Laughing and Playing

† שָׂחַק vb. laugh (‖ צהק, q.v.; NH שָׂחַק, סָחַק; Ethiopic ሠሐቀ: );— Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְשׂ׳ consec. Pr 29:9; 3 pl. שָֽׂחֲקוּ La 1:7; Jb 30:1; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׂחַק Jb 39:7 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׂחוֹק Ju 16:27; Ec 3:4;— 1. a. laugh at, usually in contempt, derision, c. עַל pers. Jb 30:1 ψ 52:8; עַל rei La 1:7; c. ל pers. God subj. ψ 37:13; 59:9 (‖ לָעַג); c. ל rei vel pers. = have no fear of, Hb 1:10; Jb 5:22; Pr 31:25, also, fig., of noble animals Jb 39:7, 18, 22; 41:21; abs., Pr 29:9 (opp. רָגַז), of י׳ ψ 2:4 (‖ לָעַג), of wisdom Pr 1:26 (ב temp.; ‖ id.). b. c. אֶל pers., appar. of friendly laugh Jb 29:24; in gen. Ec 3:4 (opp. בָּכָה). 2. sport, play, Ju 16:27. Pi. Pf. 1 s. וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֫י 1 S 6:21; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְשַׂחֶק־ Ju 16:25, etc.; Inf. cstr. לְשַׂחֶק־ ψ 104:26; Pt. מְשַׂחֵק Pr 26:19; 1 Ch 15:29, f. מְשַׂחֶ֫קֶת Pr 8:30, 31; pl. מְשַׂחֲקִים 2 S 6:5 +, מְשַׂחֲקוֹת 1 S 18:7;— 1. make sport, Ju 16:25 (ל pers.) 2 S 2:14 (לִפְנֵי pers.; in tournament), Pr 8:30 (לִפְנֵי), v 31 (ב loc.). 2. jest, Pr 26:19. 3. play: incl. instr. music, singing and dancing 1 S 18:7, c. לִפְנֵי י׳ 2 S 6:5 (ב instr.), = 1 Ch 13:8, 2 S 6:21 1 Ch 15:29 (+ מְרַקֵּד); of merry-making Je 15:17 (‖ עָלַז), 30:19; 31:4; of children’s sport Zc 8:5; of beasts Jb 40:20 ψ 104:26; of man, play with (ב) crocod. Jb 40:29. Hiph. (declar.) Pt. pl. מַשְׂחִיקִים 2 Ch 30:10 they uttered mockery עֲלֵיהֶם (‖ מַלְעִגִים).

† [צָחַק] vb. laugh (Arabic ضَحِكَ, laugh, Syriac ܓܚܶܟ, cf. BaES 34; v. also שׂחק);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽחֲקָה Gn 18:13, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִצֲחַק־ Gn 21:6, וַיִּצְחָ֑ק 17:17; 3 fs. וַתִּצְחַק 18:12;—laugh, Gn 18:12, 13, 15(×2) (J), 17:17 (P); c. ל at, concerning, 21:6. Pi. Impf. וַיְצַחֵק Ju 16:25; Inf. cstr. לְצַחֵק Ex 32:6, (בִּי) לְצַ֫חֶק בָּנוּ Gn 39:14, 17; Pt. מְצַחֵק Gn 19:14; 26:8, מְצַחֶ֑ק 21:9;— 1. jest Gn 19:14 (J). 2. sport, play Gn 21:9 (E); Ex 32:6 (J); make sport for Ju 16:25 (לִפְנֵי; ‖ וִישַׂחֶק־לָ֑נוּ); toy with (אֶת), of conjugal caresses Gn 26:8 (cf. DoughtyArab. Des. i. 231), make a toy of, c. ב, 39:14, 17 (all J).

† II. [שָׁעַע] vb. Pilp., etc., sport, take delight in, delight (usually made = I. שׁ׳ smooth over, please; Buhl cp. Aramaic ܫܥܳܐ, Ithpe. sport, trifle, Vulg.Ar. مشعشع (loan-word?) VollersZMG xiv (1891), 86, 1. 3);— Pilp. Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשִׁעֲשַׁע Is 11:8 the suckling shall sport on (עַל) the cobra’s hole; 1 s. שִׁעֲשָׁ֑עְתִּי ψ 119:70 I take delight in thy law (acc.; but? read שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ֑י, v 77); Impf. transit. 3 mpl. יְשַׁעַשְׁעוּ ψ 94:19 thy consolations delight my soul (acc.). Polp. Impf. 2 mpl. תְּשָֽׁעֳשָׁ֑עוּ Is 66:12 upon (עַל) the knees shall ye be fondled. Hithpalp. Impf. 1 s. אֶשְׁתַּעֲשָׁ֑ע ψ 119:16 in (ב) thy statutes will I delight myself, cf. v 47.

