Prophets and Prophecy

אֹ֫הֶל343 n.m. Gn 13:3 tent (cf. Assyrian âlu, supr., Arabic أَهْلٌ, fellow-dwellers, family, Sab. אהל DHMZMG 1883, 341 al., also in n.pr. Sab. & Ph. v. אהליאב)—abs. א׳ Gn 4:20 +; cstr. id. Ex 28:43 +; אֹ֫הֱלָה (ה loc.) Gn 18:6 +; sf. אָהֳלִי Jb 29:4 +; אָֽהָלְךָ ψ 61:5; אָֽהֳלֹה Gn 9:21 + 3 times (v. DrSm xxxv); pl. אֹהָלִים Gn 13:5 + (Ges§ 23.3); בָֽאֳהָלִים Ju 8:11 +; cstr. אָהֳלֵי Nu 16:26 +; sf. אֹהָלַי Je 4:20; אֹהָלֶיךָ Nu 24:5 +; אָהֳלֵיכֶם Jos 22:8 +, etc.— 1. tent of nomad Ct 1:5 Je 6:3; 49:29; ישֵׁב א׳ dweller in tents Gn 4:20; 25:27 (J); אָהֳלֵי מִקְנֶה tents of cattle 2 Ch 14:14; of soldier 1 Sa 17:54 cf. Dr, Je 37:10; 1 K 12:16 ישׂראל לְאֹהָלֶיךָ, exclam., to thy tents, Israel!, cf. 1 K 8:66 2 Ch 10:16 2 S 20:1 (but cf. Dr, 1 S 17:54); of pleasure-tent on house-top 2 S 16:22 (= bridal-tent, bridal pavilion, cf. חֻפָּה ψ 19:5 Jo 2:16 v. RSKinship 168). 2. dwelling, habitation; ψ 91:10 בְּאֹהֳלֶ֑ךָ home (lit. in thy tent), pl. לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ Ju 19:9; בֵּיתִי א׳ habitation of my house ψ 132:3 cf. Dn 11:45; א׳ דוד habitat. or palace of David where throne erected Is 16:5; א׳ בַת צִיּוֹן h. of daughter of Zion (= Jerusalem) La 2:4; אָהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Je 30:18 Mal 2:12 (‖ מִשְׁכָּן); א׳ יְהוּדָה Zc 12:7 (‖ בית דוד); א׳ רְשָׁעִים h. of wicked Jb 8:22, cf. רֶ֫שַׁע" dir="rtl" >א׳ רֶשַׁע ψ 84:11, א׳ יְשָׁרִים Pr 14:11; א׳ שֹׁחַד Jb 15:34; א׳ צַדִּיקִים ψ 118:15; א׳ אֱדוֹם = Edom itself, ψ 83:7 cf. א׳ קְדָר ψ 120:5 א׳ כוּשָׁן Hb 3:7; cf. Is 54:2 ψ 69:26. 3. the sacred tent in worship of God; הָאֹהֶל the tent; א׳ מוֹעֵד tent of meeting of God with his people (tent of congregation or assembly Ges MV al.) According to E Moses so called the tent which he used to pitch without the camp, afar off, into which he used to enter, & where God spake with him face to face, Ex 33:7–11 Nu 12:5, 10 Dt 31:14, 15; J seems to have same conception of an א׳ מ׳ outside the camp, Nu 11:24, 26; D has no allusion to such a tent; P mentions it 131 times as א׳ מ׳; 19 times as הָאֹהֶל (cf. Ez 41:1) & א׳ הָעֵדוּת, tent of the testimony Nu 9:15; 17:22, 23; 18:2 (as containing ark & tables of the testimony) cf. 2 Ch 24:6; this tent sometimes confounded with the מִשְׁכָּן but distinguished in מִשְׁכַּן א׳מ׳ Ex 39:32; 40:2, 6, 29, cf. 1 Ch 6:17; הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְהָאֹהֶל Nu 3:25; אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת־אָהֳלוֹ Ex 35:11; tent was of three layers of skins, goatskins, ramskins, & tachash skins, each layer of eleven pieces stretched in form of a tent, covring & protecting the מִשְׁכָּן, wh. was in form of parallelopip. (Ex 26). An אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד was at Shilo 1 S 2:22 (om. 𝔊; v. Dr) cf. ψ 78:60, called א׳ יוֹסֵף v 67. The Mosaic א׳ מ׳ was later at Gibeon 2 Ch 1:3, 6, 13; courses of ministry arranged for service at א׳ מ׳ 1 Ch 6:17; 23:32 cf. 1 Ch 9:19 (הָא׳), v 21, 23 (בֵּית הָא׳); David erected an אֹהֶל for ark on Mt. Zion 2 S 6:17 1 Ch 15:1; 16:1; 2 Ch 1:4; Joab fled for refuge to א׳ יהוה 1 K 2:28–30; sacred oil brought from הָא׳ 1 K 1:39; the א׳ מוֹעֵד was taken up into temple 1 K 8:4 = 2 Ch 5:5; י׳ had not previously dwelt in a בַּיִת, but had gone מֵאֹהֶל אֶל־אֹהֶל from tent to tent, from one to another, 1 Ch 17:5, cf. 2 S 7:6; א׳ יהוה (‖ בַּיִת & הַר קֹדֶשׁ) is refuge & dwelling-place of righteous, ψ 15:1; 27:5, 6; 61:5 (cf. ψ 90:1).

