Inheritance and Property

נַחֲלָה224 n.f. possession, property, inheritance (orig. gift; NH = BH);—נ׳ Nu 18:23 +; נַחֲלָת ψ 16:6 (Ges§ 80 g), read נַחֲלָתִי Ew SS We Köii 1, 425; cstr. נַחֲלַת Jos 13:23; sf. נַחֲלָתִי Ru 4:6; נַחֲלַתְכֶם ψ 105:11; pl. נְחָלוֹת Is 49:8, נְחָלֹת Jos 19:51;— 1. property: a. in Canaan given by י׳ to Israel, †נחלת ישׂראל Ju 20:6; †נ׳ יעקב Is 58:14, especially †אֲשֶׁר נֹתֵן לְךָ נַחֲלָה Dt 4:21; 15:4; 19:10; 20:16; 21:23; 24:4; 25:19; 26:1 (all D); הנחלה אשׁר הנחלתי את עמי Je 12:14. b. distrib. among tribes: נתן נ׳ לְ Nu 16:14; 36:2 Jos 14:3 (restore לְ), 17:4, 14; 19:49 (all P); נתן לנ׳ לְ Dt 29:7 Jos 11:23; 14:13 (all D2); נָֽחֲלוּ נחלה Jos 17:6 (J); תֵּחָלֵק בנ׳ Nu 26:53, 56 (P); נפל בנחלה Nu 34:2 (P), Ju 18:1 Ez 47:22; הפיל בנ׳ Jos 13:6; 23:4 (D2), Ez 45:1; 47:22, also v 29 (Co reads ב for מ). c. nations as possession of the people, ψ 111:6; of the king 2:8. d. Levites have no property in the land Nu 18:23, 24 Dt 10:9; 12:12; their possession is י׳ Nu 18:20 (P); י׳ הוּא נחלתו Dt 10:9; 18:2 Jos 13:14, 33 (all D); the tithes Nu 18:21, 24, 26 (P). e. †י׳ takes Isr. as his property, 1 S 10:1 1 K 8:53 2 K 21:14 Is 19:25 Mi 7:18 ψ 33:12; 68:10; 106:5; עם נחלה Dt 4:20 (D2); עַמְּךָ וְנַחֲלָֽתְךָ Dt 9:26, 29 (D), 1 K 8:51; ‖ עַם Is 47:6 Jo 2:17; 4:2 Mi 7:14 ψ 28:9; 78:62, 71; 94:5, 14; 106:40; נחלת י׳ 1 S 26:19 2 S 20:19; 21:3; נ׳ אלהים 2 S 14:16; יעקב חבל נ׳ Dt 32:9; שׁבט נ׳ Je 10:16 = 51:19, ψ 74:2; שׁבטי נ׳ Is 63:17; also, the holy mt. Ex 15:17 (song), temple Je 12:7 ψ 79:1, land Je 2:7; 12:8, 9; 16:18; 50:11. †2. portion, share: a. assigned by God, Is 54:17 ψ 37:18; 127:3; elsewhere ‖ חֵלָק Jb 20:29; 27:13; 31:2. b. by choice, ‖ חֵלֶק, לא נ׳ לנו בבן ישׁי 2 S 20:1 we have no share in the son of Jesse = 1 K 12:16 = 2 Ch 10:16. 3. inheritance (45 times) חֵלָק וְנַחֲלָה בְּבֵית אָבִינוּ Gn 31:14 (E) portion or inheritance in the house of our father; העביר נ׳ לְ Nu 27:7, 8 (P) cause the inheritance to pass unto; נתן נ׳ לְ Nu 27:9, 10, 11 (P), Jb 42:15; †נחלת אבוה Nu 36:3, 8 1 K 21:3, 4 Pr 19:14; נ׳ לבניו תהיה Ez 46:16.

