craft, Refs; ἄκραι λ. small headlands, Refs 5th c.BC+; see below 111.2. adverb -τῶς, ζῆν poorly, meanly, Refs 4th c.BC+: neuter plural as adverb, λεπτὰ λεύσσω κόραις Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 light, slight, λεπταῖς ὑπαὶ κώνωπος.. ῥιπαῖσι Refs 4th c.BC+; λ. πνοαί light breezes, Refs 5th c.BC+; λεπταῖς ἐπὶ ῥοπῇσιν on slight turns of fortune, Refs 5th c.BC+ __8 of size or quantity, λ. πυρίδια small, Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb, λ. τῖλαι 'pluck into small pieces', Refs 3rd c.BC+ __9 of liquids, thin, γάλα Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. οἶνος light wine, Refs 2nd c.AD+; also of food, λ. δίαιται Refs 5th c.BC+ adverb -τῶς, διαιτᾶσθαι, διαιτᾶνRefs 2nd c.AD+ __10 ={λεπτομερής}, consisting of fine parts, ὅσῳ -ότερον ἀὴρ ὕδατος Refs 4th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, subtle, refined, νοῦς Refs 5th c.BC+; - ότατοι λῆροι Refs 5th c.BC+; compare λεπτολόγος. adverb - τῶς, μεριμνᾶν Refs 4th c.BC+: comparative -οτέρως Refs 4th c.BC+in detail, Refs 5th c.BC+ see at {νιφετός}; compare κατάλεπτον, καταλεπτολογέω: τὰ κατὰ λεπτόν, title of poems by Aratus, Refs 1st c.BC+; also of minor poems of Virgil; τῶν κατὰ λεπτὸν πόρων ἀραίωσις, perhaps small pores, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 rarely of the voice, fine, delicate, Refs 5th c.BC+: neuter as adverb, λεπτὸν ἀμφιτιττυβίζειν Refs 5th c.BC+; of sound, λ. ὑποτρύζουσα Refs 6th c.AD+; compare λεπταλέος. __II.3 of smell, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 of persons, οἱ λ. the poor, Refs 2nd c.BC+; λεπτὴν πλέκειν, proverbial of poor people, Refs 5th c.AD+ __III substantive λεπτόν (i.e. ἔντερον), τό, the small intestine, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 (i.e. νόμισμα) a very small coin, NT, Phot. see at {ὀβολός}; compare#1.6. __III.3 (i.e. κεράμιον) jar, Refs 2nd c.AD+; compare λεπτίον, λεπτοκεραμεύς. __III.4 Astron. (i.e. ἑξηκοστόν), division of a degree, πρῶτα λεπτά, = minutes, δεύτερα λ., = seconds, Refs 1st c.BC+; λεπτά alone, = minutes, Refs 1st c.AD+

† קְשִׂיטָה n.f. unit of (unknown) value, perhaps weight: Gn 33:19 ‖ Jos 24:32 (both E), Jb 42:11.

ἀσσάριον, τό, (Latin assarius (i.e. nummus)), NT+1st c.BC+ __II a sort of valve, Refs 2nd c.BC+

ἀφῐλ-άργῠρος, ον, not loving money, NT+2nd c.BC+. adverb -ρωςRefs 2nd c.BC+

δῐδραχμ-ος, ον, priced at two drachms, Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. ὁπλῖται soldiers with pay of two drachms a day, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II weighing two drachms, ὁλκή Refs 4th c.BC+ __III δ. τόκος interest at two drachms per mina per month (24%), Refs 1st c.BC+ __IV δίδραχμον, τό, coin of two drachms, Refs 4th c.BC+: especially half-shekel, paid to the temple-treasury at Jerusalem, LXX+NT