† חֹזֶה n.m. seer;—abs. ח׳ Am 7:12 + 7 times; cstr. חֹזֵה 1 Ch 21:9 + 3 times; חוֹזֵה 2 Ch 35:15; pl. חֹזִים Is 29:10 + 4 times; חוֹזִים 2 Ch 33:19 (so read with 𝔊; חוֹזָ֑י MT scribal error)— 1. seer: a. of unnamed persons, syn. נבא(ים) 2 K 17:13 Is 29:10; רֹאִים Is 30:10; קֹסְמִים Mi 3:7; historical writers דִּבְרֵי הַחֹזִים 2 Ch 33:18, דברי חוזים (𝔊) 2 Ch 33:19 (MT appar. n.pr.) b. named prophets; Gad 2 S 24:11 = 1 Ch 21:9, 1 Ch 29:29 2 Ch 29:25; Amos Am 7:12; Iddo 2 Ch 9:29; 12:15; Jehu 2 Ch 19:2. c. the singers: Heman 1 Ch 25:5; Asaph 2 Ch 29:30; Jeduthun 2 Ch 35:15. Note. It seems best to add 2. vision (cf. רֹאֶה Is 28:7) עִם שְׁאוֹל עָשִׂינוּ חֹזֶה Is 28:15 with Sheʾôl we made a vision (had a vision, in connexion with Sheʾôl—i.e. by necromancy, v. Du—which makes us secure; ‖ כרת ברית אֶת־מָוֶת); Ew§ 156 e trans. oracle here and 2 K 17:13; HoffmZAW iii. 95 puts this under 1: ‘we have appointed a prophet with Sheʾôl (SS “Ein bei der Scheol bestellter Seher”), who is answerable to us for it;’ 𝔊 𝔙 𝔗 AV RV Che Di al., are at (or have made an) agreement (prophetic advice of seers being taken at time of making treaties; v. חָזוּת 1)—Vid. also כָּל־חֹזֶה" dir="rtl" >כָּל־חֹזֶה n.pr.m. sub כל.

προφητ-εία, ἡ, gift of interpreting the will of the gods, gift of prophecy, διδασκαλίαν ὡς π. ἐκχεῶ LXX; ἡ δὲ προφητείη δίης φρενός ἐστιν ἀπορρώξ Oracle texts cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 concrete, prophecy or oracular response, LXX+3rd c.AD+ __II office of προφήτης Refs 2nd c.BC+ __III in NT, gift of expounding scripture, or of speaking and preaching, under the influence of the Holy Spirit (compare προφήτης), NT

† [נְבִיא] n.m. prophet (Hebraism? also 𝔗 Syriac; v. BH);—emph. נְבִיאָה Kt, נְבִיָּא Ezr 5:1; 6:14; pl. emph. נְבִיאַיָּא 5:1, 2.*