† אָחַז68 vb. grasp, take hold, take possession (Arabic أَخَذَ, Sab. אחֿדֿ Sab. Denkm.39, Aramaic אְחַד, ܐܶܚܰܕ, Assyrian aḫâzu, Ethiopic አኀዘ )— Qal Pf. אָחַז Ex 15:14 +; אָֽחֲזָה Jb 23:11 Is 33:14; sf. אֲחָזַנִי 2 S 1:9; 1 s. sf. אֲחַזְתִּיו Ct 3:4, etc.; Impf. יֹאחֵז Jb 17:9 +; וַיֹּ֫אחֶז 2 S 6:6; 3 fs. תֹּאחֵז Dt 32:41; וַתֹּאחֶז Ru 3:15; וַתֹּחֶז 2 S 20:9; וָאֹחֵז Ju 20:6 יֹאחֵזוּן Is 13:8; sf. יֹאחֲזֵ֫מוֹ Ex 15:15; יֹאחֱזוּךְ Je 13:21, etc.;—†as פ׳ gutt. וַיֶּאֱחֹז Ju 16:3 1 K 6:10; 2 ms. תֶּאֱחֹז Ec 7:18; Inf. אֲחֹז 1 K 6:6; אֱחֹז 1 Ch 13:9 + 3 times; Imv. אֱחֹז Ex 4:4 2 S 2:21, אֶחֳזִי־ Ru 3:15; אֶהֱזוּ Ct 2:15; אֱחֹ֑זוּ Ne 7:3; Pt. act. אֹחֵז 2 Ch 25:5; pass. אָחוּז Est 1:6, etc.;—grasp, take hold of, sq. בְּ Gn 25:26 Ex 4:4 (both J) Ju 16:3; 20:6 (= וַיַּחֲזֵק בְּ 19:29) 2 S 4:10; 6:6; 20:9 1 K 1:51 Ru 3:15(×2); 1 K 6:6 of beams having hold in a wall; (cf. בֵּית אֲבָנִים יֶֽחֱזֶה֑ Jb 8:17; Hoffm reads יֹחֲזָה = יֹא׳); also Ct 7:9 of taking hold of branches, in metaph.; poet. fig., of God’s seizing man in wrath Jb 16:12; taking hold graciously ψ 73:23; taking hold of judgment Dt 32:41; subj. man בַּאֲשֻׁרוֹ אָֽחֲזָה רַגְלִי Jb 23:11 (‖ דַּר��כּוֹ שָׁמַרְתִּי cf. also 17:9); of taking hold of folly Ec 2:3 cf. 7:18; subj. הַשַּׁהַר Jb 38:13, לֶאֱחֹז בְּכַנְפוֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ; also sq. acc. Ju 1:6; 12:6; 16:21 2 S 2:21 Is 5:29 Ct 2:15; 3:4 1 Ch 13:9 2 Ch 25:5 ψ 56:1; 137:9; cf. 1 K 6:10 (cf. v 6 supr.), subj. הַיָּצוּעַ, וַיֶּא׳ אֶת־הַבַּיִת בַּעֲצֵי אֲרָזִים; of a snare catching the heel, in metaph. Jb 18:9; fig., subj. God ψ 77:5; God’s hand 139:10; subj. pain, sorrow, fear, etc. Ex 15:14, 15 2 S 1:9 Jb 21:6; 30:16 ψ 48:7; 119:53 Is 21:3; 33:14 Je 13:21; 49:24; subj. man, obj. fear, etc. Jb 18:20 Is 13:8; obj. דֶּרֶךְ take one’s way Jb 17:9 יֹאחֵז צַדִּיק דַּרְכּוֹ AV RV hold on his way (cf. 23:11 supr., & Assyrian ṣabâtu urḫu, e.g. V. R 1, 74);—abs. Ne 7:3 of barring gates; pt. pass. caught Ec 9:12; fastened, held Est 1:6; taken (by lot) 1 Ch 24:6(×3) (on text v. Öt); taken out of a number Nu 31:30, 47; pt. act. of same form אֲחֻזֵי חֶרֶב Ct 3:8 cf. Thes BaNB 175 & Ethiopic pt.; similarly Aramaic אָחִיד, e.g. 𝔗 Am 2:5; ܐܰܚܺܝܕ e.g. 𝔖 Ju 8:10 1 Ch 5:18; & Ez 41:6(×2) (but v. Co). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. ��ֹאחֲזוּ Jos 22:9; וְנֹא׳ (cons.) Nu 32:30; Impf. וַיֵּאָחֲזוּ Gn 47:27; Imv. הֵאָחֲזוּ Gn 34:10 Jos 22:19; Pt. נֶאֱחָז Gn 22:13; נֶאֱחָזִים Ec 9:12;—be caught Gn 22:13 Ec 9:12; elsewhere have possessions Gn 34:10; 47:27 Nu 32:30 Jos 22:9, 19 (P). Pi. Pt. מְאַחֵז Jb 26:9 c. acc. enclose, overlay (so Assyrian DlW, p. 294, cf. Aramaic ܐܚܕ, shut). Hoph. Pt. pl. מָאֳחָזִים 2 Ch 9:18 fastened to sq. לְ.

