Lighten Treat Lightly

[קָלַל82] vb. be slight, swift, trifling (prob. orig. be light; NH [קָלַל], קַל, קִלֵּל = BH; Assyrian ḳalálu ii. despise, dishonour; so Tel Am (appar. Canaanism); Arabic قَلَ�� be small, scanty; Sab. קללם scanty Hal 143, 8 f. (cf. FellZMG liv (1900), 246); Ethiopic ቀለለ: be light, small, easy; ii. despise; 𝔗 קְלַל, Syriac ܩܰܠ, = BH; also (v. Pilp., etc.) Arabic قَلْقَلَ shake, ቈልቈለ: vibrate, whirl (of sword), ቀልቀለ: v. be shaken;—SchwallyZAW xi (1891), 170 ff. thinks shake original, v. מַקֵּל);— †Qal Pf. 2 ms. קַלּוֹתָ Na 1:14; 1 s. קַלֹּתִי Jb 40:4; 3 pl. קַלּוּ Gn 8:11 +; Impf. 3 fs. וַתֵּקַל 16:4; 1 s. וָאֵקֵל v 5; 3 mpl. יֵקָֽ֑לּוּ 1 S 2:30;— 1. be slight, of water, be abated, from off (מֵעַל) earth Gn 8:3, 11 (J). 2. be swift, c. מִן comp., of warriors 2 S 1:23, horses Je 4:13; Hb 1:8; one’s days Jb 7:6; 9:25. 3. trifling, i.e. of little account, of pers. Gn 16:4, 5 (J; both c. בְּעֵינֶיהָ); 1 S 2:30; Na 1:4; Jb 40:4. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נָקֵל (Ges§ 67 times) 2 K 20:10 +, וְנָקַל consec. 2 K 3:18; נָקָ֑ל Pr 14:6; 1 s. consec. וּנְקַלֹּתִי 2 S 6:22; Impf. 3 mpl. יִקַּ֫לּוּ Is 30:16; Pt. f. (עַל־)נְקַלָּה Je 6:14 + 2 times;— 1. shew oneself swift Is 30:16 (‖ עַל־קַל נִרְכָּ֑ב). 2. appear trifling, 1 S 18:23 (בְּעֵינֵיכֶם; Inf. subj., cf. Dr), c. מִן comp. be too trifling Is 49:6, especially of sin 1 K 16:31 (Inf. subj.), and (c. מִן comp.) Ez 8:17; easy 2 K 3:18 (בְּעֵנַי), 20:10 (c. Inf.), Pr 14:6; Pt. (as subst.) c. עַל in adv. phr. עַל־נְקַלָּה lightly i.e. superficially, Je 6:14; 8:11. 3. be lightly esteemed 2 S 6:22 (‖ שָׁפָל; opp. אִכָּכֵ֑דָה). Pi.40 Pf. 3 ms. קִלֵּל 2 S 19:22 +, etc.; Impf. יְקַלֵּל Lv 20:9 +, etc.; Imv. ms. קַלֵּל 2 S 16:10; Inf. cstr. קַלֵּל Gn 8:21 Jos 24:9, etc.; Pt. מְקַלֵּל Ex 21:17 +; sf. כֻּלֹּה מקללוני Je 15:10, read מְקַלְלַוְנִי! (Baer); err. for כֻּלְּהֶם קִלְלוּנִי JDMich Gf Gie Du al., etc.;—curse (prop. make contemptible): 1. c. acc. pers. homin. Ex 21:17 (E), Gn 12:3 (J), Lv 19:14 (H), Ju 9:27; 2 S 16:9 + 16 times; קִלְלַנִי קְלָלָה 1 K 2:8; obj. om. 2 S 16:5, 7, 10, 11, 13 ψ 62:5; 109:28 (opp. בֵּרַךְ); acc. pers. + ב of oath 1 S 17:43; 2 K 2:24; c. ב of oath alone Is 8:21. 2. c. acc. dei Ex 22:27 (E), Lv 24:15 (H), 1 S 3:13 (reading אֱלֹהִים for לָהֶם, 𝔊 Comm.), + (obj. om.) Lv 24:11, 14, 23. 3. c. acc. rei Gn 8:21 (י׳ subj.), Jb 3:1. †Pu. Impf. 3 ms. יְקֻלָּ֑ל Is 65:20 be cursed by death; 3 fs. תְּקֻלַּל Jb 24:18 their portion is cursed; Pt. pl. sf. מְקֻלָּלָיו ψ 37:22 those cursed by him (opp. מְבֹרָכָיו). †Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵקַל Is 8:23; 2 ms. sf. הֱקִלֹּתַנִי 2 S 19:44 (van d. H. הֲ-); 3 pl. הֵקַלּוּ Ez 22:7; Impf. 3 ms. יָקֵל 1 S 6:5; Imv. ms. הָקֵל Ex 18:22 +; Inf. cstr. id., Is 23:9 Jon 1:5;— 1. make light, lighten, יָקֵל אֶת־יָדוֹ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם 1 S 6:5 he will lighten his hand from upon you; c. מֵעַל pers. alone, make light from upon one, lighten one’s burden Ex 18:22 (E), Jon 1:5; 1 K 12:10 = 2 Ch 10:10; + מִן partit. 1 K 12:4, 9 = 2 Ch 10:4, 9. 2. treat with contempt, acc. pers. 2 S 19:44; Is 23:9; Ez 22:7; dir. caus. bring contempt, dishonour Is 8:23 (opp. הִכְבִּיד). †Pilp. Pf. 3 ms. 1. shake קִלְקַל בַּחִצִּים Ez 21:26 (in divination). 2. (peculiarly) whet Ec 10:10 (proposes move quickly to and fro). †Hithpalp. reflex. of 1: Pf. 3 pl. הִתְקַלְקָ֑לוּ Je 4:24 hills shook themselves, shook.

κουφ-ίζω, Attic dialect future - ῐῶ Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect κεκούφικα Refs 2nd c.BC+ __I to be light, κουφίζουσαν ἄρουραν Refs 8th c.BC+; of a sufferer, to be relieved, κουφίζειν δοκῶ Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive, lighten, make light, τὸ κενὸν ἐμπεριλαμβανόμενον κ. τὰ σώματα Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, Refs __II.1 lift up, raise, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἅλμα κουφιεῖν make a light leap, Refs 5th c.BC+; δύστηνον αἰώρημα κουφίζω, ={δύστηνος αἰωροῦμαι}, Refs:—passive, to be lifted up, soar, [τῷ πτερῷ] ᾧ ψυχὴ κουφίζεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 lighten of a load, ὄχλου πλήθους τε κ. χθόνα lighten earth of a multitude, Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, lighten ships of their cargo, τῷ ταχυναυτοῦντι κουφίσαντες προσβάλλειν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.b of persons, relieve from burdens, Refs 5th c.BC+; τόκων τοὺς χρεωφειλέτας Refs 1st c.AD+; relieve (contractors), Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, to be relieved, ὅταν σῶμα κουφισθῇ νόσου from.., Refs 5th c.BC+future middle κουφιεῖσθαιRefs 1st c.AD+ feel your burdens lightened by.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 with accusative of things, lighten, assuage, ἀλγηδόνας Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, give or procure relief, κ. οὐδέν, ἀλλά.. Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, νομίζοντες κεκουφίσθαι τὸν πόλεμον αὐτοῖς Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.3.b cancel a debt, Refs 6th c.AD+, etc.:—middle, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II.4 ἑαυτοὺς κ. cheapen themselves, uncertain in Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.5 subtract, ἀπὸ τῶν μοιρῶν Refs 4th c.AD+