† קֹהֶ֫לֶת (†קוֹהֶ֫לֶת Ec 12:8) n.m. Ec 1:2 collector (of sentences), or (AV RV) preacher (concionator Jer.: ἐκκλησιαστής 𝔊 (member of an ἐκκλησία); fem. either of office, Ges§ 122 r De Now Che, cf. סֹפֶרֶת Ezr 2:55; خَلِيفَةٌ, Khalif; Germ. Majestät, Excellenz; or as in Arabic with intensive force, one realizing the idea in its completeness (cf. جَمَّاعَةٌ great collector, بَاقِرَةٌ deep investigator (formed like קֹהֶלֶת), WAG i. § 233 R. c. v. DrIntr. 466; RVm great orator): hence either convener, or great collector (of sentences), cf. בַּעֲלֵי אֲסֻפּוֹת Ec 12:11, בקּשׁ ק׳ למצא דברי חפץ v 10 (but Kö Einl. 428 Drl.c. al. speaker in assembly, Plumptre debater));—ק׳ a king in Jerus., son of David, prob. = Sol., the pseudonym of book of Ec.: Ec 1:1, v 2 (appos. of אֲנִי), called חכם 12:9, cf. v 10; אמר ק׳ 1:2, אמר הק׳ 12:8 + 7:27 for MT אמרה ק׳.

† I. רֹאֶה n.[m.] seer, c. art. הָר׳ (except 2 S 15:27);—old name for נָבִיא 1 S 9:9b, used of Sam. v 9a, 11, 18, 19 and (as archaism) 1 Ch 9:22; 26:28; 29:29; of חֲנָנִי 2 Ch 16:7, 10; הֲרוֹאִה appar. of Zadok 2 S 15:27, but crpt. (conj. in We Dr); pl. (c. prep.) לָרֹאִים Is 30:10 the seers, as a class.

† [צָנַף] vb. warp, or wind up, together (cf. Arabic صَنِفَةٌ hem of garment, 𝔗J צְנָפָא skirt (= כָּנָף); מַצְנֵפָא, ܡܰܨܢܰܦܬܳܐ turban, ChrPal. ܨܢܦܬܐ tassel);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִצְנֹף Lv 16:4 he shall wind (his head) with (ב) the turban (מִצְנֶפֶת q.v.); sf., + Inf. abs. and acc. cogn. צָנוֹף יִצְנָפְךָ צְנֵפָה Is 22:18 he will wind thee entirely up (with) a winding (under fig. of ball, to be driven far off, in exile).—צנוף Is 62:3 v. following.

† [שׁוּר] n.m. wall (cf. BH ii. שׁוּר id.; Egyptian Aramaic שור RÉS361 A 5, B 1);—pl. emph. שׁוּרַיָּה Ezr 4:16, א—ָ v 13; v 12 read שׁוּרַיָּא שׁ׳ Qr, for שׁורי אשׁ׳ Kt.

† נְבוּאָה n.f. prophecy (late: earlier syn. חָזוֹן);— 1. a. specific and genuine 2 Ch 15:8. b. false Ne 6:12. 2. prophetic writing עַל־נְבוּאַת אֲחִיָּה 2 Ch 9:29.

προφητ-ικός, ή, όν, oracular, prophetic, ἀνήρ Refs 1st c.AD+; λόγοςNT+1st c.AD+ __2 εἰκὼν χαλκῆ π. in the official robes of a προφήτης, Refs; so ἠμφιεσμένος π. σχήματι, στολίσας σεαυτὸν π. σχήματι, Refs

προφῆτις, ιδος, feminine of προφήτης, especially of the Pythia, LXX+5th c.BC+: metaphorically, π. τῆς ἀληθείας Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 prophet's wife, LXX

[אַחֲוָיָה] v. [חוה].

† אֵל demonstr.pron.pl. these (v. אֵלֶּה infr.), Ezr 5:15 Qr (Kt אֵלֶּה).

† אַרְכְּוָיֵ֯ n.pr.gent. people of Erech (BH אֶרֶךְ; so also MeyE. Jud. 40);—pl. emph. Ezr 4:9 (Qr אַרְכְּוָיֵא; cf.K§ 61, 6).

† [דִּין] vb. judge (BH);— Pe. Pt. pl. דָּאֲנִין Ezr 7:25 Kt (Qr דָּֽיְנִין), sq. ל pers.