† I. חָלָה vb. be weak, sick (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלָא suffer (rare); Assyrian ḫalû, sickness, grief, DlPr 181)— Qal Pf. ח׳ 1 K 14:1 + 8 times; 2 fs. חָלִית Is 57:10; 1 s. חָלִיתִי 1 S 30:13 + 2 times; וְחָלִי֫תִי consec. Ju 16:7, 11, 17, חָלוּ֫ Je 5:3 (so read, v. infr.); Impf. וַיָּ֑חַל 2 K 1:2; Inf. sf. חֲלֹתוֹ Is 38:9; חֲלוֹתִי ψ 77:11 cf. sub Pi.; חֲלוֹתָם ψ 35:13; Pt. חֹלֶה Gn 48:1 + 6 times + 1 S 22:8 (v. infr.); חוֹלֶה Ne 2:2 Mal 1:13; f. חוֹלָה Ec 5:12 + 3 times (for Je 4:31 v. I. חוּל), cstr. חוֹלַת Ct 2:5; 5:8;— 1. be or become weak, Samson Ju 16:7, 11, 17; feel weak Is 57:10 (Che) Ez 34:4, 16. 2. become sick, ill Gn 48:1 (E) 1 S 19:14; 30:13 1 K 14:1, 5; 15:23 (of Asa, = חלא 2 Ch 16:2) 17:17 2 K 1:2; 8:7; 13:14 (c. acc. cogn.) 20:12 = Is 39:1, Is 33:24; 38:9 Pr 23:35 ψ 35:13 Ne 2:2, cf. ψ 77:11 חֲלוֹתִי for חַלּוֹתִי Che after Bi; lame and sick—i.e. imperfect for sacrifice—of animals Mal 1:8, 13; sick from effect of wounds 2 K 8:29 = 2 Ch 22:6, cf. Pr 23:35, מַכָּה with חֳלִי Dt 28:59, 61 Je 6:7; 10:19; hyperbol. sick from love חוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אני Ct 2:5; 5:8; be sick unto dying חלה לָמוּת 2 K 20:1 = Is 38:1, ח׳עד־למות (late) 2 Ch 32:24; Je 5:3 read prob. לֹא חָלוּ֫ (for MT חָ֫לוּ, v. I. חול) of the people, unmoved by י׳’s chastisements; thou hast smitten them, but they are not sick (cf. Niph. Am 6:6); of sickness of the mind in MT 1 S 22:8 sq. עַל (but read rather חֹמֵל 𝔊 Gr Klo Dr); pt. as adj. severe, sore רָעָה חוֹלָה Ec 5:12, 15;—on Je 4:31 v. חוּל" dir="rtl" >I. חול. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נֶחֱלֵיתִי Dn 8:27; 3 pl. נֶחְלוּ Am 6:6 Je 12:13; Pt. f. נַחֲלָה Is 17:11 + 4 times; pl. נַחְלוֹת Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21;— 1. make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself Je 12:13 (but Gr נִלְאוּ). 2. be made sick Dn 8:27; לֹא נֶח׳ of indifference, apathy Am 6:6 sq. על (cf. Qal Je 5:3); pt. diseased, as subst. c. art. Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21; = severe, sore (pred. of מַכָּה) Na 3:19 Je 10:19; 14:17; 30:12; also (מַכָּה om.) Is 17:11. Pi. Pf. חִלָּה make sick, c. acc. cogn. + בְּ of land Dt 29:21; Inf. cstr. חַלּוֹתִי הִיא ψ 77:11 read prob. חֲלוֹתִי, Inf. Qal, my sickness, so Bi Che (others der. from חלל my wounding, v. De).—For other forms of Pi. v. חלה" dir="rtl" >II. חלה. Pu. Pf. be made weak, 2 ms. חֻלֵּיתָ Is 14:10. Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:6; Imv. הִתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:5; Inf. הִתְחַלּוֹת 2 S 13:2;—make oneself sick, of Ammon’s morbid passion for his sister 2 S 13:2, sq. בַּעֲבוּר; of his pretended sickness of body 2 S 13:5, 6. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10; 1 s. הֶהֱלֵתִי Mi 6:13; pl. הֶחֱלוּ Ho 7:5 (on text v. infr.); Pt. מַחֲלָה Pr 13:12;— 1. make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting הַכּוֹתֶ֑ךָ Mi 6:13 (cf. Na 3:19, Niph.); obj. (implic.) a person, וי׳ חָפֵץ דַּכְּאוֹ הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10 it pleased י׳ to bruise him, making him sick = to bruise him sorely, v. further Di. 2. make sick, obj. לֵב (of hope deferred) Pr 13:12. 3. shew (signs of) sickness, become sick, only הֶח׳ שׂרים חֲמַת מִיָּ֑יִן Ho 7:5 princes are become sick with fever of wine (Now Che VB; > Vrss Hi-St who read הֵחֵלּוּ they begin the day with wine-fever). Hoph. Pf. be made sick = wounded הָֽחֳלֵיתִי 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, 2 Ch 35:23.

