Male Person Animal

אִישׁ2166 n.m. man (= vir) (MI, SI, Ph. אש, perh. also Sab. אסם cf. Prät l.c., but DHMZMG 1883, 330)—א׳ abs. Gn 2:23 +; cstr. Gn 25:27 +; sf. אִישִׁי Gn 29:32 +, etc.; pl. אִישִׁים ψ 141:4 + 2 textual (Ph. אשם); usually אֲנָשִׁים Gn 12:20 +, fr. √ אנשׁ q.v.; cstr. אַנְשֵׁי Ju 6:27 +; sf. אֲנָשַׁי 1 S 23:12 etc.;—man, opp. woman Gn 2:23, 24 Lv 20:27 Nu 5:6 Dt 17:2f Jos 6:21; 8:25 Je 40:7, emph. on sexual distinction & relation Gn 19:8; 24:16; 38:25 Ex 22:15 Lv 15:16 (שִׁכְבַת זָ֑רַע) v 18 (וְאִשָּׁה אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אִישׁ אֹתָהּ שׁ׳־ז׳) 20:10f Nu 5:13f Dt 22:22f Is 4:1 +; thence = husband, especially c. sf. Gn 3:6, 16; 16:3; 29:32, 34 Lv 21:7 Nu 30:7f Dt 28:56 Ju 13:6f Ru 1:3f 1 S 25:19 Je 29:6 Ez 16:45 +; fig. of י׳ as husb. of Isr. אִישִׁי Ho 2:18 (opp. בַּעְלִי); man as procreator, father Ec 6:3; of male child Gn 4:1 cf. זֶרַע אֲנָשִׁים 1 S 1:11, man, opp. beast Ex 11:7 Lv 20:15 (cf. אָדָם); cf. fig. ψ 22:7 but also of male of animals Gn 7:2(×2) (אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ); man, opp. God Gn 32:29 Nu 23:19 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב (‖ וּבֶן־אָדָם וְיִתְנֶחָ֑ם); Jb 9:32; 32:13 Ho 11:9 cf. Is 31:8 Jb 12:10 (רוּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִישׁ); hence in phrases to denote ordinary, customary, common שֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים 2 S 7:14 (‖ נִגְעֵי בְּנֵי אָדָם); לֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים Ez 24:17, 22 (cf. Is 8:1); אֲנָשִׁים Ez 24:17, 22 is textual error; We (ap. Sm) אֲנֻשִׁים; ToyHpt אוֹנִים (Ho 9:4). אַמַּת־אִישׁ Dt 3:11; but also contr. אָדָם ψ 49:3; 62:10; man, as valiant 1 S 4:9(×2) (וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים) so 1 K 2:2 cf. 1 S 26:15; so אִישׁ חַיִל 31:12 2 S 24:9 1 K 1:42 +; also אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה Nu 31:49 Dt 2:14, 16 Jos 5:4, 6 +; even of י׳ Ex 15:3 יהוה אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה; oft. prefixed to other nouns in app. הא׳ אָדוֹן Gn 42:30, 33, א׳ שַׂר וְשֹׁפֵט Ex 2:14, א׳ כֹּהֵן Lv 21:9, א׳ סָרִיס Je 38:7; partic. bef. adj. gent. אִישׁ מִצְרִי Gn 39:1 Ex 2:11, 19 cf. Gn 37:28; 38:1, 2; 39:14 1 S 17:12; 30:11, 13 +; a man as resident in, or belonging to a place or people Nu 25:6 Ju 10:1 + (so Ph.); usually pl. אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל 1 S 7:11; 31:7(×2) cf. Jos 7:4, 5 +; also sg. coll. Dt 27:14 Jos 9:6, 7 Ju 20:11 1 S 11:8 (v. Dr) +; 2 S 10:6, 8 (א׳ טוֹב); (so MI 10. 13); men = retainers, followers, soldiers 1 S 18:27; 23:3f; 24:3; 25:13 + cf. Dt 33:8 sg. coll. v. Di; אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים man of God = proph. Dt 33:1 Jos 14:6 1 S 9:6f 1 K 12:22; 13:1f + (v. אלהים); in phrase sq. abstr. v. supr.; א׳ רִיב Ju 12:2 Je 15:10, א׳ שֵׂיבָה Dt 32:25, א׳ הַדָּמִים 2 S 16:7 cf. v. 8, א׳ הַבְּלִיַּעַל 2 S 16:7, א׳ מָוֶת 1 K 2:26, א׳ חָמָס ψ 140:12 Pr 3:31 +; sq. word of occupation, etc. א׳ שָׂדֶה Gn 25:27, א׳ הָאֲדָמָה Gn 9:20 (cf. Zc 13:5), א׳ הַבֵּנַיִם champion 1 S 17:4 (cf. Dr) v 23, א׳ בְּשֹׂרָה 2 S 18:20, אִישׁ עֲצָתוֹ his counsellor Is 40:13, cf. אִישׁ חֶרְמִי 1 K 20:42, א׳ רֵעִים Pr 18:24; oft. distrib. = each, every Gn 9:5; 10:5; 40:5(×2) Ex 12:3 +; incl. women Jb 42:11 1 Ch 16:3 וַיְחַלֵּק לְכָל־אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה לְאִישׁ כִּכַּר־לֶחֶם; of inanim. things 1 K 7:30, 36; also אִישׁ אִישׁ Ex 36:4 Nu 4:19, 49 Ez 14:4, 7 +; any one Ex 34:3(×2), 24 +; also אִישׁ אִישׁ Lv 15:2; 22:4, 18 +; of gods 2 K 18:33 = Is 36:18; one … another וְהִרְגוּ אִישׁ־אֶת־אָחִיו וְאִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ וְאִישׁ אֶת־קְרֹבוֹ Ex 32:27, אִישׁ … אָחִיו Dt 1:16 Mi 7:2 (v. אָח), אִישׁ … רֵעֵהוּ Gn 11:3, 7 + (v. רֵעַ) of inanimate things Gn 15:10.