κεφάλαι-ος [ᾰ], α, ον, (κεφαλή) of the head: metaphorically, principal, chief, ῥῆμα κ. (with a play on κεφαλίτης λίθος) Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -ότατος variant in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II mostly substantive κεφάλαιον, τό, ={κεφαλή}, head, parts about the head, especially of fish, θύννου κ. τοδί Callias Comedy texts Refs 5th c.BC+; of an infant, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 chief or main point, κ. δὴ παιδείας λέγομεν τὴν ὀρθὴν τροφήν Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in speaking or writing, sum, gist of the matter, κεφάλαια λόγων Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ κ. συγγράφων Εὐριπίδῃ drawing up the heads of the play, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν κεφαλαίῳ, or ὡς ἐν κ., εἰπεῖν to speak summarily, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν κεφαλαίοις ὑπομνῆσαι, ἀποδείξειν, περιλαβεῖν τι, Refs 5th c.BC+; τύπῳ καὶ ἐπὶ κεφαλαίου (variant -αίῳ), opposed to ἀκριβέστερον, Refs 4th c.BC+; especially in an argument, summing up, ἐν κεφαλαίοις Refs 5th c.BC+; κεφαλαίῳ δέ.., Latin denique, Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; συναγαγεῖν τὸ κ. to sum up, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 metaphorically, of persons, the head or chief, ὅ τι περ κ. τῶν κάτωθεν, of Pericles, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ κ. τῶν μαθημάτων, of philosophers, Refs 2nd c.AD+; οἳ τὸ τῆς στάσεως κ. ἦσανRefs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 Rhet., head, topic of argument, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.5 of money, capital, opposed to interest or income, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5.b sum total, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολλοῦ κ. for a large sum, NT+1st c.AD+; also σιτικὰ καὶ ἀργυρικὰ κ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.6 crown, completion of a thing, τὸ μὲν κ. τῶν ἀδικημάτων the crowning act of wrong, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.7 chapter, section, PGnom.Prooem., Refs 5th c.AD+; distinguished from τίτλος, Refs

κοδράντης, ου, ὁ, = Latin quadrans, = 1/4 of an as, NT

φῐλάργῠρ-ος, ον, fond of money, avaricious, NT+5th c.BC+; superlative -ώτατοςRefs 5th c.BC+

† [דַּרְכְּמוֹן, אֲדַרְכּוֹן (א prosthet.)] n.[m.

ἀργῠρο-κόπος, ὁ, (κόπτω) coiner, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II silversmith, NT+1st c.AD+

δᾰπᾰν-η, ἡ, cost, expenditure, Refs 8th c.BC+; δ. χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου, χρημάτων, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. κούφα the cost is little, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+: also in plural, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II money spent, ἵππων on horses, Refs.47; δαπάνην παρέχειν money for spending, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III extravagance, ἡ ἐν τῇ φύσει δ. Refs 4th c.BC+

κέρμα, ατος, τό, (κείρω) fragment, κέρματα θηρείων μελέων uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+; but mostly, __2 coin, ἐγκάψας τὸ κ. εἰς τὴν γνάθον Refs 4th c.BC+; collectively, cash, Refs 5th c.BC+ especially of copper money, opposed to silver (ἀργύριον), Refs 2nd c.AD+: frequently in plural, μικρὰ κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; διδοὺς κέρματα Test. cited in Refs 4th c.BC+

νόμ-ισμα, ατος, τό, anything sanctioned by current or established usage, custom, Ἑλληνικὸν ν. Refs 5th c.BC+; institution, οὐδὲν γὰρ ἀνθρώποισιν οἷον ἄργυρος κακὸν ν. ἔβλαστε Refs 5th c.BC+ (do not pass current with us). __II especially current coin, ν. κόψαι or κόψασθαι, coin money, Refs 5th c.BC+pieces of money, coins, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III full legal measure, τοῦ χοῶς ἢ τῶν κοτυλῶν τὸ ν. διαλυμαίνεται Refs 5th c.BC+

στᾰτήρ, ῆρος, ὁ, (ἵστημι Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. Αἰγιναῖος as a weight, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II standard coin, struck in various materials, whether gold, electrum, or silver: __II.1 gold, σ. χρυσοῖ, σ. χρυσοῦ, Refs 5th c.BC+; of various standards, e.g. σ. Δαρεικός (compare Δαρεικός) Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. Φιλίππειος, Ἀλεξάνδρειος, Refs 4th c.BC+; Πτολεμαϊκὸς σ. Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.2 electrum Refs 5th c.BC+; at Phocaea, σ. Φωκαϊται, Φωκαιῆς, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 silver, σ. Αἰγιναῖοι Refs 5th c.BC+; in Sicily called δεκάλιτρος σ., Refs 5th c.BC+; later applied to the Attic τετράδραχμον, Refs 9th c.AD+; also to the Ptolemaic τ., Refs 3rd c.BC+ “*Geometry texts” 23.55,56; also of the Jewish shekel, NT __III one who owes money, debtor, πολλοὶ σ., ἀποδοτῆρες οὐδ᾽ ἂν εἷς (οὐδαμεῖ conjecture Kaibel) Refs 5th c.BC+

φῐλαργῠρ-ία, ἡ, love of money, avarice, NT+5th c.BC+