κληρονομ-ία, ἡ, inheritance, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ κ. κατὰ τὴν ἀγχιστείαν inheritance as heir-at-law, Refs 4th c.BC+ have taken possession of.., Refs __2 property, possession, ἀνέζευξεν ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν κ. αὐτοῦ LXX

† יְרֻשָּׁה n.f. (a) possession, inheritance;—abs. יר׳ Dt 2:5 + 7 times, cstr. יְרֻשַּׁת Ju 21:17 ψ 61:6 (but on text v. infr.); sf. יְרֻשָּֽׁתְךָ 2 Ch 20:11; יְרֻשָּׁתוֹ Dt 2:12; 3:20; יְרֻשַּׁתְכֶם Jos 1:15;—used of land Dt 2:5, 9(×2), 19(×2); 3:20; אֶרֶץ יְרֻשָּׁתוֹ 2:12 the land of his possession, so Jos 1:15; further, 12:6, 7 Ju 21:17 (but BuRS 152 נִשְׁאֲרָה), Je 32:8 ψ 61:6 (but אֲרֶשֶׁת request, cf. Checrit. n.), 2 Ch 20:11.

κλῆρος __A, Doric dialect κλᾶρος Refs 5th c.BC+, ου, ὁ:— lot, κλῆρον ἐσημήναντο ἕκαστος, ἐν δ᾽ ἔβαλον κυνέῃ Refs 8th c.BC+; κλήρῳ πεπαλάσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; πάντας ἀνέφεδρος ἐπαγκρατίασε τοὺς κ., i.e. he never drew a bye, Refs 2nd c.AD+; κλήρου κατὰ μοῖραν Refs 5th c.BC+; κλάροισι θεοπροπέων divining by lots, Refs 5th c.BC+ __A.2 casting of lots, drawing of lots, κ. τίθεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; = Latin sortitio provinciarum, Refs 1st c.AD+ __A.3 λαβὼν πίστιν.. κλήρου uncertain meaning in Refs 1st c.AD+ __A.II that which is assigned by lot, allotment of land, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. ἱππικός Refs 3rd c.BC+; περὶ τοῦ λάχους τριάκοντα καὶ ἑπτὰ κλάρων Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.II.2 generally, piece of land, farm, estate, οἶκος καὶ κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ κ. τῶν Συρίων their lands, Refs 5th c.BC+; Κύπρου Πάφου τ᾽ ἔχουσα.. κλῆρον, of Aphrodite, Refs 5th c.BC+; Πισαίοις ἐνὶ κλήροισι Refs 2nd c.BC+. b. plural, title-deeds, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __A.II.3 legacy, inheritance, heritable estate, Refs 5th c.BC+. b. collective, body of inheritors, Refs __A.II.4 Astrology texts, certain degrees in the zodiac connected with planets and important in a nativity, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __A.II.5 generally, province, sphere, ἕνα θεὸν πολλῶν ἅμα προεστάναι κλήρων Refs 5th c.AD+ __A.III of the Levites, Κύριος αὐτὸς κλῆρος αὐτοῦ LXX: hence, of the Christian clergy, ἐν κλήρῳ καταλεγόμενος Refs 2nd c.AD+

† מוֹרָשָׁה n.f. a possession;—מ׳ Ex 6:8 + 8 times;—of land Dt 33:4 (poem), Ex 6:8 (P), Ez 11:15; 25:10; 33:24; 36:2, 5; of people Ez 25:4; 36:3.