† חַטָּיָא n.f. sin-offering (BH חַטָּאת 4; Nab. חטיאת penalty, according to SAC 51);—abs. ח׳ Ezr 6:17 Kt, Qr חַטָּאָה.

† (ו)יעשׂו Kt, (וְ)יַעֲשָׂ֑י Qr, n.pr.m. one with foreign wife Ezr 10:37, 𝔊 καὶ ἐποίησαν.

† כלוהי Kt, כְּלוּהוּ Qr n.pr.m. (? √ I. כלה)—one of those who had strange wives Ezr 10:35, 𝔊 Χελκεια, A Χελια, 𝔊L Χελιασουβ.

† [כְּנָת] n. [of men, but f. in form, Ges§ 122, 4. b] associate, colleague (loan-wd. from Biblical Aramaic כְּנָת; Syriac ܟܢܳܬ, cf. also SchwallyIdiot. 46; on format. v. LagBN 82);—only Aramaic pl. שְׁאָר כְּנָוֹתָ‌֯ו Ezr 4:7 the rest of his associates.

† כַּשְׂדָּ֑י n. pr. gent. Chaldean (v. BH כַּשְׂדִּים);—abs. כ׳ Dn 2:10; emph. כשדיא Dn 5:30 Kt (Qr כַּשְׂדָּאָה), כסדיא Ezr 5:12 Kt (Qr כַּסְדָּאָה); pl. abs. כַּשְׂדָּאִין 3:8; 5:11, emph. כשדיא Kt, כַּשְׂדָּאֵי Qr, Dn 2:5, 10; 4:4; 5:7;— 1. Chaldean by race Dn 3:8; 5:30; Ezr 5:12. 2. as learned, of the class of Magi (BH כ׳ 1 c), Dn 2:5, 10(×2); 4:4; 5:7, 11.

† נפיסים n.pr. Kt, in phr. בְּנֵי נ׳ Ezr 2:50, Qr נְפוּסִים, of family of returned exiles; 𝔊 Ναφεισων, A Νεφουσειμ, 𝔊L Νεφωσειμ; = נפושׁסים Ne 7:52; Kt, Qr נְפִישְׁסִים, 𝔊 Νεφωσασει, etc., 𝔊L Νεφουσειμ;—Kt Ezr and Qr Ne, respectively, are prob. to be preferred (cf. נָפִישׁ sub נפשׁ), but Ne has mixture of two variants, נפיסים, נפישׁים.

‡ † שרשו Kt (i.e. שֹׁרְשׁוּ K§ 61, 4, 5), Qr שְׁרשִׁי n.f. uprooting, fig. banishment;—abs. Ezr 7:26.

† [בִּאישׁ K § 11, 3 b)] adj. bad (so Egyptian Aramaic Cooke 75. 2; 𝔗 בִּישׁ, Syriac ܒܺܝܫ );—fs. emph. וּבִאישְׁתָּא Ezr 4:12 rebellious and bad city (not בִּאוּשְׁתָּא, v. Baern.).

† [בָּלַהּ] vb. be troubled (Aramaic ܒܰܠܗܺܝ cf. Arabic بَلِهَ be weak in intellect; v. also בהל)—only Pi. . Pt. מְבַלֲהִים אותם לִבְנוֹת Kt (Qr מְבַהֲלִים needless) Ezr 4:4 troubled them in building.

† זבוד n.pr.m. a returned exile Ezr 8:14 Kt; Qr זַכּוּר, q.v. (B om.; A Ζαβουδ, i.e. זָבוּד; 𝔊L Ζακχουρ).

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† [פָּרָק] n.[m.] fragment;—cstr. פְּרַק פִּגֻּלִים Is 65:4 Kt, but read מְרַק, v. מָרָק.

† שַׂלְמַי n.pr.m. head of post-ex. family;—שׁ׳ Ezr 2:46 Qr (Kt. שׂמלי [cf. NH n.pr. שִׂמְלַי Dalman, Liḥy. שמל DHMEpigr. Denkm. Ar. No. 13]; so Baer; van d. H. Gi Qr שַׁלְמַי; Σαμααν, A𝔊L Σελαμ(ε)ι) = שַׂלְמָ֑י Ne 7:48 (Σελαμει; א Σαμαει).