† זָכָר n.m. & adj. male (Assyrian zikaru, zikru, COTGloss Lyon Manual, Gloss; Arabic ذَكَرٌ; Aramaic דִּכְרָא, ܕܶܟܪܳܐ; Sab. דֿ[כ]רם DHMZMG 1876, 675; relation to above √ obscure; male as mentioned, talked of, Lane969 f.; from assumed orig. sense be sharp (traces of this in Arabic: v. Lane), BöProb 207 Fl in ChWB i, 422, cf. Arabic ذَكَرٌ male organ; SchwallyZAW 1891, 176 ff. from זָכַר = call upon in worship; hence male as competent to worship. (Against Schwally’s view see JPeritzWoman in the Ancient Hebrew Cult, JBL xvii (1898), 111 ff.).) —always abs. ז׳ Gn 1:27 +; pl. (ה)זְכָרִים Ex 13:12 +; vid. also [זָכוּר" dir="rtl" >זָכוּר]:— I. subst. male, offspring of men and animals Ex 13:12, 15 (pl., both JE); opp. נְקֵבָה Dt 4:16; specif. 1. of men: a. in phr. אשׁר לא יָֽדְעָה אישׁ לְמִשְׁכַב זָכָר Ju 21:12 (BuRS 153 DrIntr. 151), cf. v 11, Nu 31:17, 18, 35 (all 3 P); צַלְמֵי זָכָר Ez 16:17. b. alone = man Je 30:6 (רְאוּ אִם־יֹלֵד זָכָ֑ר, ‖ גֶּבֶר); usually coll., men, male persons (of all ages) Ju 21:11 1 K 11:15, 16, Gn 34:25 Lv 6:11, 22; 7:6 Nu 1:2, 20, 22; 3:28, 34, 39; 18:10; 26:62; 31:7, 17 (all P); pl. (ה)זכרים 2 Ch 31:16 Ezr 8:3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, so also Jos 5:4 (‖ כל־העם, and כל־אנשׁי המלחמה), 17:2 (gloss? cf. DrIntr. 104); especially of individ., in connex. with circumcision Gn 17:10, 12, 14, 23; 34:15, 22, 24 Ex 12:48 (all P); of male child Lv 12:2 (P) Is 66:7; opp. נְקֵבָה Gn 1:27; 5:2 Lv 12:7 (child) 15:33; 27:3, 5, 6, 7 Nu 5:3 (all P; cf. Sab. אנתֿים פאו דֿ(כ)רם DHMl.c.); opp. אִשָּׁה in command ag. sodomy Lv 18:22; 20:13 (both H). 2. of animals, especially for sacrifice Ex 34:19 (JE; read הַזָּכָר for MT תִּזָּכָר); Ex 12:5 Lv 1:3, 10; 4:23 (all P) 22:19 (H), Mal 1:14; opp. נְקֵבָה Gn 6:19; 7:3, 9, 16 Lv 3:1, 6 (all P) II. adj. sg. male (only human beings) יֻלַּד־לְךָ בֵּן ז׳ Je 20:15; כָּל־בְּכֹר ז׳ Nu 3:40, 43 (both P).

ἄρσην, ὁ, ἡ, ἄρσεν, τό, genitive ἄρσενος, Epic dialect, Ionic dialect, and Trag.: Attic dialect ἄρρην Refs 5th c.BC+: Aeolic dialect, Cretan dialect, Epid., and Refs 5th c.BC+ ἔρσην, which see; ἀρσ- prevails in LXX and NT, ἀρρ- is more common in Papyrus (exc. Papyrus Mag.): nominative ἄρσης Refs 2nd c.AD+:—male, μήτε τις οὖν θήλεια θεὸς.. μήτε τις ἄρσηνRefs 8th c.BC+; γονήRefs 5th c.BC+ the male, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἄρσενες the male sex, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 masculine, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, mighty, κτύπος ἄρσην πόντουRefs 5th c.BC+; of plants, robust, coarse, opposed to θῆλυς (tender, delicate), Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of gender of nouns, masculine, ὀνόματαRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 of sex in plants, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρρενος τοῖς θήλεσι βοήθειαRefs 4th c.BC+:—but also, coarse, tough, γογγυλίς Refsἀρρέντερος (compare θηλύτερος), κὰ τὠρρέντερον γένος in the male line, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 adverb ἀρρένωςRefs 4th c.BC+; cf. Sanskrit ṛ[snull]abhás 'bull', Avest. aršan- 'man'.)

† [זָכוּר] n.m. male, i.q. זָכָר, but only c. sf.;—coll. כָּל־זְכוּרְךָ Ex 23:17 = 34:23 (both JE), = Dt 16:16, of attendance at feasts; כָּל־זְכוּרָהּ (of city refusing terms of peace) Dt 20:13 commanded to be slain (opp. הַנָּשִׁים, הַטַּף, etc., v 14).