περιποί-ησις, εως, ἡ, keeping safe, preservation, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 concrete, those who are saved, NT __II gaining possession of, acquisition, NT+2nd c.AD+; procuring, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν, ={λ. περιούσιος}, NT

διαδίδωμι, future -δώσωRefs 5th c.BC+:—pass on, hand over, ἐμοὶ τοῦτον διέδωκαν (i.e. Μοῖσαι) ἀθάνατον πόνον Refs 5th c.BC+; propound for consideration, Refs 6th c.AD+ in Hp.Fract.Refs C.; spread abroad, λόγον Refs 1st c.AD+ — passive, λόγος διεδόθη variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; παρὰ τῶν ἀρχαιων δ. to be handed down by tradition, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 distribute, τινί τι Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τῇ σάλπιγγι σιωπῆς εἰς ἅπαντας διαδοθείσης Refs 1st c.AD+; τὸ διαδιδόμενον εἰς τὰς φλέβας, of food, Refs 4th c.BC+; of the bowels, secrete, τῆς κοιλίης ὑδατόχολα πολλὰ διαδιδούσης Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 δ. κόρας cast one's eyes around, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 διαδοῦναι δίκας give satisfaction to injured party, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II intransitive, spread about, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 remit, Refs 5th c.BC+

κατά-σχεσις, εως, ἡ, holding back, restraining, retention, Refs 5th c.BC+. __II possession, LXX+NT __III relation, attitude, Refs.

ὕπαρξις, εως, ἡ, existence, reality, τοῦ θεοῦ Refs 1st c.BC+; opposed to ἀνυπαρξία, Refs 2nd c.AD+; opposed to νόησις, Refs 1st c.AD+; opposed to ἀναίρεσις, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 in Logic, existence in a subject, Refs 5th c.AD+ __3 Grammars, τὰ τῆς ὑπάρξεως ῥήματα, ={ὑπαρκτικὰ ῥ}., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4 in Mathematics texts, positive term, λεῖψις ἐπὶ λεῖψιν πολλαπλασιασθεῖσα ποιεῖ ὕπαρξιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II substance, ἡ τοῦ κέρατος ὕ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 like{τὰ ὑπάρχοντα}, substance, property, LXX+2nd c.BC+

† יְרֵשָׁה n.f. a possession, used of nation וְהָיָה אֱדוֹם יְרֵשַׁה וְהָיָה יְרֵשָׁה שֵׂעִיר אֹיְבָיו Nu 24:18 (JE).

κατακληρο-δοτέω, seize and parcel out, τὴν γῆν αὐτῶν variant in LXX+NT

πρωτοτόκ-ια, τά, with variant πρωτοτοκ-τοκεῖα, rights of the first-born, birthright, LXX+NT