† I. [פּוּשׁ] vb. appar. spring about, Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וּפָשׁוּ פָּרָשָׁיו Hb 1:8 (but prob. del. וּפָשׁוּ as dittogr. v. Now); 2 mpl. consec. וּפִשְׁתֶּם Mal 3:20, Impf. 2 mpl. תָּפוּשׁוּ Je 50:11 Qr (so 𝔊; > Kt תפושׁי), in both, sim. of gambolling calves.

γελάω, Epic dialect γελόω Refs 8th c.BC+, Aeolic dialect γέλαιμι Refs; Epic dialect participle γελόωντες Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect imperfect γελώων or -οίωνRefs; Doric dialect participle γελᾶσα, 3rd.pers. plural γελᾶντι, Refs 3rd c.BC+; Aeolic dialect γελαίσας Refs 7th c.BC+: Attic dialect future γελάσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐγέλᾰσα Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect ἐγέλασσα Refs 8th c.BC+; Doric dialect ἐγέλαξα Refs 3rd c.BC+; 3rd.pers. plural γέλαν for ἐγέλασαν poetical cited in Refs:—passive, future -ασθήσομαιRefs 2nd c.AD+: aorist ἐγελάσθην Refs 5th c.BC+perfect γεγέλασται Refs 2nd c.AD+ __I absolutely, laugh, ἁπαλὸν γελάσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡ δ᾽ ἐγέλασσε χείλεσιν, of feigned laughter, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐγέλασσε δέ οἱ φίλον ἦτορ his heart laughed within him,Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, εἵνεκα τοῦ γελασθῆι αι for the sake of a laugh being raised, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2 of things, γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα περὶ χθών Refs 8th c.BC+ __II laugh at, ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν Refs 8th c.BC+; γελᾷ δὲ δαίμων ἐπ᾽ ἀνδρὶ θερμῷ laughs scornfully at.., Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπί τινι at a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐγέλασα ψολοκομπίαις was amused at them, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative, deride, τινά Refs 5th c.BC+; τί δὲ τοῦτ᾽ ἐγέλασας ἐτεόν; what is this you are laughing at? Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be derided, Refs 5th c.BC+

παίζω, Doric dialect παίσδω Refs 3rd c.BC+: Laconian dialect present participle genitive plural feminine παιδδωἇν Refs 5th c.BC+future παιξοῦμαι Syrac. in Refs 5th c.BC+, παίξομαι LXX+3rd c.BC+: aorist 1 ἔπαισα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect πέπαικα Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect passive πέπαισμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: also aorist ἔπαιξα LXX+5th c.BC+: perfect πέπαιχα Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, aorist ἐπαίχθην Refs 3rd c.AD+: perfect πέπαιγμαι Refs; infinitive πεπαῖχθαι Timarch. cited in Refs 8th c.BC+ uses only present and imperfect, and (in Refs 8th c.BC+aorist imperative παίσατ; Trag. only present: (παῖς):—properly, play like a child, sport, τῇ δέ θ᾽ ἅμα Νύμφαι.. ἀγρονόμοι παίζουσι Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 especially dance, παίσατε Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, ἀλλὰ πέπαισται μετρίως ἡμῖν, of the chorus, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 play [a game], σφαίρῃ π. Refs 8th c.BC+; κύβοις ἐπὶ συνθήκαις π. Ctes.[same place]; ἀντ᾽ ἀστραγάλων κονδύλοισι π. Refs 5th c.BC+; π. διὰ γραμμῆς (see. γραμμήRefs 5th c.BC+; μετά τινων with others, Refs 6th c.BC+; κύνα καὶ πόλιν π., of a game similar to our draughts, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 play on a musical instrument, Refs 5th c.BC+; dance and sing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 play amorously, πρὸς ἀλλήλους LXX+5th c.BC+; of mares, Refs 4th c.BC+ __6 hunt, pursue game, π. κατ᾽ ἄλσος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II jest, sport, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to σπουδάζω, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to σπουδῇ λέγω, Refs; παίζετε ταῦτα λέγοντες (opposed to σπουδάζετε) Refs 5th c.BC+; π. πρός τινα make fun with a person, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. εἴς τι play with a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+: with adjective neuter, τοιαῦτα ἔπαιζον σπουδῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους Refs 5th c.BC+participle παίζων is frequently absolutely, jestingly, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to σπουδάζων, Refs —passive, ὁ λόγος πέπαισται has been made up as a jest (variant for{πέπλασται}), Refs 5th c.BC+; ταῦτα πεπαίσθω ὑμῖν enough of jest, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεπαῖχθαι τὴν λέξιν Timarch. [same place]; τοῦτο τὸ παιζόμενον 'as the joke is', Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 with accusative, play with, make sport of, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 Grammars, of words played upon or coined for the joke's sake, οἱ κωμῳδοὶ παίζειν εἰώθασι τὰ τοιαῦτα Refs 5th c.BC+